Login or register (free and only takes a few minutes) to participate in this question.You will also have access to many other tools and opportunities designed for those who have language-related jobs (or are passionate about them). Participation is free and the site has a strict confidentiality policy. English to Japanese translations [PRO]
Bus/Financial - Government / Politics | | English term or phrase: congressional charter | 米国の連邦議会に関する用語です。
Wikipediaなどにもエントリーがあるので、
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congressional_charter
だいたい内容は分かるのですが、対応する日本語が分かりません。
文脈としては、
- National Academy of Sciences (NAS) was established by a congressional charter....
また、動詞としても使用されています。
- ...organizations chartered by Congress
- Congressionally chartered organizations
など。
よろしくお願いします。 |
| | | Japanese translation:連邦議会認定 | Explanation:
「連邦議会特許」と訳すことも可能かと思いますが、「特許」は現在では"PATENT"の意味に解釈されてしまいますので「連邦議会認定」としてみました。
以下の説明によりますと、慈善団体、愛国的団体、史跡保存団体、教育団体などの非営利・公益団体に対して連邦議会が「名目的な」お墨付きを与えるもので、この認定を受けた団体はPRESTIGEが上がって言わば世間体が良くなりますが、政府が何らかの保証を与えたと誤解されかねないのでこの認定は現在はほぼ封印状態にあるそうです:
The chartering by Congress of organizations with a patriotic, charitable, historical, or educational purpose is essentially a 20 th century practice. There are currently some 91 nonprofit corporations listed in Title 36, Subtitle II, of the U .S. Code. These so-called "Title 36 corporations," such as the Girl Scouts of America and the National Academy of Public Administration, are typically incorporated first under state law, later requesting that Congress grant them a charter.
Chartered corporations listed in Title 36 are not agencies of the United States, and the charter does not assign the corporate bodies any governmental attributes . For instance, the corporation's debt is not guaranteed, explicitly or implicitly, by the full faith and credit of the United States. The attraction of Title 36 status for national organizations is that it tends to provide an "official" imprimatur to their activities, and to that extent it may provide them prestige and indirect financial benefit.
In recent years, some in Congress have expressed concern that the public may be misled by its chartering process into believing that somehow the U .S. government approves and supervises the corporations, when in fact this is not the case . As a consequence, in 1989 the House Judiciary Committee decided upon a moratorium on granting new charters . (The Senate generally defers to the House on chartering matters.) This moratorium has been reaffirmed by the Committee at the beginning of each Congress since. On several recent occasions, however, the full Congress has established Title 36 corporations on its own plenary authority.
http://www.llsdc.net/sourcebook/docs/CRS-RL30340.pdf
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 17時間 (2008-09-17 23:38:57 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
"Congressional Charter"によって公益団体を設立するケースもあるようですので、その場合は「連邦議会の議決で設立された」という訳の方が適切でしょうね。ただし"Congressional Charter"がたんなるお墨付きの付与に過ぎないケースの方が"more common"だそうです:
------------------------------
Some charters create corporate entities and is akin to being incorporated at the federal level. Examples of such charters are the Federal Reserve Bank, Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, and the Tennessee Valley Authority. Other national level groups with such charters are the American Red Cross, National Park Foundation and the National Trust for Historic Preservation.
More common is a charter that recognizes a group already incorporated at the state level. These mostly honorific charters tend "to provide an 'official' imprimatur to their activities, and to that extent it may provide them prestige and indirect financial benefit." [1] Groups that fall into this group are usually veterans groups, fraternal groups or youth groups like the Girl Scouts of the USA or the Boy Scouts of America. Congress has chartered about 100 fraternal or patriotic groups.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congressional_charter
------------------------------
一般的な"charter"の定義:
A charter is the grant of authority or rights.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charter_(disambiguation)
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 1日54分 (2008-09-18 07:05:55 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
"congressional charter"を「議会憲章」と訳せない文例:
The American Red Cross was organized (1881) by Clara Barton and received its first federal charter in 1900. In 1905, it was brought into closer relationship with the government when a new congressional charter was granted.
http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-RedCross.html
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 1日5時間 (2008-09-18 11:44:37 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
"Congressional Charter"を「連邦議会憲章」と訳したり、「法律」であると解釈できない文例:
1785
Bank of America's Congressional charter is revoked: However the bank subsequently acquires a new charter from the state government of Delaware
http://delong.typepad.com/american_economic_history/2008/09/...
