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refractivity

German translation: refraktäre Eigenschaft / Resistenz

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GLOSSARY ENTRY (DERIVED FROM QUESTION BELOW)

English term or phrase:	refractivity
German translation:	refraktäre Eigenschaft / Resistenz
Entered by:	Evchen

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10:12 Sep 25, 2007

English to German translations [PRO]
Science - Biology (-tech,-chem,micro-)

English term or phrase: refractivity

As used herein, the term "unresponsiveness" includes **refractivity**of immune cells to stimulation, e.g., stimulation via an activating receptor or a cytokine. Unresponsiveness can occur, e.g., because of exposure to immunosuppressants or exposure to high doses of antigen. As used herein, the term "anergy" or "tolerance" includes **refractivity** to activating receptor-mediated stimulation. Such **refractivity** is generally antigen-specific and persists after exposure to the tolerizing antigen has ceased. For example, anergy in T cells (as opposed to unresponsiveness) is characterized by lack of cytokine production, e.g., IL-2. T cell anergy occurs when T cells are exposed to antigen and receive a first signal (a T cell receptor or CD-3 mediated signal) in the absence of a second signal (a costimulatory signal). Under these conditions, reexposure of the cells to the same antigen (even if reexposure occurs in the presence of a costimulatory molecule) results in failure to produce cytokines and, thus, failure to proliferate.

Refraktivität?
Refraktion?
Brechungsvermögen?
Brechwert?
Das macht doch alles keinen Sinn!

Evchen KudoZ activity Questions: 268 (4 open) (7 without valid answers) (39 closed without grading) Answers: 169
Local time: 13:49

refraktäre Eigenschaft / Resistenz

Explanation:
M. E. sind die Immunzellen resistent/refraktär/unempfindlich/unempfänglich gegenüber der [für die] o. a. Stimulation. Zur Verwendung von "refraktär" in der Medizin siehe auch "therapierefraktär".