我想做个二级打工仔
Thread poster: lawtranjintong
lawtranjintong
lawtranjintong
English to Chinese
Aug 2, 2005

我是大陆来的,专做法律翻译,哪位有做不完的活言语声,价钱您说了算。

 
chance (X)
chance (X)
French to Chinese
+ ...
Hi Jintong, Aug 2, 2005

高兴认识你。

如果你能通过个人Profile页对自己的专业特点和学习经历介绍一下,有时间参加Kudoz的互助答题,或参加论坛探讨,会有利于大家对你的了解,这样也许会有同行找你合作。

另外要有一个思想准备,一般需要一定的时间才能找到稳定客源,得有耐性。最好也要注意选择客户,如果你过分急于拿job,也许会有人钻孔子,不付款。

我谈的以上几点,在本论坛都探讨过,你可以游览一下。

Good luck!

lawtranjintong wrote:

我是大陆来的,专做法律翻译,哪位有做不完的活言语声,价钱您说了算。


 
Jianjun Zhang
Jianjun Zhang  Identity Verified
United Kingdom
Local time: 09:23
English to Chinese
+ ...
為什麼是二級? Aug 2, 2005

lawtranjintong wrote:

我是大陆来的,专做法律翻译,哪位有做不完的活言语声,价钱您说了算。


精通:

二級是比一級還要難做,因為一級靠技能和經驗,二級卻要靠技能、經驗和信得過的同事關係。換句話說,自己沒有時間做的活寕可推掉,也不敢隨便找人做的。推掉少一次機會,找人做壞就是自殺。Chance 建議不錯,應該多瀏覽一下這裡的討論,有很多可以學。


 
lawtranjintong
lawtranjintong
English to Chinese
TOPIC STARTER
我不能马上看到自己的回帖,所以。。。 Aug 3, 2005

在这个论坛上我不能马上看到自己的回帖,所以总有些担心自己说的话不太合适,而自己又不能及时发现作出纠正。

关于我说的“二级”翻译,我是这样想的,大陆与欧美国际市场的翻译价格有相当大的距离,这点大家比我清楚。而我现在没能力直接开发国际客户(比如我没有trados等),所以如果哪位接了项目交给我来做的话可以很轻松的获取一定利润。当然我希望
... See more
在这个论坛上我不能马上看到自己的回帖,所以总有些担心自己说的话不太合适,而自己又不能及时发现作出纠正。

关于我说的“二级”翻译,我是这样想的,大陆与欧美国际市场的翻译价格有相当大的距离,这点大家比我清楚。而我现在没能力直接开发国际客户(比如我没有trados等),所以如果哪位接了项目交给我来做的话可以很轻松的获取一定利润。当然我希望能找到一位友好、诚实、善良的“老板”长期合作。

关于我的翻译能力,我会陆续帖出一些作品供大家参考。

reference 1:

关于信用保险和担保保险以及协调涉及设立和从事人寿保险以外直
接保险业务的法律、法规和行政规章的EEC/239/73号首次指令的欧
盟委员会EEC/343/87号指令 1987年6月22日修订

