| community languages lenguas minoritarias/no nacionales
Explanation:
"Community languages" es un término de sociolingüística que se refiere a las lenguas utilizadas por grupos minoritarios dentro de una comunidad lingüística mayoritaria. Se acuñó en Australia, sociedad plurilingüe donde las haya, para referirse a todos los idiomas empleados en el país aparte del inglés y las lenguas aborígenes. Es decir, que denota principalmente las lenguas de comunidades inmigrantes. Por tanto, incluye (en Australia) lenguas como el chino, el árabe o el urdu, además del griego, el italiano, y otras muchísimas.
"The National Centre for Languages (CiLT) offers the following definition:
Community Languages are languages spoken by members of minority groups or communities within a majority language context.
[...]
This term, originating in Australia to denote the many languages other than English or Aboriginal languages in use there, is adopted in preference to other terms such as ‘minority’ or ‘immigrant’ languages, or ‘mother tongues’. The term ‘minority languages’ suggests languages spoken by only a small number of people (manifestly not the case in relation to languages of world significance such as Chinese, Urdu or Arabic) or languages which are somehow intrinsically of less value than ‘majority’ languages (i.e. English in the UK).
Clyne, Michael (1991) Community Languages: The Australian Experience. Cambridge : CUP.
http://www.naldic.org.uk/ITTSEAL2/teaching/Whatarecommunityl...
No pueden llamarse "lenguas comunitarias" en español; este término, tal como se emplea en España, se refiere a las lenguas oficiales de la Comunidad Europea. Según la siguiente definición, podríamos llamarlas "lenguas minoritarias", y corresponden, en general, a lo que suele entenderse por este término:
"Lengua minoritaria es un término de sociolingüística que hace referencia a un idioma que en una comunidad es utilizado por un pequeño número de usuarios."
http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengua_minoritaria
Sin embargo, como se comenta en el pasaje citado arriba, "lengua minoritaria" no es necesariamente el término ideal para un idioma como el chino, que será minoritario dentro de un país como Australia (o el Reino Unido, o España), pero en términos mundiales es todo menos minoritario. Por eso, me parece que "lenguas no nacionales" podría ser preferible.
"The EU has about 60 regional or minority languages. Concerning the „European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages“, it should not only be signed by all countries of the EU, but extended to what one calls „immigrant languages“ (as Arabic, Farsi, Kurdish, Russian, Turkish, Urdu, several Indian languages, Assyrian, languages from Africa and many others; s. Ethnologue 2009; of course, each of them has its specific socio-historical context and status of origin). Within the EU frame, all these languages converge in being non-national languages; they may be subsumed as „community languages“ (Clyne 1991). It seems to be an essential quality of globalization, esp. urbanization, that community languages are no longer traditionally organized in protectable territorial/areal places but exist in scattered plurilingual
spaces, mixed and intertwined to a great extent and forming language contact zones (Rehbein 2010a)."
http://www.uoc.edu/opencms/export/sites/in3/webs/projectes/E...
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Note added at 10 hrs (2011-07-27 08:47:36 GMT)
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En definitiva, a pesar de lo que podría suponerse, el término "community languages" no se aplica a los idiomas indígenas o regionales --en Australia, no incluye las lenguas aborígenes--, sino a los de comunidades minoritarias originarias de otros países o regiones:
"The Saturday School of Community Languages was established in 1978. It is a government secondary school which operates on Saturdays in 16 high schools in Sydney, Wollongong and Newcastle. The Saturday School gives students the opportunity to study their background language when that language is not available at their own school or college.
Languages available through the Saturday School of Community Languages:
Arabic, Armenian, Bengali (Bangla), Chinese, Croatian, Dutch, Filipino, Hindi, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Khmer, Korean, Macedonian, Modern Greek, Maltese, Persian (Dari/Farsi), Polish, Portuguese, Serbian, Spanish, Turkish, Ukrainian, Vietnamese."
http://www.curriculumsupport.education.nsw.gov.au/secondary/...
El término se emplea de la misma manera en el Reino Unido.
|  Charles Davis
Local time: 12:04
Works in field
Native speaker of:  English
PRO pts in category: 40
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The translation workplace 
peer agreement (net): +3
