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22:04 Jun 12, 2009
Spanish to English translations [PRO] Social Sciences - Forestry / Wood / Timber / forests
Spanish term or phrase:plantaciones forestales en macizo
Explanation: 191,000 references. 'Mass' is redundant, and there's only one example of 'mass forest plantings' - 'mass forest plantations' doesn't make sense.
-------------------------------------------------- Note added at 11 mins (2009-06-12 22:15:46 GMT) --------------------------------------------------
Forest plantations were originally established to provide industrial timber, mainly in those countries, such as South Africa or the United Kingdom, ... www.cfa-international.org/CWF/CWF-686.htm
Forest plantations are essentially tree crops planted for the particular ... Forest plantations are generally composed of a few tree species which have ...
rainforests.mongabay.com/1011.htm
-------------------------------------------------- Note added at 4 hrs (2009-06-13 02:10:50 GMT) --------------------------------------------------
Thanks to Jack, I've learned that there are two kinds of forest plantations, and this one is probably called a 'production forest plantation' (319 hits) - 319 references. Examples:
The production forest plantation program which aims to produce the timber needs of Bicolanos will save the death of the logging industry in the Bicol Region ... www.neda5.net/updated_rdp/chapter14_forestry.htm
There are far more hardwood than softwood species in the world, though the latter are often better known as production forest plantation species. ...
books.google.com/books?isbn=0849328195... -
-------------------------------------------------- Note added at 9 hrs (2009-06-13 07:17:45 GMT) --------------------------------------------------
Guys, after mulling over Jack's comments for several hours, I'm going back to my original position that "en macizo" refers to the density of the forest and nature of the planting. It might be translated as 'intensiveliy managed'.
According to Wikipedia, there are the two types of planted forests:
Exotic species plantation - Intensively managed forests with > 30% canopy cover, which have been planted by people with species not naturally occurring in that country.
Native species plantation - Intensively managed forests with > 30% canopy cover, which have been planted by people with species that occur naturally in that country.
OR:
Unspecified forest plantation - Forest plantations showing extent only with no further information about their type, This data currently only refers to the Ukraine.
# *Unclassified forest data - Forest data showing forest extent only with no further information about their type.
Both exotic and native species could be used for both functions: production, and reforestation.
-------------------------------------------------- Note added at 9 hrs (2009-06-13 07:39:58 GMT) --------------------------------------------------
I've finally got it!!! "En macizo" refers to cultivation of a single species, unlike a natural forest that has many species. This is done for the two reasons discussed. It's also called "monoculture".
The are created either by afforestation or reforestation, and they can be for the purpose of raising timber or protecting the land from erosion, in which case they are not felled (I've seen examples of the latter in Chile).
FAO (1998) identifies Plantation as "forest stands established by planting and/or seedling in the process of afforestation or reforestation. They are either: of introduced species (all planted stands), or intensively managed stands of indigenous species, which meet all the following criteria: one or two species at planting, even age class, regular spacing. http://74.125.155.132/search?q=cache:-QvJaQftMGEJ:www.cifor....
Mar 15, 2002 ... allow the distinction of the full range of planted forest types. Ignoring these differences ... production, for example fruit tree plantations. It also excludes trees planted in ... “Forest plantation”. A forest established by planting or/and seeding in the process of afforestation or reforestation. ... www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Typology/John-ty...
The profitability was evaluated for **single species plantations** using Eucalyptus ... large areas of natural forest have been removed from timber production, ..... Planning of forest plantation investments with the aid of linear ...
linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378112797002636
... forest plantations of single species (native or introduced) stands, ... Both studies used prevailing forest plantation definitions as detailed by FAO (1998). ... 64 percent--depending upon the forest plantation production scenario and ... 2008) strongly support afforestation and reforestation in rehabilitation ... www.entrepreneur.com/tradejournals/article/191954507.html
After doing some more reading, I'm now convinced that "en macizo" would be rendered in English as 'intensively managed'. There are exotic and native forest plantations, and both can be used either for production or reforestation.
The way your quote is worded, I can't tell if there is yet another forest plantation type that is not described here, or whether the first (en macizo) is production and the second is reforestation. Production forest plantations are definitely not for purposes of restoring the land.
