There are good arguments for maintaining the formal rule that compound preposed adjectives should be hyphenated, though there is an increasing tendency to omit the hyphen(s). This, it seems to me, is part of a general trend towards reducing punctuation, which, if applied uncritically, can impair clarity, as has been said.
As for patents, for obvious practical reasons there can be restrictions on the use of certain characters (including sometimes hyphens) in specific fields subject to computer search, but I don't think there's a general ban on hyphens in the description. Here's an example in a US patent, for what it's worth:
"The present invention relates to a device and method to assist in regulating a diet and more specifically to a portable,
easy-to-use device and method to calculate and track the number of calories from each of several food groups consumed in a day."
http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/5382165/description.html