このような文例における"Congressional Charter"は、「連邦議会特許」的な訳にならざるを得ないでしょう。
|
| Selected response from:
patent_pending
Local time: 04:20
| Grading comment 丁寧なご説明と補足情報をありがとうございます。微妙な話のようで、文脈によっても変わるようですね。確かに、対象となっている団体が設立されたのは昔の話なので、以前はそのような形で「お墨付き」を与えていたということなのですね。ありがとうございました。
4 KudoZ points were awarded for this answer |
| |
| Summary of reference entries provided | | |
| Discussion entries: 0 |
|---|
Automatic update in 00:
|
15 mins confidence:  
2 hrs confidence: peer agreement (net): +1
6 hrs confidence: peer agreement (net): +3 連邦議会認定
Explanation:
「連邦議会特許」と訳すことも可能かと思いますが、「特許」は現在では"PATENT"の意味に解釈されてしまいますので「連邦議会認定」としてみました。
以下の説明によりますと、慈善団体、愛国的団体、史跡保存団体、教育団体などの非営利・公益団体に対して連邦議会が「名目的な」お墨付きを与えるもので、この認定を受けた団体はPRESTIGEが上がって言わば世間体が良くなりますが、政府が何らかの保証を与えたと誤解されかねないのでこの認定は現在はほぼ封印状態にあるそうです:
The chartering by Congress of organizations with a patriotic, charitable, historical, or educational purpose is essentially a 20 th century practice. There are currently some 91 nonprofit corporations listed in Title 36, Subtitle II, of the U .S. Code. These so-called "Title 36 corporations," such as the Girl Scouts of America and the National Academy of Public Administration, are typically incorporated first under state law, later requesting that Congress grant them a charter.
Chartered corporations listed in Title 36 are not agencies of the United States, and the charter does not assign the corporate bodies any governmental attributes . For instance, the corporation's debt is not guaranteed, explicitly or implicitly, by the full faith and credit of the United States. The attraction of Title 36 status for national organizations is that it tends to provide an "official" imprimatur to their activities, and to that extent it may provide them prestige and indirect financial benefit.
In recent years, some in Congress have expressed concern that the public may be misled by its chartering process into believing that somehow the U .S. government approves and supervises the corporations, when in fact this is not the case . As a consequence, in 1989 the House Judiciary Committee decided upon a moratorium on granting new charters . (The Senate generally defers to the House on chartering matters.) This moratorium has been reaffirmed by the Committee at the beginning of each Congress since. On several recent occasions, however, the full Congress has established Title 36 corporations on its own plenary authority.
http://www.llsdc.net/sourcebook/docs/CRS-RL30340.pdf
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 17時間 (2008-09-17 23:38:57 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
"Congressional Charter"によって公益団体を設立するケースもあるようですので、その場合は「連邦議会の議決で設立された」という訳の方が適切でしょうね。ただし"Congressional Charter"がたんなるお墨付きの付与に過ぎないケースの方が"more common"だそうです:
------------------------------
Some charters create corporate entities and is akin to being incorporated at the federal level. Examples of such charters are the Federal Reserve Bank, Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, and the Tennessee Valley Authority. Other national level groups with such charters are the American Red Cross, National Park Foundation and the National Trust for Historic Preservation.
More common is a charter that recognizes a group already incorporated at the state level. These mostly honorific charters tend "to provide an 'official' imprimatur to their activities, and to that extent it may provide them prestige and indirect financial benefit." [1] Groups that fall into this group are usually veterans groups, fraternal groups or youth groups like the Girl Scouts of the USA or the Boy Scouts of America. Congress has chartered about 100 fraternal or patriotic groups.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congressional_charter
------------------------------
一般的な"charter"の定義:
A charter is the grant of authority or rights.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charter_(disambiguation)
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 1日54分 (2008-09-18 07:05:55 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
"congressional charter"を「議会憲章」と訳せない文例:
The American Red Cross was organized (1881) by Clara Barton and received its first federal charter in 1900. In 1905, it was brought into closer relationship with the government when a new congressional charter was granted.
http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-RedCross.html
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 1日5時間 (2008-09-18 11:44:37 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
"Congressional Charter"を「連邦議会憲章」と訳したり、「法律」であると解釈できない文例:
1785
Bank of America's Congressional charter is revoked: However the bank subsequently acquires a new charter from the state government of Delaware
http://delong.typepad.com/american_economic_history/2008/09/...
このような文例における"Congressional Charter"は、「連邦議会特許」的な訳にならざるを得ないでしょう。
| patent_pending
Local time: 04:20
Native speaker of:  Tetum
PRO pts in category: 8
|
| | Grading comment | 丁寧なご説明と補足情報をありがとうございます。微妙な話のようで、文脈によっても変わるようですね。確かに、対象となっている団体が設立されたのは昔の話なので、以前はそのような形で「お墨付き」を与えていたということなのですね。ありがとうございました。 |
|
| KudoZ™ translation helpThe KudoZ network provides a framework for translators and others to assist each other with translations or explanations of terms and short phrases. See also: Search millions of term translations  |
| |
The translation workplace 