关于信用保险和担保保险以及协调涉及设立和从事人寿保险以外直
接保险业务的法律、法规和行政规章EEC/239/73号首次指令的欧盟
委员会EEC/343/87号指令 1987年6月22日修订
(87/343/EEC)
欧洲共同体委员会,
考虑到建立欧洲经济共同体之条约,特别是该条约第五十七条第二款之规定,
考虑到委员会之建议,
考虑到欧洲议会之意见,
考虑到经济及社会委员会之意见,
鉴于,1973年7月24日关于协调涉及设立和从事人寿保险以外直接保险业务的法律、法规和行政规章的欧盟委员会EEC/239/73号首次指令(4),经76/580/EEC (5)号指令修订, 为顺利设立和从事该项业务减少了各成员国法律上的分歧;
但是,鉴于所述指令之第二条第二款(d)项指明,“本指令宣告后将于四年内进行的进一步协调”,不适用于“受该国委托或支持的出口信用保险经营”;又鉴于,由于该指令对被保险人的一般性保护规定在各个实行受政府委托或政府给予保证的出口信用保险的国家已经作出规定,所以,该类经营仍然不属于所述指引进一步协调的范畴;
鉴于,所述指令之第七条第二款(c)项指明,“就本指令宣告后必须进行的进一步协调,德意志联邦共和国可以保留关于禁止保险业经营者在其业务范围内,无论是同一险种之间还是不同险种之间,同时从事健康保险、信用和保证保险,或者涉及向第三方追索或进行法律抗辩的保险业务的规定”;由此在建立保险代理机构和保险分支机构时产生了障碍;本指令旨在对这种状况作出补救;
鉴于所述指令中保证人保险已对被保险人的利益给予了充分保障;鉴于德意志联邦共和国关于禁止同时从事保证保险和其他种类保险的规定应予撤消;
鉴于,信用保险业务额相当于全部保险业务额中多于一小部分的保险经营,需要设立同等数量的准备金,该准备金不列入偿付准备金;鉴于该准备金应按照本指令中规定的方法计算。该计算方法与以前的计算方法意义相同。
鉴于,考虑到信用保险索赔的循环性质,为了计算在73/239/EEC号指令第16条第2款含义下索赔的平均负担,信用保险应该被视为与风暴险、冰雹险、和霜冻险在同一基础之上的保险。
鉴于,基于信用保险的性质,所述指令规定,经营此类业务应该设立比目前更高的保证金;
鉴于,应给予此类保险业务经营者充分时间以满足该义务要求;
鉴于有必要将该义务加于经营此类保险业务未超过一定规模的保险业务经营者;
鉴于,考虑到本指令关于信用保险的规定,德意志联邦共和国继续保留关于禁止同时经营信用保险和其他种类保险业务的规定已经有失公正,因此该规定应予以取消,
兹采用本指令:
第一条
欧共体委员会73/239/EEC号指令现做如下修改:
1、第二条第二款(d)项由下述规定取代:“(d) 进一步协调,受该国委托或由该国保证的,或该国作为保险人的。”
2、第七条第二款( c )项第二段,删除“信用和保证保险”。
3、加入下面一条:“第十五条a
1)、各成员国应该要求在其地域内设立和承保附件中A项第十四号保险类下之风险(下称“信用保险”)的经营者,须设立同等数量的准备金,以抵偿该类保险中某一财政年度出现的技术性赤字或者超过平均赔付率的数额。
2)、该同等数量的准备金必须按照各个成员国根据附件D项规定的四种方法之一所规定的规则进行计算,上述四种方法应被认为具有同等意义。
3)、根据附件D项规定的方法计算数额时,为计算偿付准备金起见,该同等数量准本金应不予考虑。
4)、如果涉及信用保险的应收保险费或者分担保险额低于应收保险费或者分担保险额总额的4%,且低于2 500 000欧洲货币单位,成员国可以免除保险业务设立者为信用保险设立同等数量准备金的义务。”
4、第十六条第二款中的第二句被下述内容替换:
“但是在这种情况下,对于只承保一种或数种信用险、风暴险、冰雹险、或者霜冻险的保险业经营者,最后七个财政年度应被作为赔付平均负担额的参照期间。
5、第十七条第二款( a )项第一个缩进部分由下述内容替代:
“-附件中A项列举的所有或者某些险种属于第14号类保险的险种,补偿1 400 000 欧洲货币单位。该规定适用于该类保险中到期应付年度保险费额或者分担保险额,在最近三个财政年度内每年均超过2 500 000欧洲货币单位,或者超过保险经营者应收保险费或分担保险额总额的4%的保险经营者。
- 附件中A项列举的各类保险之一中所有或者某些险种属于第10号、11号、12号、13号和15号,以及第一个缩进部分不适用的属于第14号的部分。”
6、在第17条第二款中加入下面的分自然段:
“( d ) 如果开展信用保险业务的保险业经营者被要求将第一个缩进部分分自然段(a)中所指的保险基金提高到1 400 000 欧洲货币单位,相关成员国应允许该种经营:
-在三年期限内将保险基金提高到1 000 000 欧洲货币单位,
-在五年期限内将保险基金提高到1 200 000 欧洲货币单位,
-在七年期限内将保险基金提高到1 400 000 欧洲货币单位。
上述期限应自满足分自然段的第一个缩进部分所指明的条件之日开始。”
7、第十九条加入下述内容:
“ 1a、就信用保险而言,保险业经营者应向监督机构提供会计帐册,该帐册应能显示与信用保险业务相关的技术结果和技术准备金情况。”
