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Many thanks indeed Madalina - an excellent call! - I was amazed and gratified by the volume of suggestions in such a short time. Well done all ;) 4 KudoZ points were awarded for this answer
În EU este puțin diferit : First we should distinguish between full jurisdiction (sometimes also called material jurisdiction) and territorial jurisdiction.
A court whose subject-matter jurisdiction is limited to certain types of controversies (for example, suits in admiralty or suits where the monetary amount sought is less than a specified sum) is sometimes referred to as a court of special jurisdiction or court of limited jurisdiction, as opposed to court of general jurisdiction.
Explicații mai pe larg la: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jurisdiction
La noi de regulă tribunalele au diverse secţii, fiecare cu competenţa ei materială: secţia civilă, secţia penală, secţia comercială, secţia maritimă şi fluvială etc.
Competenta dpdv "teritorial" se traduce prin "local court" Competenta dpdv "materiala" se refera strict la specializarea instantei in problema pe care o au de tratat. In SUA cel putin se poate spune "competent local court" sau "specialized local court" facand abstractie de sistemul juridic american unde trebuie mentionat nivelul la care este instanta - ceea ce stabilieste mare parte din competentele sale (district court, local court, federal court, etc)
Dacă tot credeţi că e mai bine, cum aţi traduce "Casarea sentinței atacate și trimiterea cauzei instanței competente *material și teritorial* iar pe fondul cauzei modificarea sentinței în sensul admiterii."? Aţi lăsa ambii termeni netraduşi (material şi teritorial)? Mi se pare destul de grav...
O altă variantă (după un pic de cercetare pe net):
Material is an adverb here. I would write "se vor supune spre soluţionare instanţei judecătoreşti competente *din punct de vedere* material de la sediul vanzatorului".
Similar phrases, where you will probably understand better the structure:
Casarea sentinței atacate și trimiterea cauzei instanței competente *material și teritorial* iar pe fondul cauzei modificarea sentinței în sensul admiterii.
I would say "materially competent court" for "instanţă judecătorească competentă material".
Bine, Veronica, atunci asa arata: 'Litigii care nu pot fi soluţionate pe cale amicală, se vor supune spre soluţionare instanţei judecătoreşti competente material de la sediul vanzatorului' - it's a pretty standard supply contract. Multam pt eventualul tau ajutor x
The term now, as it was posted, has (grammatically) no sense. Giving more context won't harm at all. You should write the actual phrase or even paragraph where you found the term.
Then we may be able to help.
Automatic update in 00:
Answers
4 days confidence:
subject-matter jurisdiction
Explanation: 'if the dispute cannot be settled amicably, it shall be submitted to a court with subject-matter jurisdiction".
-------------------------------------------------- Note added at 4 days (2011-10-11 10:34:50 GMT) --------------------------------------------------
The power of a court to hear and determine cases of the general class to which the proceedings in question belong.
Example sentence(s):
The court determined that the Second Circuit was split on the issue of whether mere submission of a copyright application, fee, and deposit is sufficient to provide a court with subject matter jurisdiction to hear a copyright infringement claim
The translation workplace 
