private attorney general action

Dutch translation: ‘private attorney general’-procedure

GLOSSARY ENTRY (DERIVED FROM QUESTION BELOW)
English term or phrase:private attorney general action
Dutch translation:‘private attorney general’-procedure
Entered by: Lianne van de Ven

12:02 Jun 10, 2016
English to Dutch translations [PRO]
Law/Patents - Law: Contract(s)
English term or phrase: private attorney general action
Originele zin: Neither you nor XXX shall seek to have any dispute heard as a class action, jury trial, private attorney general action, or in any other proceeding in which either party acts, or proposes to act, in a representative capacity.

Het is een algmeen voorkomende constructie, hier bijv. in bredere context [onder 5 (c)] (afstand van collectieve vordering):
https://tjx.mycompliancemanager.com/documents/TJX_Your_Voice...

Referenties:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_attorney_general
http://www.cafalawblog.com/case-summaries/private-attorney-s...

Hier wordt het ivm Microsoft/XBox onder 20d onvertaald gelaten:
"Verklaring van afstand met betrekking tot class action. Alle stappen om een geschil op te lossen of aanhangig te maken worden slechts op individuele basis genomen. Noch u, noch Microsoft laat een geschil als class action, private attorney general action of ander proces behandelen waarin een van beide partijen als vertegenwoordiger van een groep optreedt of voorstelt op te treden. Abitrages of overige procedures worden niet gecombineerd met andere arbitrages of procedures zonder de voorafgaande schriftelijke toestemming van alle partijen in de desbetreffende arbitrages of procedures."
http://support.xbox.com/nl-NL/my-account/warranty-and-servic...

Enige suggesties voor een Nederlandse vertaling?
Lianne van de Ven
United States
Local time: 02:28
‘Private Attorney General’ procedure
Explanation:
Zie mijn Dell/Nest Reference comments.
Selected response from:

Michael Beijer
United Kingdom
Local time: 07:28
Grading comment
Ben weinig bekend met TAUS dus daar moet ik ook eens achteraan.
4 KudoZ points were awarded for this answer



Summary of answers provided
3 +1‘Private Attorney General’ procedure
Michael Beijer
3qui tam-zaak; qui tam-procedure
Kitty Brussaard
Summary of reference entries provided
procureur-generaal
Barend van Zadelhoff
refs
Michael Beijer

Discussion entries: 5





  

Answers


8 mins   confidence: Answerer confidence 3/5Answerer confidence 3/5 peer agreement (net): +1
‘Private Attorney General’ procedure


Explanation:
Zie mijn Dell/Nest Reference comments.

Michael Beijer
United Kingdom
Local time: 07:28
Specializes in field
Native speaker of: Native in EnglishEnglish
PRO pts in category: 16
Grading comment
Ben weinig bekend met TAUS dus daar moet ik ook eens achteraan.

Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
agree  Kitty Brussaard: Dit is uiteraard ook een mogelijkheid. Spelling moet in dat geval wel zijn: 'private attorney general'-procedure. (Dus met een verbindingsstreepje en wat mij betreft zonder de beginhoofdletters.)
1 day 4 hrs
  -> 'private attorney general'-procedure ziet er inderdaad een stuk beter uit, bedankt!
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1 day 4 hrs   confidence: Answerer confidence 3/5Answerer confidence 3/5
qui tam-zaak; qui tam-procedure


Explanation:
As far as I can see, this is about so-called 'qui tam litigation' under the US False Claims Act.

See the following information:
http://tinyurl.com/zwtgdup

Taxpayer in Trade or Business of Being a “Private Attorney General”

A district court held that a taxpayer who prosecuted an action against his former employer for false claims under the False Claims Act (FCA), 31 U.S.C. Sections 3729 3733, was in the business of prosecuting the FCA lawsuit and providing services to the government in prosecuting the lawsuit (or as the taxpayer described it, performing services as a “private attorney general”). Therefore, he was entitled to deduct his legal fees from the suit as ordinary and necessary business expenses. (...)
Bagley was laid off from TRW in 1993. After looking for employment for about a year, he filed a wrongful termination suit against TRW in mid-1994, which he lost. In November 1994, he filed an FCA lawsuit (commonly called a qui tam suit) on behalf of himself as relator and on behalf of the United States. He later filed a second qui tam suit.
http://www.thetaxadviser.com/issues/2013/oct/taxtrends-oct20...

