Administradores Conjuntos
English translation: Joint Directors
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| 18:40 Jan 14, 2006 |
| Spanish to English translations [PRO] Law/Patents - Law (general) / Articles of Incorporation/Corporate Bylaws | |||||||
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|  Selected response from: Rebecca Jowers Spain Local time: 03:46 | ||||||
Grading comment
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| Summary of answers provided | ||||
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| 5 +2 | Joint Directors |
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| 5 | Joint Administrators |
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| 5 | Administrative Partners |
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| 4 +1 | info - not for grading |
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| 4 | Joint (Administrative) Committee |
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| 4 | Administrative Body |
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Answers
6 mins confidence: 
Joint Administrators Explanation: PricewaterhouseCoopers - [ Traduzca esta página ] Since their appointment on 8 April 2005 the joint administrators of ... The joint administrators outlined a plan which envisaged up to four months ... www.ukmediacentre.pwc.com/content/ detail.asp?ReleaseID=1445&NewsAreaID=2 - 14k - En caché - Páginas similares PricewaterhouseCoopers - [ Traduzca esta página ] As announced on Monday this week, the joint administrators of MG Rover Group ... The joint administrators will hold a press conference this afternoon 15 ... www.ukmediacentre.pwc.com/content/ detail.asp?ReleaseID=1414&NewsAreaID=2 - 15k - En caché - Páginas similares [ Más resultados de www.ukmediacentre.pwc.com ] |
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12 mins confidence: 
Joint (Administrative) Committee Explanation: quizá para diferenciarlo del Joint Administration, esta podría ser una opción. |
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16 mins confidence:
Administrative Body Explanation: If you wish to avoid repeating Joint this would be a possible alternative. |
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1 hr confidence:
Administrative Partners Explanation: the difference is between 2 people or more |
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5 hrs confidence: peer agreement (net): +1
peer agreement (net): +1info - not for grading Explanation: This is in support of Rebecca's answer. If you look at the following site, you'll see that Administradores Solidarios are defined as Joint and Several Directors, i.e. two or more directors who make take decisions either jointly or severally. Administradores Conjuntos, or Mancomunados, are Joint Directors who may only act jointly. www.dlapiper.com/.../9f672f84-e9ce-41e1-8463-2aadc838502d/A... (end of page 2/top of page 3) -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 5 hrs 36 mins (2006-01-15 00:17:21 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- Sorry, the link doesn't work. The article refers to the management structure of Spanish SAs and Sociedades Limitadas, and the relevant bits are indicated above. |
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17 mins confidence: peer agreement (net): +2
peer agreement (net): +2Joint Directors Explanation: In answer to your question, generically "administradores conjuntos" is usually translated as "joint directors," while "administradores solidarios" are "joint and several directors." The other two options listed are "sole director" ("administrador único) and "board of directors" ("consejo de administración"). -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 1 hr 42 mins (2006-01-14 20:22:41 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- To address cmwilliams' comment: joint and several liability does not only apply to partnerships but rather is a generic concept, and in Spain may be exercised or incurred by, for example, various directors of a company, as evidenced in the text quoted above. If you are implying that in English law only the partners in a partnership can incur joint and several liability, here are some examples that I believe indicate that joint and several liability may be exercised or incurred in a variety of legal relationships (all are UK sources): 1) A publication on the UK Department of Trade website that explains different forms of joint and several liability of directors: The advantage of proportional liability (over the current joint and several liability) is that the quantum assigned to individual directors (and in particular the non-executives) is reduced and they are not expected to contribute to the losses awarded against rogue CEOs. ...the current system of joint and several liability will increasingly become an impediment to selecting and retaining the best individuals. www.dti.gov.uk/cld/non_exec_review/pdfs/icaew34questions.pd... 2) Also from the DTI webpage, a "Draft Model Constitution for Private Companies Limited by Shares" which addresses the problem of the "joint and several liability of joint holders of a share" a model constitution that is accessible to the directors and members of small companies. ... R14 Joint and several liability of joint holders of a share ... www.dti.gov.uk/cld/final_report/ch_17.pdf 3) A publication from Companies House concerning European Economic Interest Groupings