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English to Spanish translations [PRO]
Art/Literary - Education / Pedagogy | | English term or phrase: PhD | | Certificate of a Research Project of the University of London |
| | | Ph.D. | Explanation:
No se traduce. Se deja tal cual -- Ph.D.
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Note added at 14 mins (2004-02-25 22:01:10 GMT)
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Estoy de acuerdo en que se llama un doctorado (ya que no se puede pronunciar la palabra \"Ph.D.\" -- phhhhhdddd?) pero en un certificado se dejan las siglas Ph.D. |
| Selected response from:
 Sandra Alboum
United States
Local time: 02:21
| Grading comment Thanks!
4 KudoZ points were awarded for this answer |
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| Discussion entries: 0 |
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Automatic update in 00:
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4 mins confidence:  peer agreement (net): +2 | phd Doctorado
Explanation:
Con el fin de facilitar una información más detallada y ... - [ Translate this page ]
INFORMACIÓN GENERAL. INFORMACIÓN GENERAL GUÍA DE DOCTORADO. CURSO 2003/2004 ... Traducción
Oficial de Documentos. - Programas Interuniversitarios de Doctorado. ...
https://apliweb.uned.es/doctorado/ - 12k - Feb 23, 2004 - Cached - Similar pages
Estudios de doctorado en EE.UU. - [ Translate this page ]
next up Next: Introducción. Estudios de doctorado en EE.UU. José
María González Computer Science Division 387 Soda Hall, #1776 ...
www.cs.berkeley.edu/~chema/becas/ doctorado/doctorado.html - 8k - Cached - Similar pages
Programa doctorado Interacción Persona-Ordenador - [ Translate this page ]
... Programa doctorado Interacción Persona-Ordenador. ... Ofrecer un amplio abanico de
realización de los cursos de doctorado: Cursos presenciales concentrados; ...
griho.udl.es/ipo/doct/ - 8k - Feb 23, 2004 - Cached - Similar pages
Universidad de los Andes - Santiago-Chile - [ Translate this page ]
Tanto en el ámbito de las disciplinas científicas como en el de las humanidades
y la filosofía, los estudios de doctorado constituyen actualmente un ...
www.uandes.cl/carreras/doctorado/filosofia.htm - 11k - Cached - Similar pages
|   Ltemes
United States
Local time: 02:21
Native speaker of:  English, Spanish
PRO pts in category: 88
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13 mins confidence: peer agreement (net): +1 Doctor en Filosofia
Explanation:
=8^J
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Note added at 2005-08-21 21:23:39 (GMT) Post-grading
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PHilosophy Doctor, hence PhD--ta ta!
| Gabo Pena
Local time: 23:21
Native speaker of: English, Spanish
PRO pts in category: 8
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23 mins confidence: peer agreement (net): +2 | phd Doctor
Explanation:
Para mi doctorado hace referencia al concepto académico del nivel de estudios, el doctorado (3er ciclo), la persona es doctor.
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1 hr confidence: (Post grading) Doctor / Doctorado
Explanation:
Para ser Doctor hay que preparar, presentar, defender y aprobar una Tesis Doctoral.
"GTI-UPM: Tesis Doctorales - Ph.D. Thesis
**Tesis Doctorales** / Ph.D. Thesis. "Procesamiento digital automático de imágenes de estructuras
virales cristalinas" Narciso García ...".
gti.ii.uam.es/gente/ex/doctorandos/galeriaES.html
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"Doctor of Philosophy
(Redirected from PhD)
Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D., an abbreviation for the Latin "Philosophiæ Doctor", or in non-anglosaxon (e.g. German and Scandinavian) usage Doctor philosophiæ, Dr.Phil.) was originally a degree granted by a university to a learned individual who had achieved the approval of his peers and who had demonstrated a long and productive career in the field of philosophy. The appellation of "Doctor" (from Latin: teacher) was usually awarded only when the individual was in middle age. It indicated a life dedicated to learning, to knowledge, and to the spread of knowledge. Philosophy was, however, considered the lowest of the faculties, and the Ph.D. died out in many universities.