In common law, a writ of qui tam is a writ whereby a private individual who assists a prosecution can receive all or part of any penalty imposed. Its name is an abbreviation of the Latin phrase qui tam pro domino rege quam pro se ipso in hac parte sequitur, meaning "[he] who sues in this matter for the king as well as for himself."
(...)
The False Claims Act (31 U.S.C. §§ 3729–3733, also called the "Lincoln Law") is an American federal law which allows people who are not affiliated with the government to file actions against federal contractors claiming fraud against the government. The act of filing such actions is informally called "whistleblowing." Persons filing under the Act stand to receive a portion (usually about 15-25 percent) of any recovered damages. The Act provides a legal tool to counteract fraudulent billings turned in to the Federal Government. Claims under the law have been filed by persons with insider knowledge of false claims which have typically involved health care, military, or other government spending programs.

The provision allows a private person, known as a "relator," to bring a lawsuit on behalf of the United States, where the private detective or other person has information that the named defendant has knowingly submitted or caused the submission of false or fraudulent claims to the United States. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qui_tam


In de Verenigde Staten kunnen particulieren een procedure beginnen tegen fraudeurs onder het motto qui tam pro domino rege quam pro se ipso in hac parte sequitur. Ofwel: ‘wie procedeert voor de koning als ook voor zichzelf’. Als burgers de officier van justitie een handzaam dossier aanleveren krijgen zij vijftien procent van de opbrengst van de procedure. Brengen zij de procedure zelf tot een goed einde dan kan de provisie oplopen tot dertig procent.

Emily Knoob, hoofd van de postkamer bij een ziekenfonds in Illinois, streek in een qui tam-procedure een beloning van 29 miljoen dollar op. Artsenbezoeker David Franklin kreeg een beloning van 26,6 miljoen dollar, omdat hij de misleidende claims van farmaceut Pfizer over de werking van geneesmiddel neurontin openlijk aan de kaak stelde.
https://www.accountant.nl/magazines/de-accountant-mei-2008/v...



http://typo3.vara.nl/Item.2654.0.html?tx_ttnews[tt_news]=570...



Kitty Brussaard
Netherlands
Local time: 08:28
Specializes in field
Native speaker of: Native in DutchDutch
PRO pts in category: 161
Notes to answerer
Asker: Hartelijk dank voor deze bijdrage! Dit kan best het juiste antwoord zijn, maar ik heb er onvoldoende inzicht in en snap niet helemaal hoe je bij de US False Claims Act kwam, dus ik heb voor de veiligste oplossing gekozen.

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Reference comments


23 hrs peer agreement (net): +1
Reference: procureur-generaal

Reference information:
(d) Geen collectieve acties. Er is geen juridische basis of erkenning in deze arbitragesectie voor claims op collectieve of geconsolideerde basis of op bases waarbij claims worden ingediend in een vermeende hoedanigheid als vertegenwoordiger van het grote publiek (inclusief, maar niet beperkt tot, claims door een particuliere procureur-generaal).

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Note added at 23 hrs (2016-06-11 11:58:55 GMT)
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https://nest.com/nl/legal/sales-terms/

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Note added at 1 day3 hrs (2016-06-11 15:43:15 GMT)
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I don't know.
And I have no time, and may lack the expertise, to find out about it.

We have a literal translation.
If this is considered to be inappropriate another translation is to be found, either an existing one or a first-in-class solution with you being the pioneer translator.

If your translation was incapable of sufficiently capturing the content of the source expression you might add the English expression between brackets.

