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13:13 May 21, 2009
English to Vietnamese translations [PRO] Law/Patents - Law (general) Additional field(s): Investment / Securities, Law: Contract(s)
English term or phrase:joint and several liability
Definition from www.businessballs.com: Where parties act together in a contract as partners they have joint and several liability. In addition to all the partners being responsible together, each partner is also liable individually for the entire contract - so a creditor could recover a whole debt from any one of them individually, leaving that person to recover their shares from the rest of the partners.
Example sentence(s):
It has become apparent in our industrialized society that this doctrine [the common law doctrine of joint and several liability] has produced inequitable and unfair results that have had a detrimental impact on businesses. www.pointoflaw.com
Judgment against a teaching hospital in a medical malpractice suit shall be based on the percentage of fault and not Joint and Several Liability. www.subrogation.net
Joint and several liability can also apply to rent arrears on joint tenancies, arrears on joint mortgages, Council Tax payments and water charges on properties that have been jointly occupied. Payplan Ltd.
Definition from osb.ic.gc.ca: The liability of more than one individual that may be enforced against them all by a joint action or against any one of them by an individual action
Example sentence(s):
The effect of joint and several liability is to convert lawsuits into searches for financially viable defendants. This causes defendants to settle out of court for fear of being found fully liable for substantial judgments - ATRA
Long Tran Vietnam Local time: 22:07 Native speaker of: English, Vietnamese
Notes to answerer
david_nguyen Hi, Long
Your translation is not really correct as "phối hợp" and "liên đới" is similar. "Jointly" means together while "several" should mean "separate".
Definition from http://www.ellenboyce.com: When two or more people agree to take on the same obligation (such as a loan), they may each be responsible for a certain portion of the obligation or they may each be responsible for the entire obligation.
Example sentence(s):
Abel and Baker are General Partners. Together they borrow (or the Partnership borrows) $10,000 from a bank, agreeing to joint and several liability. Upon Default the bank can collect the remaining balance of the $10,000 from either party. - answers.com
Explanation: This is the term which has been used in the FIDIC translation. FIDIC is a set of guidelines providing in detail the information regarding contract and projects
david_nguyen Vietnam Local time: 22:07 Native speaker of: Vietnamese
Notes to answerer
Long Tran I agree with your comment. We can also translate it as "Trách nhiệm liên đới chung và riêng". Thanks for your comment
Second, there are 2 component parts of "joint and several liability": joint liability and several liability.
The example from answer.com tells that "If a husband and wife take out a loan from a bank, the loan agreement will normally provide that they are to be "jointly liable" for the full amount. If one party dies, disappears or is declared bankrupt, the other remains fully liable".
Also, according to answer.com, "the converse of joint liability is several liability, where the parties are liable for only their respective obligations".
=> With all the above said, I believed the proper Vietnamese translation for "joint and several liability" is "trách nhiệm pháp lý liên đới và riêng của mỗi bên"; it's no more no less than the actual meaning of the term.
Example sentence(s):
joint and several liability == trách nhiệm pháp lý liên đới và riêng của mỗi bên - answers.com
Vie007 Local time: 07:07 Native speaker of: Vietnamese, English
22 hrs confidence: peer agreement (net): -1
trách nhiệm liên đới và trách nhiệm riêng rẽ
Definition from own experience or research: Joint liability means "trách nhiệm liên đới". It's a term used in the Civil Code of Vietnam. Several liability means "trách nhiệm riêng rẽ".
Example sentence(s):
In a contract, for example, there may have a provision as follows:
"Both Parties shall bear joint and several liability for any damage incurred by any third party."
("Hai Bên phải chịu trách nhiệm liên đới và trách nhiệm riêng rẽ đối với mọi thiệt hại của bất kỳ bên thứ ba nào.")
This is a proper translation for almost all kinds of legal context. - English translation of Vietnamese laws
Nghia Cao Local time: 22:07 Native speaker of: Vietnamese
Definition from own experience or research: Nói về trách nhiệm chung của mỗi bên và trách nhiệm riêng của từng bên.
Example sentence(s):
Nếu có nhiều hơn một pháp nhân khi Khách hàng thực hiện Thỏa thuận khách hàng, mọi pháp nhân này đồng ý chịu trách nhiệm chung và riêng cho việc chi trả các nghĩa vụ được nêu trong Thỏa thuận khách hàng này. - Forex Direct Dealer
Trường hợp liên danh phải có văn bản thoả thuận giữa các thành viên tham gia liên danh về trách nhiệm chung và riêng đối với công việc thuộc gói thầu và phải có người đứng đầu của liên danh. - Sở Kế hoạch và Đầu Từ Hà Na
Cả hai người khi khai chung hồ sơ thuế cùng có trách nhiệm chung và riêng trên số tiền thuế nợ và bất kỳ khoản tiền lãi hoặc tiền phạt nào phát sinh từ hồ sơ thuế khai chung ngay cả khi hai người sau này ly dị. - VietBao
Trung Le United States Local time: 07:07 Native speaker of: Vietnamese, English PRO pts in category: 7
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