8、在本指令附件中加入D项。
第二条
成员国应于1990年1月1日前采取措施以便与本指令规定相一致。并将该情况立即通知委员会。
上述措施开始实施的时间不得迟于1990年七月1日。
第三条
根据本指令宣告(1),成员国应将在本指令所约束的范围内通过的国内立法的主要规定的文本递交委员会。
第四条
本指令向各成员国宣告。
于1987年6月22日制定于卢森堡。
理事会
主席
L. TINDEMANS
(1) OJ No C 245, 29. 9. 1979, p. 7 and
OJ No C 5, 7. 1. 1983, p. 2.
(2) OJ No C 291, 10. 11. 1980, p. 70.
(3) OJ No C 146, 16. 6. 1980, p. 6.
(4) OJ No L 228, 16. 8. 1973, p. 3.
(5) OJ No L 189, 13. 7. 1976, p. 13.
(1)本指令已于1987年6月25日告知各成员国。
附件
“D、信用保险类同等数量准备金计算方法
方法一
1、涉及A项第14号保险类中包含的险种(下称“信用保险”),保险经营者应当设立同等数量的准备金,用以弥补财政年度中出现的该类保险的技术性赤字。
2、此项准备金应当于每一财政年度从信用保险业务的技术赢余中提取75%。但在该准备金于最近的五个财政年度中达到最高年度净保险额或者分担保险额的150%之前,以不超过净保险额或者分担保险额的12%为限。
方法二
1、涉及A项第14号类保险中所包含的险种(下称“信用保险”),保险经营者应当设立同等数量准备金以弥补财政年度中出现的该类保险的技术性赤字。
2、同等数量准备金的最底数额应为最近五个财政年度中减去分出保险额,加上接受的再保险额后每年平均接受的保险费或者分担保险额的134%。
3、该准备金应于随后的每一财政年度内提取该类保险中产生的任何技术性赢余的75%,直到该准备金至少相当于根据第二自然段规定的计算方法得出的数额的最低限度。
4、成员国可以为准备金数额的计算制定专门规则,和/或规定不低于本指引规定的最低限额的准备金年提取额。
方法三
1、A项第14号类保险(下称“信用保险”)同等数量准备金的设立,旨在抵销该类保险中出现的任何超出平均水平的索赔率。
2、同等数量准备金应当在下面列明的方法的基础之上进行计算。
所有计算均与保险人自己的帐目收支相关。
每一财政年度的任何赔付短缺数额,应当由同等数量的准备金补足,直到达到或者恢复到所要求的数额。
在相关期限内如果某一财政年度的赔付率低于平均赔付率,则应认为已出现赔付短缺。赔付短缺数额应当用该年度的赔付率与平均赔付率之间的差额乘以该财政年度的保险费收入得出。
所要求的数额应当相当于相关期间内的通常赔付率与平均赔付率之间的差额乘以该财政年度的保险费收入的六倍。
任何财政年度出现赔付过量,相应的过量数额应当由相同数量的准备金补足。如果一财政年度的赔付率高于平均赔付率,则应认为出现赔付过量。赔付过量数额应当用该年度的赔付率与平均赔付率之间的差额乘以该财政年度的保险费收入得出。
每一财政年度的赔付过量差额应当首先以同等数量准备金的3,5 %补足,直到达到或者恢复到所要求的数额,赔付过程不予考虑。
参照期应不短于15年,不超过30年。如果参照期内未发现承保损失,则不必设立同等数量准备金。
如果在与支出率相联系的参照期内的平均赔付率显示保险费处于安全界限之内,则所要求的同等数量准备金的数额和在该项准备金抽取的数额可以减少。
方法四
1、A 项第14号类保险(下称“信用保险”)应设立同等数量准备金,以抵销该类保险中某一财政年度出现的超过平均赔付率的部分。
2、同等数量准备金应当在下面列明的方法的基础之上计算。
所有计算均与保险人自己的帐目收支相关。
每一财政年度的任何赔付短缺数额,应当由同等数量的准备金补足,直到达到或者恢复到所要求的数额。
在相关期限内如果某一财政年度的赔付率低于平均赔付率,则应认为已出现赔付短缺。赔付短缺数额应当用该年度的赔付率与平均赔付率之间的差额乘以该财政年度的保险费收入得出。
所要求的数额应当相当于相关期间内的通常赔付率与平均赔付率之间的差额乘以该财政年度的保险费收入的六倍。
任何财政年度出现赔付过量,相应的过量数额应当由相同数量的准备金补足。如果某一财政年度的赔付率高于平均赔付率,则应认为出现赔付过量。赔付过量数额应当用该年度的赔付率与平均赔付率之间的差额乘以该财政年度的保险费收入得出。
所要求的数额应当相当于参照期间内的通常赔付率与平均赔付率之间的差额乘以该财政年度的保险费收入所得结果的三倍。
参照期应不短于15年,不超过30年。如果参照期内未发现承保损失,则不必设立同等数量准备金。
如果在与支出率相联系的参照期内的平均赔付率显示保险费处于安全界限之内,且该安全界限差高于参照期内通常赔付率与平均赔付率差额的一倍半,则无论是所要求的同等数量的准备金的数额和该准备金增加的数额,还是在该准备金中抽取的数额,均可以减少。在此种情况下,所考虑的数额应以保险系数或者参照期内通常赔付率与平均赔付率差额的一倍半乘以安全界限差额得出。

