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Explanation: There are certain contexts in wich I think tightening could be used in the plural. These would be instanes like: How many tightenings are needed? or How many tightenings will it take to ...?
This limited use is to refer to several separate acts or events of tightening as shown in the examples below:
SEVERAL ACTS
"After hand-tightening, I set up my Nikon N80 with a 28-105mm lens (total weight ~33 oz.) for a portrait shot (vertical), and the camera did a nose-dive; it rotated to point downward. I had to use a coin in the slot of the mounting screw to tighten it, but the coin wears out the plastic, so I'm not sure how many tightenings it will survive." http://www.photographyreview.com/cat/tripods/tripods/velbon/...
SEVERAL ACTS
What kind of points are on the setscrews? Are you turning
the setscrews angularly or by torquing? Are you
replacing the setscrews after so many tightenings?
There are so many unknowns which make this interesting
and not simple. http://www.eng-tips.com/viewthread.cfm?qid=53780
SEVERAL EVENTS
Braxton-Hicks Contractions:
These are essentially painless uterine tightenings sometimes
called practice contractions.
They do NOT come at regular intervals that can be
timed, i.e., five minutes apart.
Stop what you are doing, take a few deep breaths, and
wait for it to pass. http://health.tn.gov/infantmortality/PDFs/Third_Trimester_Ye...
Dear Stefanie & Charles,
Thank you very much for your useful ideas. You are English native speakers, whereas English is my second language, what I said is what I learnt in books, so I need some more comments from English native speakers.
Best regards
Thank you for the further context. I think that is the type of use that Charles and I are both referring to, where it is common and acceptable to use tightenings. These are countable acts of tightening - not a subsitute for fastenings as a type of thing/concrete object.
in this cas it is used as a noun. Automatc screw drivers are used to fasten a number of joints with screws. In the manual of the screw driver the word "tigtenings" is used for the number of work cycles of the tool.
Consider, for example, a screw that is repeatedly tightened and then removed. You could say that after many tightenings, the hole becomes enlarged and the screw becomes loose. Here is a similar case:
"Unfortunately, the plastic screw can't stand too many tightenings before it breaks" http://forums.dpreview.com/forums/readflat.asp?forum=1010&me...
If you were determined at all costs to avoid using "tightenings", it could be done; you could say "the screw can't stand being tightened too many times". But there is nothing wrong with the statement as quoted.
Generally speaking, it is true that gerunds do not have plurals. The apparent exceptions tend to be cases which are not really gerunds but words of the same form used as count nouns, such as Jack's fastening (a device that fastens something) or feeling, for example. However, gerunds can become count nouns when they refer to occasions on which an action is performed or takes place. An occasion on which you are beaten is called a beating, and children used to suffer regular beatings. In principle, if this can be done with the verb "beat", there is no logical reason why it should not be done with the verb "tighten".
"Tightenings" is a very well established usage in the sense of uterine tightenings in pregnancy, similar to, but not the same as, contractions. It is no use objecting that people shouldn't say this; they do, and they are not going to stop. The word is needed.
I suspect that you are interested in whether "tightenings" can be used in other contexts. In principle, a tightening could be an occasion on which something is tightened, such as a screw, and so you could speak of a number of tightenings. I don't see why not.
They are quite right - there is no plural form. If you can give us the sentence it comes in, perhaps we can help you construct the translated sentence so that you don't feel you are missing the terminal -s.
Automatic update in 00:
Answers
1 hr confidence: peer agreement (net): +2
tightening
Explanation: "tightening" is a gerund (verb+ing). It is an uncountable noun, so it has no "s" in plural form
Example sentence(s):
We have much tightening (don't say "We have many tightenings")
How much skin tightening can I expect with this lotion?
Pham Huu Phuoc Vietnam Local time: 08:04 Specializes in field Native speaker of: Vietnamese
5 hrs confidence: peer agreement (net): +1
tightenings
Explanation: There are certain contexts in wich I think tightening could be used in the plural. These would be instanes like: How many tightenings are needed? or How many tightenings will it take to ...?
This limited use is to refer to several separate acts or events of tightening as shown in the examples below:
SEVERAL ACTS
"After hand-tightening, I set up my Nikon N80 with a 28-105mm lens (total weight ~33 oz.) for a portrait shot (vertical), and the camera did a nose-dive; it rotated to point downward. I had to use a coin in the slot of the mounting screw to tighten it, but the coin wears out the plastic, so I'm not sure how many tightenings it will survive." http://www.photographyreview.com/cat/tripods/tripods/velbon/...
SEVERAL ACTS
What kind of points are on the setscrews? Are you turning
the setscrews angularly or by torquing? Are you
replacing the setscrews after so many tightenings?
There are so many unknowns which make this interesting
and not simple. http://www.eng-tips.com/viewthread.cfm?qid=53780
SEVERAL EVENTS
Braxton-Hicks Contractions:
These are essentially painless uterine tightenings sometimes
called practice contractions.
They do NOT come at regular intervals that can be
timed, i.e., five minutes apart.
Stop what you are doing, take a few deep breaths, and
wait for it to pass. http://health.tn.gov/infantmortality/PDFs/Third_Trimester_Ye...
Stephanie Ezrol United States Local time: 21:04 Native speaker of: English PRO pts in category: 15
Grading comment
Now I have enough info. to continue writing "tihtenings". Thank you all.