Login or register (free and only takes a few minutes) to participate in this question.You will also have access to many other tools and opportunities designed for those who have language-related jobs (or are passionate about them). Participation is free and the site has a strict confidentiality policy. Spanish to English translations [PRO]
Fisheries | | Spanish term or phrase: fijación | This term is used repeatedly throughout the document I am working on, and while I find "fixation" used in reference to nitrogen, I am not convinced that this is the term that should be used for other chemicals, for which I find no references. I had wondered about absorption, accumulation or simply presence... Any help would be much appreciated!
Examples of use:
...se produce fijación biológica de hidrocarburos derivados del petróleo en los organismos acuáticos...
...se observa en el pescado de muestra la fijación de fenantreno atribuible a la presión contaminante a la que está sometida la zona...
...en la que se detecta fijación de fenantreno en la muestra de pescado...
... al mismo hecho (presión contaminante) se puede atribuir la fijación de Benzo (a) pireno detectada en una muestra constituida por 2 especímenes...
Thank you in advance and Happy New Year!!! |
|  SLGKudoZ activityQuestions: 37 (none open) ( 1 without valid answers) ( 2 closed without grading) Answers: 36
| Local time: 18:07
|
| | English translation:binding | Explanation:
You are quite right that “fixation” is properly used in English only of nitrogen (to form ammonia) and of carbon dioxide (in photosynthesis).
For hydrocarbons entering the bodies of fish, “uptake” is the most common word.
For the chemical processing of hydrocarbons within the body, “metabolism” or “metabolization”, or more loosely “assimilation”.
But “fijación” seems to apply here to a biochemical process known as “binding” in English.
“Receptor AHR (aryl hydrocarbon receptor) [...]. Sus ligandos comprenden los hidrocarburos aromáticos policíclicos y las dioxinas [...]. La fijación de AHR a ARNT y la posterior fijación a XRE pueden ser inhibidas competitivamente por otra proteína PAS llamada represor de AHR.”
Jesús Flórez, Farmacología humana, p. 90
http://books.google.es/books?id=OvEPlvUwSqQC&pg=PA90&lpg=PA9...
“The Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR or AHR) is a member of the family of basic-helix-loop-helix transcription factors [...]. Upon ligand binding to chemicals such as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), the chaperones dissociate resulting in AhR translocating into the nucleus and dimerizing with ARNT (AhR nuclear translocator), leading to changes in gene transcription”
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aryl_hydrocarbon_receptor
Peroxide induced binding of hydrocarbons to DNA. Morreal CE, Dao TL, Eskins K, King CL, Dienstag J. PMID: 5727134 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ...
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5727134
In vitro permeability and binding of hydrocarbons in pig ear and human ...
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11850972
Binding of Hydrocarbons to DNA sodium sulfate, and evaporated under nitrogen) and ..... Binding of Hydrocarbons to DNA. Binding of BP-6-CH:3 to DNA did not ...
www.jbc.org/content/254/15/7055.full.pdf
Photochemical binding of anthracene and other aromatic ... de GM Blackburn -
The relevance of these results to the mechanism of binding of hydrocarbons to DNA and to the photodynamic carcinogenicity of anthracene is discussed briefly ...
xlink.rsc.org › Journals › Journal of the Chemical...
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 4 hrs (2011-01-01 13:22:39 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
Well, the bonds can be broken, in principle, and the hydrocarbons eliminated.
Could "fijación" refer to metabolism here? That seems a very strange use of the word. It really does sound like chemical binding. It surely can't just mean physical adherence (the hydrocarbons simply sticking to the fishes' bodies); "fijación biológica" seems to rule that out.
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 4 hrs (2011-01-01 13:41:05 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
Chemical binding is not always reversible, but it often is. Essentially it refers to an attraction between molecules, not a chemical reaction. The hydrocarbon molecule remains a hydrocarbon molecule. For a very basic presentation, see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binding_(molecular)
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 8 hrs (2011-01-01 17:40:22 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
Fair enough. You'll have to judge for yourself whether it is a matter of hydrocarbons adhering to the fish's tissues or chemical binding of hydrocarbon molecules. It seems to me that the word "fijación" would be a slightly odd word to use for the former (normally "adherencia"?), whereas it is the normal word to use for the latter. Moreover, as already pointed out, "fijación biológica" strongly supports a molecular process; by far the most common use of this expression is for fixation of nitrogen. And a further possible indication from what you have quoted is "detectada": if it's just surface adherence, you would have thought it could be "observed" rather than "detected"; the latter tends to imply some sort of test.
