English to French translations [PRO]
Social Sciences - Government / Politics | | English term or phrase: Jumping scale | Am going through the list of scales (if you see my other questions, you will understand) ;)
Thanks in advance!
Context:
However, it is important to be clear that few argue that this fluidity is total (although see Mansfield, 2001). Scales and scalar arrangements are not only fluid and processual, they can also be routinized into relatively enduring and hegemonic structures for certain periods of time. Just because scale has no inherent or eternal characteristics does not mean that over a certain period scales cannot be associated with particular characteristics or social processes. The argument is that these characteristics and process are only temporarily (not inherently) associated with a particular scale, and that each scalar configuration must be continually reproduced through a political project. Even though we should expect a given scalar configuration—such as national scale state sovereignty—to be challenged and eventually overcome by other projects that imagine sovereignty at other scales, nevertheless a dominantly national-scale sovereignty can become hegemonic for a time, and this hegemony can have real and important effects on the exercise of political power. In this sense, scale is not only fluid, it is also fixed. Moreover, fixity and fluidity are related dialectically. Brenner (2001a, p. 37) in particular stresses this dialectical relation, arguing that any reorganization of scalar relationships (fluidity) takes place in the context of the current established structure (fixity). Neil Smith (1993) argues this point particularly strongly. His notion of ‘‘JUMPING SCALES’’ involves a political strategy to circumvent and challenge the present entrenched structure of scale. Groups at a disadvantage at one scale will pursue their aims at a different scale, hoping to turn the balance of power to their advantage. Often this strategy is undertaken by marginalized groups who do not benefit from the present scalar arrangements. Smith suggests that the present structure is not pregiven or eternal, but it is nevertheless real, and it does favor certain groups over others. |
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 GILLES MEUNIER
France
Local time: 13:32
| Grading comment Je suis d'accord, merci!
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