Barend van Zadelhoff
Netherlands
Native speaker of: Native in DutchDutch
PRO pts in category: 20

Peer comments on this reference comment (and responses from the reference poster)
agree  Michael Beijer: I get only two Google hits for the term "particuliere procureur-generaal". see also https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_attorney_general / OK! // denk het niet. liever Engels tussen aanhalingstekens, plus uitleg tussen haakjes
6 mins
  -> Just mention it. I have seen the Wiki of course; attorney-general = procureur-generaal. "particuliere procureur-generaal" makes sense. // Misschien is er een betere vertaling dan een letterlijke vertaling. //See above, my friend. :-)
neutral  Kitty Brussaard: We have a literal translation... Inderdaad niet echt bruikbaar zonder verdere toelichting of zonder vermelding van de EN term (zoals je ook zelf al opmerkt).
4 hrs
  -> Je hebt slechts hooguit 1/3 van mijn opmerking gelezen. Het is nou alsof ik een fan zou zijn van die oplossing; het moet niet gekker worden. :-)
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4 mins peer agreement (net): +1
Reference: refs

Reference information:
found this in a big DELL .TMX (from my TAUS collection):

NEITHER CUSTOMER NOR DELL SHALL BE ENTITLED TO JOIN OR CONSOLIDATE CLAIMS BY OR AGAINST OTHER CUSTOMERS, OR ARBITRATE ANY CLAIM AS A REPRESENTATIVE OR CLASS ACTION OR IN A PRIVATE ATTORNEY GENERAL CAPACITY.
=
HET IS DE KLANT EN DELL NIET TOEGESTAAN GEZAMENLIJK VORDERINGEN DOOR OF TEGEN ANDERE KLANTEN IN TE DIENEN OF VORDERINGEN TE BEOORDELEN ALS RECHTSVERTEGENWOORDIGERS, IN GEZAMENLIJKE PROCEDURES OF IN DE ROL VAN "PRIVATE ATTORNEY GENERAL".

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Note added at 6 mins (2016-06-10 12:09:00 GMT)
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zie ook:

"(e) Geen class arbitrage. De arbiter zal alleen schadevergoeding toewijzen ten gunste van de individuele partij die verhaal instelt en alleen voor zover nodig is voor het verhaal in de individuele claim van die partij. U EN NEST KOMEN OVEREEN DAT ELKE PARTIJ ALLEEN CLAIMS IN KAN STELLEN TEGEN DE ANDERE IN UW OF HAAR INDIVIDUELE HOEDANIGHEID, EN NIET ALS EEN EISER OF LID VAN EEN CLASS IN EEN CLASS, ‘REPRESENTATIVE’, OF ‘PRIVATE ATTORNEY GENERAL’ PROCEDURE. […]"

(https://nest.com/nl/legal/terms-of-service/ )

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Note added at 10 mins (2016-06-10 12:12:37 GMT)
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vergelijk bovenstaande NL Nest ref met:

"(e) No class arbitration. The arbitrator may award declaratory or injunctive relief only in favour of the individual party seeking relief and only to the extent necessary to provide relief warranted by that party's individual claim. YOU AND NEST AGREE THAT EACH MAY BRING CLAIMS AGAINST THE OTHER ONLY IN YOUR OR ITS INDIVIDUAL CAPACITY, AND NOT AS A PLAINTIFF OR CLASS MEMBER IN ANY PURPORTED CLASS, REPRESENTATIVE, OR PRIVATE ATTORNEY GENERAL PROCEEDING."