If you are diffident about putting "binding" but don't want to put something like "adherence" either, maybe "uptake" would be a safe (if not necessarily strictly accurate) option. |
| Selected response from:
Charles Davis
Local time: 18:07
| Grading comment | 4 KudoZ points were awarded for this answer |
| |
| Discussion entries: 0 |
|---|
Automatic update in 00:
|
38 mins confidence:   peer agreement (net): +1
3 hrs confidence: peer agreement (net): +1 binding
Explanation:
You are quite right that “fixation” is properly used in English only of nitrogen (to form ammonia) and of carbon dioxide (in photosynthesis).
For hydrocarbons entering the bodies of fish, “uptake” is the most common word.
For the chemical processing of hydrocarbons within the body, “metabolism” or “metabolization”, or more loosely “assimilation”.
But “fijación” seems to apply here to a biochemical process known as “binding” in English.
“Receptor AHR (aryl hydrocarbon receptor) [...]. Sus ligandos comprenden los hidrocarburos aromáticos policíclicos y las dioxinas [...]. La fijación de AHR a ARNT y la posterior fijación a XRE pueden ser inhibidas competitivamente por otra proteína PAS llamada represor de AHR.”
Jesús Flórez, Farmacología humana, p. 90
http://books.google.es/books?id=OvEPlvUwSqQC&pg=PA90&lpg=PA9...
“The Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR or AHR) is a member of the family of basic-helix-loop-helix transcription factors [...]. Upon ligand binding to chemicals such as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), the chaperones dissociate resulting in AhR translocating into the nucleus and dimerizing with ARNT (AhR nuclear translocator), leading to changes in gene transcription”
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aryl_hydrocarbon_receptor
Peroxide induced binding of hydrocarbons to DNA. Morreal CE, Dao TL, Eskins K, King CL, Dienstag J. PMID: 5727134 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ...
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5727134
In vitro permeability and binding of hydrocarbons in pig ear and human ...
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11850972
Binding of Hydrocarbons to DNA sodium sulfate, and evaporated under nitrogen) and ..... Binding of Hydrocarbons to DNA. Binding of BP-6-CH:3 to DNA did not ...
www.jbc.org/content/254/15/7055.full.pdf
Photochemical binding of anthracene and other aromatic ... de GM Blackburn -
The relevance of these results to the mechanism of binding of hydrocarbons to DNA and to the photodynamic carcinogenicity of anthracene is discussed briefly ...
xlink.rsc.org › Journals › Journal of the Chemical...
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 4 hrs (2011-01-01 13:22:39 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
Well, the bonds can be broken, in principle, and the hydrocarbons eliminated.
Could "fijación" refer to metabolism here? That seems a very strange use of the word. It really does sound like chemical binding. It surely can't just mean physical adherence (the hydrocarbons simply sticking to the fishes' bodies); "fijación biológica" seems to rule that out.
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 4 hrs (2011-01-01 13:41:05 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
Chemical binding is not always reversible, but it often is. Essentially it refers to an attraction between molecules, not a chemical reaction. The hydrocarbon molecule remains a hydrocarbon molecule. For a very basic presentation, see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binding_(molecular)
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 8 hrs (2011-01-01 17:40:22 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
Fair enough. You'll have to judge for yourself whether it is a matter of hydrocarbons adhering to the fish's tissues or chemical binding of hydrocarbon molecules. It seems to me that the word "fijación" would be a slightly odd word to use for the former (normally "adherencia"?), whereas it is the normal word to use for the latter. Moreover, as already pointed out, "fijación biológica" strongly supports a molecular process; by far the most common use of this expression is for fixation of nitrogen. And a further possible indication from what you have quoted is "detectada": if it's just surface adherence, you would have thought it could be "observed" rather than "detected"; the latter tends to imply some sort of test.
If you are diffident about putting "binding" but don't want to put something like "adherence" either, maybe "uptake" would be a safe (if not necessarily strictly accurate) option.
| Charles Davis
Local time: 18:07
Native speaker of:  English
PRO pts in category: 24
|
| | Notes to answerer
Asker: Thank you Charles, this is very helpful. I had seen binding but wondered if it was referring to a process more chemical than that implied. If it is binding would it be true (as stated elsewhere in the document) that they could also "be eliminated by both passive means such as diffusion and active means such as excretion"?
Asker: I don't think it refers to metabolism. I'm afraid I am a bit stuck as to whether it is something as simple as adherence or whether it is something at deeper molecular leval... although I see your point about fijación biológica....
Asker: Thanks very much for your help Charles.
Asker: You've convinced me! Thank you for all your time!
|
|
| | Login to enter a peer comment (or grade) |
Return to KudoZ list
|
| | | | X Sign in to your ProZ.com account... | | | | |
| KudoZ™ translation helpThe KudoZ network provides a framework for translators and others to assist each other with translations or explanations of terms and short phrases. See also: Search millions of term translations  |
The translation workplace 
