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zonas de entoscamiento

English translation: areas of calcrete / caliche development

GLOSSARY ENTRY (DERIVED FROM QUESTION BELOW)
Spanish term or phrase:zonas de entoscamiento
English translation:areas of calcrete / caliche development
Entered by: jmf

17:49 Apr 8, 2016
Spanish to English translations [PRO]
Science - Geology / Argentina
Spanish term or phrase: zonas de entoscamiento
Sección hidrogeológica Pampeana
Constituida por los sedimentos pampeanos que afloran al norte del Polo Petroquímico de Bahía Blanca y se extienden en todo el subsuelo del mismo, ubicándoselos en la costa a una profundidad cercana a los 15 m. Esta unidad se encuentra ampliamente distribuida en toda la región en posición aflorante o subaflorante y su espesor total alcanza los 150 m. Litológicamente son sedimentos loéssicos cementados por carbonato de calcio, presentando zonas de entoscamiento que los tipifican. Dada la complejidad de los procesos sedimentarios que le dieron origen, son frecuentes las anisotropías hidrolitológicas locales dando lugar a una alternancia de niveles acuíferos-acuitardos (sistema multicapa) cuyo hidroapoyo es difícil de determinar dado el pasaje transicional de estos sedimentos a las formaciones miocénicas subyacentes.
jmf
United States
Local time: 02:13
areas of calcrete / caliche development
Explanation:
Obviously "entoscamiento" comes from "tosca"; the question is, what is tosca?

There is a lot of confusion about the terminology of calcium carbonate minerals. There are certainly sources that treat tufa and tosca as the same thing. This may be true in Spain. In Argentina, however, they are not the same thing, though they are quite closely related.

Tufa, also known as toba calcárea in Spanish, is a very porous form of limestone "formed by the precipitation of carbonate minerals from ambient temperature water bodies". It is very similar to travertine.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tufa
https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toba_calcárea

However, tosca, in Argentina, is a calcium carbonate hardpan, formed by replacement of existing soil or subsoil by calcium carbonate deposited from ground water. In English, it is called calcrete or caliche.

Here are definitions from an Argentine (University of Buenos Aires) document on sedimentary rocks:

"Travertino: Esta compuesto por carbonato de calcio. Presenta una estructura bandeada característica y es muy porosa. Se forma por la precipitación de esta sustancia mineral en vertientes y fuentes termales.
Tufa: Es similar a la anterior, pero de estructura más porosa y menos bandeada.
Caliche o tosca: Se compone principalmente por carbonato de calcio. Tiene aspecto terroso, concrecional, macizo o bandeado. Se forma tanto en la superficie del suelo o subsuelo por evaporación de las aguas subterráneas que ascienden por capilaridad inducida en clima áridos y semiáridos."
http://introgeo.gl.fcen.uba.ar/Introduccion/Tprocasyestrucse... (p. 11)

More definitions from Argentina, referring specifically to the area in this ST:

"El término “tosca” se refiere a una roca sedimentaria química, epigénica cuyo componente principal es el carbonato de calcio. En términos generales se forma en la superficie del suelo o subsuelo por evaporación de las aguas subterráneas que ascienden por capilaridad inducida en climas áridos y semiáridos (Dristas y Frisicale, 1978; Goudie, 1983; Zárate, 1985; Imbellone y Teruggi, 1986; Nash, 2004; Gutiérrez Elorza, 2008). Es común en el sur de la llanura pampeana y en el área periférica de la ciudad de Bahía Blanca encontrar mantos de tosca a escasos metros de profundidad o aflorando en superficie."
http://www.gesig-proeg.com.ar/documentos/revista-geosig/2012... (p. 267 [p. 3 of file], n. 1)

The following is from an Argentine thesis on "tosca":

"En la Republica Argentina, se reconoce con el término “tosca” a una acumulación de carbonato de calcio compactado con marcado grado de endurecimiento que aparece en la zona meridional y suroeste de la región pampeana, presentando diferentes espesores los cuales oscilan entre pocos centímetros y más de tres metros y profundidades que varían entre los 0 y 250 centímetros. Es equivalente al calcrete o caliche en idioma inglés y a las crôutes calcaires del francés. (Giai y Visconti, 2002)"
http://bibliotecadigital.uca.edu.ar/repositorio/tesis/descri...

On caliche/calcrete:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caliche

"There is a general lack of consistency with the terminology used in relation to calcretes. Terms found in the international literature to describe the same material, though with varying definitions, include: “surface limestone” and “calcareous duricrust” (general), “caliche” (USA), “kankar” (East Africa, India, Australia), “kurkar” (Israel), “jiglin” (Nigeria), “tosca” (Argentina and Spain), “encroȗtements calcaires” (North Africa – Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco)."
http://r4d.dfid.gov.uk/PDF/Outputs/AfCap/Calcrete-Mapping-Te...