(https://nest.com/uk/legal/terms-of-service/ )

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Note added at 1 day4 mins (2016-06-11 12:06:14 GMT)
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see also: "Deze prikkels zijn voor professionele organisaties met welluidende namen als Public Interest Bounty Hunters en Taxpayers Against Fraud reden genoeg om met zoveel mogelijk klokkenluiders een pact te sluiten en zich vervolgens met man en macht in te zetten voor de handhaving van het recht en de bescherming van een ieders belastinggelden. Zie daar de gedachte van de 'private attorney general': de burger die de taak op zich neemt fraudeurs in rechte te vervolgen en zichzelf daarom tot advocaat van de overheid bombardeert. Niettegenstaande de aanduiding als 'particuliere officier van justitie' kan een qui tam-eiser alleen een civiele actie tot schadevergoeding instellen. Aangezien hij de overheid vertegenwoordigt, is hiervoor niet noodzakelijk dat hij zelf schade heeft geleden.(10) " (http://typo3.vara.nl/Item.2654.0.html?tx_ttnews[tt_news]=570... )

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"Private attorney general is an informal term usually used today in the United States to refer to a private attorney who brings a lawsuit considered to be in the public interest, i.e., benefiting the general public and not just the plaintiff, on behalf of a citizen or group of citizens.[1]

The attorney is considered a "private attorney general" and may, at the equitable discretion of the court, be entitled to recover attorney's fees if he or she prevails. The rationale behind this principle is to provide extra incentive to private attorneys to pursue suits that may be of benefit to society at large."

(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_attorney_general )

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Note added at 1 day3 hrs (2016-06-11 15:55:51 GMT)
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See also bottom of page: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_attorney_general

"See also: Qui tam, an analogous concept" (leading here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qui_tam )

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Note added at 1 day6 hrs (2016-06-11 18:38:27 GMT)
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"qui tam (noun):

A civil action brought under a criminal statute which allows a private individual to sue for a penalty both personally and on behalf of the Crown (government, or a specified public institution). Also in extended use: †a person who brings such an action, an informer (obsolete).

Origin:
Late 17th century. From post-classical Latin qui tam, the first words of the clause qui tam pro domino rege quam pro se ipso sequitur ‘who sues as well for the lord the king as for himself’ from classical Latin quī who + tam so much, to such a degree."

(http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/qui-tam... )

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Note added at 1 day6 hrs (2016-06-11 18:39:14 GMT)
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GARNER'S DICTIONARY OF LEGAL USAGE (online version via oxforddictionaries.com):

qui tam

[L. “who as well”] = an action under a statute that allows a private person to sue for a penalty, part of which the government or some specified public institution will receive. Etymologically speaking, the plaintiff is a suitor “who as well” sues for the state. E.g.:

• “The False Claims Act … includes provisions allowing private citizens to bring civil suits on behalf of the government. They're based on a principle called qui tam.”Rick Wartzman & Paul M. Barrett, For Whistle-Blowers, Tune May Change, Wall St. J., 27 Sept. 1989, at B1.
• “A statutory qui tam action is one brought against a public official to recover a penalty (treble damages) for the commission of injurious acts or for a failure to act in obedience to some duty.”State v. Town of Canute, 858 P.2d 436, 440–41 (Okla. 1993) (Opala, J., dissenting).

Qui tam lawsuits originated in the 13th century—when private persons would seek to protect the king's interest—and were embodied in statutes during the 15th century. In the U.S., qui tam lawsuits have

“been in existence … ever since the foundation of our government.”
Marvin v. Trout, 199 U.S. 212, 225 (1905) (per Peckham, J.).

They are usually reported as being in the name of the government ex rel. (= on the relation of) the private citizen. See "ex rel."

(http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/secondary/garner_dict_lega... )

Michael Beijer
United Kingdom
Specializes in field
Native speaker of: Native in EnglishEnglish
PRO pts in category: 16
Note to reference poster
Asker: Dank je. Het lijkt een iets andere context, wat goed is ter vergelijking. Helaas vind ik die laatste paar woorden nogal vaag.

Asker: Na je toevoeging: het lijkt er dus op dat het onvertaald wordt gelaten.


Peer comments on this reference comment (and responses from the reference poster)
agree  Kitty Brussaard: This seems to be closely related to the US False Claims Act and to reporting fraud through a so-called 'qui tam procedure'. / In fact, I think 'qui tam-(rechts)zaak' or 'qui tam-procedure' could be used safely here.
1 day 2 hrs
  -> Thanks!
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