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Spanish to English translations [PRO] Science - Biology (-tech,-chem,micro-)
Spanish term or phrase:Pituitaria de la nariz
Hello,
This is for a children's school book and there are a list of items that make up the nervous response to stimuli. There is no more context, just:
2 Completa esta tabla:
ESTÍMULOS
ÓRGANOS EN LOS QUE SE
TRANSFORMAN EN SEÑALES
LAS SEÑALES VIAJAN
AL CEREBRO POR EL…
***Pituitaria de la nariz***
Sustancias en la boca
Nervio gustativo
Caracol del oído
Luz
Receptores de la piel Nervios
I am not sure if this is just the "pituitary gland" or if there is another name for it. In Spanish I have found both the "glándula pituitaria roja" y "glándula pituitaria amarillo", located in the "fosa nasal".
-------------------------------------------------- Note added at 21 minutos (2009-06-05 18:44:04 GMT) --------------------------------------------------
The olfactory mucosa is located in the upper region of the nasal cavity and is made up of the olfactory epithelium and the underlying lamina propria, connective tissue containing fibroblasts, blood vessels, Bowman's glands and bundles of fine axons from the olfactory neurons (Moran, 1982).
The mucus protects the olfactory epithelium and allows odors to dissolve so that they can be detected by olfactory receptor neurons. Electron microscopy studies show that Bowman's glands contain cells with large secretory vesicles (Frisch, 1967). The exact composition of the secretions from Bowman's glands is unclear, but there is evidence that Bowman's glands do not produce odorant binding protein (Tegoni, 2000).
In vertebrates, the olfactory epithelium consists of a three basic cell types: bipolar olfactory receptor neurons; sustentacular cells, a type of supporting cell; and basal cells, the stem cells that continuously give rise to new olfactory receptor neurons and sustentacular cells (Schwob, 2002).
Cells in the olfactory mucosa have been shown to have a degree of plasticity, and hold potential for therapeutic applications (Schwob, 2002).
Such cells have been used in clinical trials for adult stem cell therapeutic treatments, and successfully harvested for future applications. Eskitis Institute for Cell and Molecular Therapies http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olfactory_mucosa
10.
Anatomía y fisiología del sistema olfativo primario Como se mencionó, además del epitelio respiratorio, la nariz contiene el epitelio olfativo, ...
books.google.com.ar/books?isbn=089281473X... -
-------------------------------------------------- Note added at 24 minutos (2009-06-05 18:46:32 GMT) --------------------------------------------------
La nariz es el órgano donde reside el sentido del olfato. En el epitelio olfativo se encuentra la pituitaria amarilla, constituida por un grupo de células nerviosas con pelos microscópicos llamados cilios. Estos están recubiertos de receptores sensibles a las moléculas del olor. Hay unos 20 tipos distintos de receptores, cada uno de los cuales se encarga de una clase determinada de moléculas de olor. Estas células establecerán sinapsis con las neuronas de los bulbos olfatorios, que mandarán las señales al cerebro. http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nariz
-------------------------------------------------- Note added at 49 minutos (2009-06-05 19:12:03 GMT) --------------------------------------------------
The nasal mucosa rests within the roof of the nasal cavity. It can be found along both sides of the nasal septum. This is where the olfactory cells are located. The glandular goblet cells which surround the olfactory cells help to provide the necessary moisture for effective olfactory cell function. In between the supporting columnar cells there are the cell bodies of the bipolar olfactory cells. Olfactory hairs are the sensitive segment of the receptor cell, which is created by the dendrite ends of the free ends of each olfactory cell. These ends are unmyelinated and are quite responsive each time airborne molecules make their way into the nasal cavity.
There are in fact, numerous neural segments which in turn create the sensory pathway of olfaction. It begins with the unmyelinated axons of the olfactory cells, which conjoin to create the olfactory nerves. The olfactory nerves travel along, through the foramina of the cribriform plate where they finally come to and end in the olfactory bulbs, which are created by grey and white matter.
Looks like this is definitely it. Thanks, Rita, and thank you to everyone for all the contributions and information! 4 KudoZ points were awarded for this answer
Se trata de completar una tabla y por lo tanto son palabras "sueltas". Por otro lado, no existe ninguna conexión nerviosa entre la nariz y la hipófisis (glándula pituitaria) que me hayan enseñado en la Facultad de Medicina.
Yes, the route is olfactory bulb to olfactory cortex without any thalamic or other mediation, but certainly stimuli can come from the nose, through the olfactory nerves to the olfactory cortex which then sends projections to the pituitary gland. Could it be that the Spanish is perhaps infelicitously worded? The syntax, I think, is ambiguous. However, I do see your point.
Thank you, Richard. I think, however, that the olfactory epithelium sensory cells go directly to the brain without and intermediate synapsing or any other circuitry. I think, then the brain can send message to the pituitary... But from the nose to the brain, I think it's a direct pathway...
Yes, Dr. Darakjian has a fine point indeed. But, isn't the real problem here that the source text is ambiguous? It really could mean either "olfactory epithelium" or "pituitary gland, from the nose," given the syntax of the Spanish sentence.
I would think that the language used here is appropriate for children. For example, we learned about epithelium, stimuli, etc. in seventh grade ... It is only within the last 30 years that there has been an attempt of lowering standards of education. May be the author here wants to bring back "the good old days.." for children and eventually for all of us...