The degree was revived in the 19th century at the Humboldt University as a degree to be granted to someone who had undertaken original research in the sciences or humanities. From here it spread to the US, arriving in the UK at the start of the 20th century. This displaced the existing Doctor of Philosophy degree in some Universities - for instance the D.Phil (higher doctorate in the faculty of philosophy) at the University of St Andrews was discontinued an replaced with the Ph.D. (research doctorate).
Some ability to carry out original research has to be documented by producing a dissertation or thesis. In some countries the thesis must be given an oral defense, known in the UK as a viva (short for viva voce, Latin for "live voice") before a committee. The degree is often a prerequisite for permanent employment as a university professor or as a researcher in some sciences, though this varies on a regional basis. In others such as engineering or geology, a doctoral degree is considered desirable but not essential for employment.
A doctoral candidate is typically educated by a thesis advisor, or supervisor, who chairs a thesis committee which supervises the doctoral candidate. In the US, doctoral programs typically require a series of required and optional courses at the beginning of the program, but education in the latter portion of the program tends to consist of informal discussions with the thesis advisor and individual research by the student. Many universities separate the program into two portions with a required doctoral examination before allowing a student to be formally admitted to a doctoral program. The funding of students varies from field to field, and many graduate students in the sciences and engineering work as teaching assistants or research assistants while they are a doctoral student.
It typically takes several years of full time work to complete a doctoral program. In some fields such as physics, a doctoral degree is essential for employment. In some sciences, a newly graduated doctoral student is unlikely to find work as a tenure-track professor and must undertake one or several postdoc positions.
In several countries (U.S., Australia) most postgraduate students doing research at this level complete a Ph.D. degree, regardless of the subject area, though there are many other doctoral degrees with different designations, e.g. D.A. (Doctor of Arts), D.M.A. (Doctor of Musical Arts), Ed.D. (Doctor of Education), Th.D. (Doctor of Theology), etc. In some countries, the corresponding degree is simply called "Doctor" or else is distinguished by subject area ("Doctor of Natural Sciences", "Doctor of Social Sciences", "Dr. med."). Johns Hopkins University was the first university in the United States to confer doctoral degrees. In the United Kingdom, Ph.D.s are distinguishable from higher doctorates (such as D.Litt. (Doctor of Letters) or D.Sc. (Doctor of Science), which are issued by a committee on the basis of a long record of research and publication. In Switzerland the European Graduate School has a Dr.Phil on Communication.
While the Ph.D. is the most common doctoral degree, and even often (mis)understood to be synonymous with the term “doctorate,” the U.S. Department of Education and the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) recognize numerous doctoral degrees as equivalent, and do not discriminate between them.
The Ph.D. is often the topic of scholarly debate and criticism, given its almost exclusive concern with research and publication to the alleged neglect of numerous other faculty responsibilities that include teaching, collegial evaluation, collective and individual curricular planning, etc. Solutions have met with varying degrees of success. In the 1960s, the prestigious Carnegie Foundation helped promote and establish the Doctor of Arts degree as an alternative to the Ph.D. The D.A. degree, with its focus on content specialty, curriculum design, and pedagogy, was designed to help prepare expert teachers in various fields. Its well-defined disciplinary focus makes it different than the Ed.D. (Doctor of Education) while still embracing the Ed.D.'s concern for issues in education. The D.A. continues to be offered in many universities across the United States and in other countries, though a few D.A. programs have since been converted to the Ph.D. model. Still, the D.A. has many steadfast supporters. Other solutions include a re-thinking of the Ph.D. in order to address its perceived shortcomings.
Sometimes a university grants an honorary Ph.D. or D.A., or other doctoral degree, with the added designation of honoris causa (Latin for caused by honor), or Dr.h.c.
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Un cordial saludo.
:)
Reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PhD
| xxxdawn39
Native speaker of:  Spanish
PRO pts in category: 20
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