原文:
Council Directive 87/343/EEC of 22 June 1987 amending, as regards credit insurance and suretyship insurance, First Directive 73/239/EEC on the coordination of laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to the taking-up and pursuit of the business of direct insurance other than life assurance

COUNCIL DIRECTIVE
of 22 June 1987
amending, as regards credit insurance and suretyship insurance, First Directive 73/239/EEC on the coordination of laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to the taking-up and pursuit of the business of direct insurance other than life assurance
(87/343/EEC)
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community, and in particular Article 57 (2) thereof,
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission (1),
Having regard to the opinion of the European Parliament (2),
Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social Committee (3),
Whereas First Council Directive 73/239/EEC of 24 July 1973 on the coordination of laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to the taking-up and pursuit of the business of direct insurance other than life assurance (4), as amended by Directive 76/580/EEC (5), eliminated a number of divergencies in the laws of the Member States in order to facilitate the taking-up and pursuit of that business;
Whereas, however, Article 2 (2) (d) of the said Directive states that it does not apply, 'pending further coordination, which shall be implemented within four years of notification of this Directive', to 'export credit insurance operations for the account of or with the support of the State'; whereas, since the protection of insured persons normally provided by the Directive is provided by the State itself where export credit insurance operations are carried out for the account of or with the guarantee of the State, such operations should continue to be excluded from the scope of the said Directive pending further coordination;
Whereas Article 7 (2) (c) of the said Directive states that 'pending further coordination, which must be implemented within four years of notification of this Directive, the Federal Republic of Germany may maintain the provision prohibiting the simultaneous undertaking in its territory of health insurance, credit and suretyship insurance or insurance in respect of recourse against third parties and legal defence, either with one another or with other classes'; whereas it follows from this that there are barriers to the establishment of agencies and branches; whereas the present Directive is intended to remedy this situation;
Whereas the interests of insured persons are sufficiently safeguarded, as regards suretyship insurance, by the said Directive; whereas the prohibition in the Federal Republic of Germany on the simultaneous undertaking of suretyship insurance and other classes should be lifted;
Whereas insurance undertakings whose credit insurance business amounts to more than a small proportion of their total business require an equalization reserve which does not form part of the solvency margin; whereas that reserve should be calculated according to the methods laid down in this Directive, which are recognized as equivalent;
Whereas in view of the cyclical nature of claims in credit insurance, the latter should, for the purposes of calculating the average burden of claims within the meaning of Article 16 (2) of Directive 73/239/EEC, be treated on the same basis as insurance against storm, hail and frost risks;
Whereas the nature of the risk in credit insurance is such that undertakings which transact such business ought to form a higher guarantee fund than is at present provided for in the said Directive;
Whereas a sufficient period of time should be granted to undertakings which are required to meet that obligation;
Whereas it is unnecessary to impose this obligation on undertakings whose operations in this class of insurance do not exceed a certain volume;
Whereas, in view of the provisions of this Directive in respect of credit insurance, the maintenance by the Federal Republic of Germany of the prohibition of the simultaneous undertaking of credit insurance and other classes is no longer justified, and such prohibition should therefore be removed,
HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:
Article 1
Council Directive 73/239/EEC is hereby amended as follows:
1. Article 2 (2) (d) shall be replaced by the following:
'(d) pending further coordination, export credit insurance operations for the account of or guaranteed by the State, or where the State is the insurer.'
2. In the second subparagraph of Article 7 (2) (c), the words 'credit and suretyship insurance' shall be deleted.
3. The following Article shall be inserted:
'Article 15a
1. Each Member State shall require undertakings established on its territory and underwriting risks included under class 14 in point A of the Annex (hereinafter referred to as "credit insurance") to set up an equalization reserve for the purpose of offsetting any technical deficit or above-average claims ratio arising in that class for a financial year.
2. The equalization reserve must be calculated, under the rules laid down by each Member State, in accordance with one of the four methods set out in point D of the Annex which shall be regarded as being equivalent.
