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sharab


08:02 Nov 27, 2007Login or register (free) for more options.
English to Chinese translations [Non-PRO]
Religion
English term or phrase: sharab
Tibetan name or something related with Tibetan food?
jimsong


Summary of answers provided
4 +1舍利别Huijun Suo


  

Answers


2 hrs   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5 peer agreement (net): +1
舍利别


Explanation:
起源于阿拉伯的一种糖浆制剂或果实浸剂,宋金时传入我国,时兴于元朝,至今流行于中亚、西亚。“因所取果品不同,具有不同性能与效用,大多具有某种治疗作用,但过量服用却可致病,中性者则可充作饮料。”文献上列为西域方剂或回回药方。音译有舍利别、沙刺必、舍里别、舍里八、砂哩别等。

http://www.guojia.net.cn/news/2007-2-12/guojia.net.cn2007212...
西域方药文献研究述要
元代宫廷饮膳太医忽思慧著有《饮膳正要》,此书主要为汉蒙族的药膳总结,但其中不乏西域方药的内容。如:“五味子舍利别。新北五味十斤,去子,水浸取汁,白沙糖八斤,炼净右件,一同熬成煎。”[26]“舍利别”即《回回药方》称之为“沙刺必”,宋岘释为“即果酒、果子露、露酒、汤、饮料等。此词源自阿拉伯语动词饮、喝(Sharab)。”[27]朱丹溪《局方发挥》云:“谓之舍利别者,皆取时果之液煎熬为饧而饮之。稠之甚者,调以沸汤,南人因名之曰煎。”

http://www.surag.net/viewArticle.do?method=viewArticle&id=40...
元代蒙古族营养学家忽思慧
外来方剂的传入在《饮膳正要》中也有反映。在中世纪的世界医学发展
史上,糖浆制剂、果实浸剂等是阿拉伯医生在药物实用领域中取得的重要成就,也是阿拉伯医药中习用的药剂。这类方剂宋金时即已传入我国,在元代,由于统治集团的喜爱,颇为时兴。《饮膳正要》卷二“诸般汤煎”节中即载有这类制剂近 20 种。这类制剂因所取果品不同,具有不同性能与效用,大多具有某种治疗作用,但过量服用却可致病,中性者则可充作饮料。如所载“五味子舍儿别”,系取新北五味子与白沙糖一同加工熬煎成。舍儿别又译舍利别、舍里别、舍里八、砂哩别等,为波斯语 sherbet 的音译(语源或来自拉丁文 syrup,药典译为“糖浆”)。成吉思汗时,撒麻耳干名医也里可温撒必,曾因进所制舍儿别医愈成吉思汗幼子拖雷病,而被授予答剌罕封号,并充任专司其法的“舍里八赤”一职。撒必外孙马薛里吉思尤精此术,至元五年(1268)奉元世祖召进舍儿别,获赏赉甚多,并获专司其职的金牌,并专为造舍儿别事赴云南,闽浙等地。当时可能因果品取用之便,其制造以东南沿海地区为甚,并作为地方贡物而源源不断输入中原,如据《至顺镇江志》、《续通考》等记载,元时镇江、泉州等路每年均向元廷进贡不少舍儿别。这类制剂元代以后仍见流传,如舍儿别,至清赵学敏所著《本草纲目拾遗》一书中尚有记载。

http://www.huizucn.com/bbs/viewthread.php?tid=22698
中国最早的糖浆制剂“sbarā bat”舍儿别
舍儿别,源自在波斯语中,sharā b指葡萄酒或果子酒,sbarā bat义为糖浆或果子露。详见陈高华:《舍儿别与舍儿别赤的再探讨》载《历史研究》1989年第2期.5B0S
元人忽思慧所撰《饮膳政要》,载有多种回回食物及烹调方法,其中的马思答吉汤和舍儿别等是一种名贵的饮料,为元宫廷、贵族所喜爱。“舍儿别”的种类很多,其区别主要在于所用的水果原料,制法大同小异:把水果加水、糖(或蜜)煮透,滤去渣滓,冷却,便得到色泽美丽、酸甜适口的“舍儿别”。这种饮料今天仍称为sharbat,流行于中亚、西亚。

http://www.xj169.com/food/desert/cyjq/2004/03/01159.htm
后期:发扬光大--元代宫廷中的“胡食”
还有一种名贵的饮料叫“舍儿别”,这是阿拉伯语sharbat的音译,指传统的阿拉伯果汁饮品。“舍儿别”的种类很多,其区别主要在于所用的水果原料,制法大同小异:把水果加水、糖(或蜜)煮透,滤去渣滓,冷却,便得到色泽美丽、酸甜适口的“舍儿别”。这种饮料今天仍称为sharbat,流行于中亚、西亚。




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Note added at 4 hrs (2007-11-27 12:17:24 GMT)
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有趣的是,英语中好几个词都来源于阿拉伯语动词“喝”(shariba)以及派生出的名词“饮料”(sharbah,复数 sharbāt),其中/sh/是模拟喝饮料时发出的声响。这些词有 syrup(糖浆,果子露,糖浆剂),sherbe(r)t(果汁牛奶冻,冰冻果子露),sorbet(冰糕,果汁冰水)。

http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=define: sherbet&btnG=Go...
Definitions of sherbet on the Web:

a frozen sweet made with fruit juice that originated in the Middle East almost before recorded history.
www.mcgacanola.org/CookingDictionaryS.html

Sherbet (Etymology: Turkish & Persian; Turkish şerbet, from Persian & Urdu sharbat, from Arabic sharba drink, Hindi sherbat) (British and American English) or Sherbert (Australian English and New Zealand English, also a variant used in American English) historically was a cool effervescent or ...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sherbet

Sherbet (often pronounced and even occasionally spelled sherbert in American English) is a frozen dessert made from iced sweetened fruit juice or puree. ...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sherbet (U.S.)

http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=define: sorbet&btnG=Goo...
Definitions of sorbet on the Web:

A frozen dessert made with fruit juice or another flavoring, a sweetener (usually sugar), and beaten egg whites, which prevent the formation of ...
www.newitalianrecipes.com/cooking-terms.html

Sorbet (or sorbetto, sorbeto) is a frozen dessert made from iced fruit puree and other ingredients. The term "sherbet" is derived from the Turkish word for "sorbet", şerbat which in turn comes from Arabic.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorbet

http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=define: syrup&btnG=Goog...
Definitions of syrup on the Web:

sugar dissolved in liquid, usually water; it is often flavored with spices or citrus zest.
www.mcgacanola.org/CookingDictionaryS.html

In cooking, a syrup (from Arabic '''' sharab, beverage, via Latin siropus'') is a thick, viscous liquid, containing a large amount of dissolved sugars, but showing little tendency to deposit crystals. ...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syrup




Huijun Suo
China
Local time: 20:39
Native speaker of: Native in ChineseChinese

Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
agree  karcsy: Impressive! But why not just call it '雪泥'?
5 hrs
  -> 谢谢。雪泥兼顾音义,感觉也很好,更有现代风味(但有时会让人产生误解),纯音译可突出其异域情调。
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