explaining that one of the disadvantages of EEIG's is the unlimited joint and several liability of their members www.companieshouse.gov.uk/about/pdf/gb04.pdf 4) A UK Government DEFRA (Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs) report on the Proposal for an EU Directive on Environmental Liability 23. Member States can choose between a joint-and-several or proportionate liability approach to cases where there is more than one liable party. www.defra.gov.uk/environment/consult/liability2/pdf/eu_env_... If you search UK government websites (".gov.uk") I believe you will find many more examples showing that the concept of "joint and several liability" is not only limited to partnerships. -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 1 hr 53 mins (2006-01-14 20:33:45 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- Here is an explanation of the joint and several liability ("responsabilidad solidaria") incurred by directors of a "sociedad anónima" (public limited company) in Spain: ADMINISTRADORES RESPONSABLES-Los órganos de gobierno de la sociedad anónima, que asumen el poder ejecutivo de la misma, responden frente a la sociedad, frente a los accionistas y frente a los acreedores sociales por los actos realizados por dicho órgano que sean contrarios a la ley o a los estatutos, o por los actos negligentes que, en todo caso, causen daño a la compañía. Es una responsabilidad solidaria que recae sobre todos los administradores, incluso el ausente en la reunión donde se tomó el acuerdo lesivo y el que se abstiene en la votación. Para liberarse de la responsabilidad, hay que demostrar el desconocimiento, la oposición expresa o el intento de evitar el daño. Ley de Sociedades Anónimas, artículo 133. (Diccionario de Derecho Bosch, Barcelona, 1995) -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 4 hrs 36 mins (2006-01-14 23:17:19 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- I would like to add a comment to Edward Tully's observation that this "refers to partners." The term "socio" in Spanish may indeed refer to partners in a partnership (in Spain there are three types of partnerships: "Sociedad (Regular) Colectiva" (general partnership); "Sociedad en Compandita" (or) "Sociedad Comanditaria" (limited partnership) and "Sociedad en Comandita por Acciones" (partnership limited by shares). But the members of a "sociedad (de responsabilidad) limitada" (limited liability company) are also called "socios" since by law they cannot be called "accionistas," and although the asker does not openly state that this text refers to a "sociedad limitada", the text itself indicates that the "sociedad" in question is a "sociedad limitada" rather than a partnership. In that regard, Article 57 of the Spanish Limited Liability Companies Law (Ley 2/1995, de 23 de marzo, de Sociedades de Responsabilidad Limitada) provides for four "Modos de organizar la administración" of a limited liability company: 1)administración conferida a un solo administrador; 2) administración conferida a varios administradores que actúen solidariamente; 3)administración conferida a varios administradores que actúen conjuntamente; and 4)adminstración conferida a un Consejo de Administración. http://noticias.juridicas.com/base_datos/Privado/l2-1995.htm... This legal provision is practically copied verbatim in the text above, which appears to be an article from the "estatutos" of a limited liability company. In other respects, there are additional indications that this refers to a "sociedad limitada" (rather than a partnership) in the other questions posted by donovan, such as the fact that the holdings are called "participaciones sociales" rather than shares, the indication that "no podrán llamarse acciones," and the references to "empresa matriz" and "empresa filial," which partnerships do not have. -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 1 day 33 mins (2006-01-15 19:13:24 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- I have had a chance to read the document to which cmwilliams referred: "10 FAQs--Acquiring a Business in Spain" published by the DLA Piper law firm. http://www.dlapiper.com/Home.aspx then enter "Publications", then Spain I am mentioning this again, since I believe it has information and terminology that might help donovan answer some of the other questions he posted and, in general, prove useful when translating the "estatutos" of an S.L. Here is the paragraph that pertains to the text above: "There are several options for the management structure of both SAs and SLs, each of which is mutually exclusive: Sole Director or "Administrador Unico". This is often the preferred structure where important decisions need to be taken relatively quickly and easily, and where a trusted individual is available in Spain; or Joint Directors or "Administradores Mancomunados" (directors who may only act jointly). This may be appropriate where unanimity of decision-making is required; or Joint and Several Directors or "Administradores Solidarios" (two or more directors who may take decisions either jointly or severally); or Board of Directors or "Consejo de Administración" (not less than three directors), jointly voting on the relevant resolutions. In this case, a company secretary must also be appointed. Board resolutions may be adopted in writing. Meetings may be held by means of telecommunication methods." |
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