3. Up to the amount calculated in accordance with the methods set out in point D of the Annex, the equalization reserve shall be disregarded for purposes of calculating the solvency margin.
4. Member States may exempt establishments from the obligation to set up an equalization reserve for credit insurance business where the premiums or contributions receivable in respect of credit insurance are less than 4 % of the total premiums or contributions receivable by them and less than 2 500 000 ECU.'
4. In Article 16 (2), the second sentence shall be replaced by the following text:
'In the case, however, of undertakings which essentially underwrite only one or more of the risks of credit, storm, hail or frost, the last seven financial years shall be taken as the reference period for the average burden of claims.'
5. The first indent of Article 17 (2) (a) shall be replaced by the following indents:
'- 1 400 000 ECU in the case where all or some of the risks included in the class listed in point A of the Annex under No 14 are covered. This provision shall apply to every undertaking for which the annual amount of premiums or contributions due in this class for each of the last three financial years exceeded 2 500 000 ECU or 4 % of the total amount of premiums or contributions receivable by the undertaking concerned;
- 400 000 ECU in the case where all or some of the risks included in one of the classes listed in point A of the Annex under Nos 10, 11, 12, 13 and 15 and, insofar as the first indent does not apply, No 14.'
6. The following subparagraph shall be added to Article 17 (2):
'(d) Where an undertaking carrying on credit insurance is required to increase the fund referred to in subparagraph (a), first indent, to 1 400 000 ECU, the Member State concerned shall allow such undertaking:
- a period of three years in which to bring the fund up to 1 000 000 ECU,
- a period of five years to bring the fund up to 1 200 000 ECU,
- a period of seven years to bring the fund up to 1 400 000 ECU.
These periods shall run from the date from which the conditions referred to in the first indent of subparagraph (a) are fulfilled.'
7. The following shall be inserted in Article 19:
'1a. In respect of credit insurance, the undertaking shall make available to the supervisory authority accounts showing both the technical results and the technical reserves relating to that business.'
8. Point D in the Annex to this Directive shall be added to the Annex. Article 2
Member States shall take the measures necessary to comply with this Directive by 1 January 1990. They shall forthwith inform the Commission thereof.
They shall apply these measures from 1 July 1990 at the latest.
Article 3
Following notification (1) of this Directive, Member States shall communicate to the Commission the texts of the main provisions of national legislation which they adopt in the field governed by this Directive.
Article 4
This Directive is addressed to the Member States.
Done at Luxembourg, 22 June 1987.
For the Council
The President
L. TINDEMANS
(1) OJ No C 245, 29. 9. 1979, p. 7 and
OJ No C 5, 7. 1. 1983, p. 2.
(2) OJ No C 291, 10. 11. 1980, p. 70.
(3) OJ No C 146, 16. 6. 1980, p. 6.
(4) OJ No L 228, 16. 8. 1973, p. 3.
(5) OJ No L 189, 13. 7. 1976, p. 13.
(1) This Directive was notified to the Member States on 25 June 1987.
ANNEX
'D. Methods of calculating the equalization reserve for the credit insurance class
Method No 1
1. In respect of the risks included in the class of insurance in point A No 14 (hereinafter referred to as 'credit insurance'), the undertaking shall set up an equalization reserve to which shall be charged any technical deficit arising in that class for a financial year.
2. Such reserve shall in each financial year receive 75 % of any technical surplus arising on credit insurance business, subject to a limit of 12 % of the net premiums or contributions until the reserve has reached 150 % of the highest annual amount of net premiums or contributions received during the previous five financial years.
Method No 2
1. In respect of the risks included in the class of insurance listed in point A No 14 (hereinafter referred to as 'credit insurance') the undertaking shall set up an equalization reserve to which shall be charged any technical deficit arising in that class for a financial year.
2. The minimum amount of the equilization reserve shall be 134 % of the average of the premiums or contributions received annually during the previous five financial years after subtraction of the cessions and addition of the reinsurance acceptances.
3. Such reserve shall in each of the successive financial years receive 75 % of any technical surplus arising in that class until the reserve is at least equal to the minimum calculated in accordance with paragraph 2.
4. Member States may lay down special rules for the calculation of the amount of the reserve and/or the amount of the annual levy in excess of the minimum amounts laid down in this Directive.
Method No 3
1. An equalization reserve shall be formed for class 14 in point A (hereinafter referred to as 'credit insurance') for the purpose of offsetting any above-average claims ratio for a financial year in that class of insurance.