1. nose, conk, hooter, nasus; Synonyms: nasus, narizota, napia; Apéndice saliente del rostro humano, situado entre la frente y la boca, con dos orificios que comunican con la **membrana pituitaria** y el aparato respiratorio. Se utiliza con frecuencia en plural, narices. ; Denominación que recibe el sentido del olfato por residir en ese órgano.
[ + ] Quips, Quotes & Proverbs
* Cualquier nariz Puede destrozar con impunidad una rosa. Robert Browning Any nose May ravage with impunity a rose. Robert Browning
* Un hombre que no sabe cómo ahorrar lo que obtiene, mantiene su nariz en la piedra de moler. Benjamin Franklin A man may, if he knows not how to save as he gets, keep his nose to the grindstone. Benjamin Franklin
* Una nariz que puede ver vale dos que pueden olfatear. Eugene Ionesco A nose that can see is worth two that can sniff. Eugene Ionesco
En este caso, yo creo que el término en cuestión sí es ambiguo. Sin embargo, ya que el tema se trata de la anatomía para niños, yo usaría el término menos complicado en la versión inglesa.
En inglés es hipófisis. En español pituitaria es también la mucosa que recubre la nariz y sirve para el olfato. Que sea un libro para niños no quiere decir que debamos usar el término incorrecto
Aquí hablamos de un libro para niños. No creo que haga sentido usar términos tan complicados como "olfactory epithelium" en este caso, especialmente cuando existe otra opción menos complicado, según mi opinión.
La hipófisis es la glándula pituitaria. Nop tiene nada que ver con el olfato, es una glándula localizada en el cerebro, que se apoya sobre una estructura llamda "silla turca", y segrega un montón de hormonas que controlan el funcionamiento de las glándulas endócrinas. Esta "pituitaria" de la nariz es una mucosa que tiene receptores para el olfato.
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Answers
12 mins confidence: peer agreement (net): -2
pituitary gland
Explanation: Also "hypophysis", but I would leave "pituitary gland" if it's for children.
Regards!
VeronicaMar Argentina Local time: 14:08 Specializes in field Native speaker of: Spanish PRO pts in category: 4
16 mins confidence: peer agreement (net): +5
Olfactory epithelium
Explanation: ;)
-------------------------------------------------- Note added at 21 minutos (2009-06-05 18:44:04 GMT) --------------------------------------------------
The olfactory mucosa is located in the upper region of the nasal cavity and is made up of the olfactory epithelium and the underlying lamina propria, connective tissue containing fibroblasts, blood vessels, Bowman's glands and bundles of fine axons from the olfactory neurons (Moran, 1982).
The mucus protects the olfactory epithelium and allows odors to dissolve so that they can be detected by olfactory receptor neurons. Electron microscopy studies show that Bowman's glands contain cells with large secretory vesicles (Frisch, 1967). The exact composition of the secretions from Bowman's glands is unclear, but there is evidence that Bowman's glands do not produce odorant binding protein (Tegoni, 2000).
In vertebrates, the olfactory epithelium consists of a three basic cell types: bipolar olfactory receptor neurons; sustentacular cells, a type of supporting cell; and basal cells, the stem cells that continuously give rise to new olfactory receptor neurons and sustentacular cells (Schwob, 2002).
Cells in the olfactory mucosa have been shown to have a degree of plasticity, and hold potential for therapeutic applications (Schwob, 2002).
Such cells have been used in clinical trials for adult stem cell therapeutic treatments, and successfully harvested for future applications. Eskitis Institute for Cell and Molecular Therapies http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olfactory_mucosa
10.
Anatomía y fisiología del sistema olfativo primario Como se mencionó, además del epitelio respiratorio, la nariz contiene el epitelio olfativo, ...
books.google.com.ar/books?isbn=089281473X... -
-------------------------------------------------- Note added at 24 minutos (2009-06-05 18:46:32 GMT) --------------------------------------------------
La nariz es el órgano donde reside el sentido del olfato. En el epitelio olfativo se encuentra la pituitaria amarilla, constituida por un grupo de células nerviosas con pelos microscópicos llamados cilios. Estos están recubiertos de receptores sensibles a las moléculas del olor. Hay unos 20 tipos distintos de receptores, cada uno de los cuales se encarga de una clase determinada de moléculas de olor. Estas células establecerán sinapsis con las neuronas de los bulbos olfatorios, que mandarán las señales al cerebro. http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nariz
-------------------------------------------------- Note added at 49 minutos (2009-06-05 19:12:03 GMT) --------------------------------------------------
The nasal mucosa rests within the roof of the nasal cavity. It can be found along both sides of the nasal septum. This is where the olfactory cells are located. The glandular goblet cells which surround the olfactory cells help to provide the necessary moisture for effective olfactory cell function. In between the supporting columnar cells there are the cell bodies of the bipolar olfactory cells. Olfactory hairs are the sensitive segment of the receptor cell, which is created by the dendrite ends of the free ends of each olfactory cell. These ends are unmyelinated and are quite responsive each time airborne molecules make their way into the nasal cavity.
There are in fact, numerous neural segments which in turn create the sensory pathway of olfaction. It begins with the unmyelinated axons of the olfactory cells, which conjoin to create the olfactory nerves. The olfactory nerves travel along, through the foramina of the cribriform plate where they finally come to and end in the olfactory bulbs, which are created by grey and white matter.
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