This fits your context, because the "entoscamiento" is at the surface or subsurface.
Selected response from:

Charles Davis
Spain
Local time: 08:13
Grading comment
Thanks so much, this was very helpful!
4 KudoZ points were awarded for this answer



Summary of answers provided
4 +4areas of calcrete / caliche development
Charles Davis
4areas/zones of tufa development
Konstantin Lakshin


  

Answers


53 mins   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5
areas/zones of tufa development


Explanation:
Note: tufa (sedimentary rock) NOT tuff (a very different volcanic rock).

Konstantin Lakshin
United States
Local time: 00:13
Works in field
Native speaker of: Native in RussianRussian

Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
neutral  philgoddard: You haven't explained how you arrived at this, or given any references. Tufa is toba in Spanish.
47 mins
Login to enter a peer comment (or grade)

2 hrs   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5 peer agreement (net): +4
areas of calcrete / caliche development


Explanation:
Obviously "entoscamiento" comes from "tosca"; the question is, what is tosca?

There is a lot of confusion about the terminology of calcium carbonate minerals. There are certainly sources that treat tufa and tosca as the same thing. This may be true in Spain. In Argentina, however, they are not the same thing, though they are quite closely related.

Tufa, also known as toba calcárea in Spanish, is a very porous form of limestone "formed by the precipitation of carbonate minerals from ambient temperature water bodies". It is very similar to travertine.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tufa
https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toba_calcárea

However, tosca, in Argentina, is a calcium carbonate hardpan, formed by replacement of existing soil or subsoil by calcium carbonate deposited from ground water. In English, it is called calcrete or caliche.

Here are definitions from an Argentine (University of Buenos Aires) document on sedimentary rocks:

"Travertino: Esta compuesto por carbonato de calcio. Presenta una estructura bandeada característica y es muy porosa. Se forma por la precipitación de esta sustancia mineral en vertientes y fuentes termales.
Tufa: Es similar a la anterior, pero de estructura más porosa y menos bandeada.
Caliche o tosca: Se compone principalmente por carbonato de calcio. Tiene aspecto terroso, concrecional, macizo o bandeado. Se forma tanto en la superficie del suelo o subsuelo por evaporación de las aguas subterráneas que ascienden por capilaridad inducida en clima áridos y semiáridos."
http://introgeo.gl.fcen.uba.ar/Introduccion/Tprocasyestrucse... (p. 11)

More definitions from Argentina, referring specifically to the area in this ST:

"El término “tosca” se refiere a una roca sedimentaria química, epigénica cuyo componente principal es el carbonato de calcio. En términos generales se forma en la superficie del suelo o subsuelo por evaporación de las aguas subterráneas que ascienden por capilaridad inducida en climas áridos y semiáridos (Dristas y Frisicale, 1978; Goudie, 1983; Zárate, 1985; Imbellone y Teruggi, 1986; Nash, 2004; Gutiérrez Elorza, 2008). Es común en el sur de la llanura pampeana y en el área periférica de la ciudad de Bahía Blanca encontrar mantos de tosca a escasos metros de profundidad o aflorando en superficie."
http://www.gesig-proeg.com.ar/documentos/revista-geosig/2012... (p. 267 [p. 3 of file], n. 1)

The following is from an Argentine thesis on "tosca":

"En la Republica Argentina, se reconoce con el término “tosca” a una acumulación de carbonato de calcio compactado con marcado grado de endurecimiento que aparece en la zona meridional y suroeste de la región pampeana, presentando diferentes espesores los cuales oscilan entre pocos centímetros y más de tres metros y profundidades que varían entre los 0 y 250 centímetros. Es equivalente al calcrete o caliche en idioma inglés y a las crôutes calcaires del francés. (Giai y Visconti, 2002)"
http://bibliotecadigital.uca.edu.ar/repositorio/tesis/descri...

On caliche/calcrete:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caliche

"There is a general lack of consistency with the terminology used in relation to calcretes. Terms found in the international literature to describe the same material, though with varying definitions, include: “surface limestone” and “calcareous duricrust” (general), “caliche” (USA), “kankar” (East Africa, India, Australia), “kurkar” (Israel), “jiglin” (Nigeria), “tosca” (Argentina and Spain), “encroȗtements calcaires” (North Africa – Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco)."
http://r4d.dfid.gov.uk/PDF/Outputs/AfCap/Calcrete-Mapping-Te...

This fits your context, because the "entoscamiento" is at the surface or subsurface.

Charles Davis
Spain
Local time: 08:13
Native speaker of: English
PRO pts in category: 76
Grading comment
Thanks so much, this was very helpful!

Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
agree  philgoddard
1 hr
  -> Thanks, Phil.
agree  Konstantin Lakshin: It looks like you are right, and I got it wrong.
4 hrs
  -> Thanks very much, Konstantin! It's very confusing, and I think it's a regional thing, because in Spain tosca apparently does mean tufa (at least sometimes) and in the Canary Islands it seems to mean tuff (toba volcánica)!
agree  bigedsenior: nice job! we now have glossary of all these related terms
4 hrs
  -> Many thanks! It's quite a headache, and I think there are regional variations in usage (which very often happens).
agree  patinba
1 day 46 mins
  -> Thanks, Pat!
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