2. The equalization reserve shall be calculated on the basis of the method set out below.
All calculations shall relate to income and expenditure for the insurer's own account.
An amount in respect of any claims shortfall for each financial year shall be placed to the equalization reserve until it has reached, or is restored to, the required amount.
There shall be deemed to be a claims shortfall if the claims ratio for a financial year is lower than the average claims ratio for the reference period. The amount in respect of the claims shortfall shall be arrived at by multiplying the difference between the two ratios by the earned premiums for the financial year.
The required amount shall be equal to six times the standard devition of the claims ratios in the reference period from the average claims ratio, multiplied by the earned premiums for the financial year.
Where claims for any financial year are in excess, an amount in respect thereof shall be taken from the equalization reserve. Claims shall be deemed to be in excess if the claims ratio for the financial year is higher than the average claims ratio. The amount in respect of the excess claims shall be arrived at by multiplying the difference between the two ratios by the earned premiums for the financial year.
Irrespective of claims experience, 3,5 % of the required amount of the equalization reserve shall be first placed to that reserve each financial year until its required amount has been reached or restored.
The lenght of the reference period shall be not less than 15 years and not more than 30 years. No equalization reserve need be formed if no underwriting loss has been noted during the reference period.
The required amount of the equalization reserve and the amount to be taken from it may be reduced if the average claims ratio for the reference period in conjunction with the expenses ratio show that the premiums include a safety margin.
Method No 4
1. An equalization reserve shall be formed for class 14 in point A (hereinafter referred to as 'credit insurance') for the purpose of offsetting any above-average claims ratio for a financial year in that class of insurance. 2. The equalization reserve shall be calculated on the basis of the method set out below.
All calculations shall relate to income and expenditure for the insurer's own account.
An amount in respect of any claims shortfall for each financial year shall be placed to the equalization reserve until it has reached the maximum required amount.
There shall be deemed to be a claims shortfall if the claims ratio for a financial year is lower than the average claims ratio for the reference period. The amount in respect of the claims shortfall shall be arrived at by multiplying the difference betwen the two ratios by the earned premiums for the financial year.
The maximum required amount shall be equal to six times the standard deviation of the claims ratio in the reference period from the average claims ratio, multiplied by the earned premiums for the financial year.
Where claims for any financial year are in excess, an amount in respect thereof shall be taken from the equalization reserve until it has reached the minimum required amount. Claims shall be deemed to be in excess if the claims ratio for the financial year is higher than the average claims ratio. The amount in respect of the excess claims shall be arrived at by multiplying the difference between the two ratios by the earned premiums for the financial year.
The minimum required amount shall be equal to three times the standard deviation of the claims ratio in the reference from the average claims ratio multiplied by the earned premiums for the financial year.
The length of the reference period shall be not less than 15 years and not more than 30 years. No equalization reserve need be formed if no underwriting loss has been noted during the reference period.
Both required amounts of the equalization reserve and the amount to be placed to it or the amount to be taken from it may be reduced if the average claims ratio for the reference period in conjunction with the expenses ratio show that the premiums include a safety margin and that safety margin is more than one-and-a-half times the standard deviation of the claims ratio in the reference period. In such a case the amounts in question shall be multiplied by the quotient or one-and-a-half times the standard deviation and the safety margin.
Collapse


 


To report site rules violations or get help, contact a site moderator:


You can also contact site staff by submitting a support request »

我想做个二级打工仔






TM-Town
Manage your TMs and Terms ... and boost your translation business

Are you ready for something fresh in the industry? TM-Town is a unique new site for you -- the freelance translator -- to store, manage and share translation memories (TMs) and glossaries...and potentially meet new clients on the basis of your prior work.

More info »
Trados Business Manager Lite
Create customer quotes and invoices from within Trados Studio

Trados Business Manager Lite helps to simplify and speed up some of the daily tasks, such as invoicing and reporting, associated with running your freelance translation business.

More info »