These thick forestry projects are not just for production (i.e. timber/lumber/wood harvestry). These reforestation projects are also for protection of the ground-base (i.e. to prevent soil erosion).
plantaciones forestales en macizo = reforestation projects
(This implies macizo is NOT redundant, but I'm no expert in reforestation)
Existen dos tipos de plantaciones:
Plantaciones Forestales en macizo, que tiene por objetivo la Producción (venta de productos maderables y no maderables) y la Protección (en cabeceras de cuenca, defensa ribereña, protección de taludes, belleza escénica y servicios ambientales). En promedio, del total de plantaciones instaladas anualmente, el 47% son en macizos.
Plantaciones Agroforestales, tiene como objetivo el servicio ambiental y se constituyen en tres sistemas, Silvícola (árbol + cultivo), Silvopastoril (árbol + pasto) y Agrosilvopastoril (árbol + cultivo + pastos).
Explanation: reforestation = restoration of a depleted forest, but it can also include in its definition the concept of afforestation, which by itself, means converting non-forest land into forest.
The concept of agroforestation means selectively planting trees and shrubs to protect ground soil for purposes of enhancing agriculture and cattle/animal grazing.
-------------------------------------------------- Note added at 3 hrs (2009-06-13 01:46:05 GMT) --------------------------------------------------
In other words, "en macizo" means creating a new, thick, dense forest, either for lumber cultivation or to protect against riverbank and wind-related soil erosion, whereas agro means it's specifically for purposes of soil enrichment.
jack_speak Local time: 12:10 Native speaker of: English
Explanation: 191,000 references. 'Mass' is redundant, and there's only one example of 'mass forest plantings' - 'mass forest plantations' doesn't make sense.
-------------------------------------------------- Note added at 11 mins (2009-06-12 22:15:46 GMT) --------------------------------------------------
Forest plantations were originally established to provide industrial timber, mainly in those countries, such as South Africa or the United Kingdom, ... www.cfa-international.org/CWF/CWF-686.htm
Forest plantations are essentially tree crops planted for the particular ... Forest plantations are generally composed of a few tree species which have ...
rainforests.mongabay.com/1011.htm
-------------------------------------------------- Note added at 4 hrs (2009-06-13 02:10:50 GMT) --------------------------------------------------
Thanks to Jack, I've learned that there are two kinds of forest plantations, and this one is probably called a 'production forest plantation' (319 hits) - 319 references. Examples:
The production forest plantation program which aims to produce the timber needs of Bicolanos will save the death of the logging industry in the Bicol Region ... www.neda5.net/updated_rdp/chapter14_forestry.htm
There are far more hardwood than softwood species in the world, though the latter are often better known as production forest plantation species. ...
books.google.com/books?isbn=0849328195... -
-------------------------------------------------- Note added at 9 hrs (2009-06-13 07:17:45 GMT) --------------------------------------------------
Guys, after mulling over Jack's comments for several hours, I'm going back to my original position that "en macizo" refers to the density of the forest and nature of the planting. It might be translated as 'intensiveliy managed'.
According to Wikipedia, there are the two types of planted forests:
Exotic species plantation - Intensively managed forests with > 30% canopy cover, which have been planted by people with species not naturally occurring in that country.
Native species plantation - Intensively managed forests with > 30% canopy cover, which have been planted by people with species that occur naturally in that country.
OR:
Unspecified forest plantation - Forest plantations showing extent only with no further information about their type, This data currently only refers to the Ukraine.
# *Unclassified forest data - Forest data showing forest extent only with no further information about their type.
Both exotic and native species could be used for both functions: production, and reforestation.
-------------------------------------------------- Note added at 9 hrs (2009-06-13 07:39:58 GMT) --------------------------------------------------
I've finally got it!!! "En macizo" refers to cultivation of a single species, unlike a natural forest that has many species. This is done for the two reasons discussed. It's also called "monoculture".
The are created either by afforestation or reforestation, and they can be for the purpose of raising timber or protecting the land from erosion, in which case they are not felled (I've seen examples of the latter in Chile).
FAO (1998) identifies Plantation as "forest stands established by planting and/or seedling in the process of afforestation or reforestation. They are either: of introduced species (all planted stands), or intensively managed stands of indigenous species, which meet all the following criteria: one or two species at planting, even age class, regular spacing. http://74.125.155.132/search?q=cache:-QvJaQftMGEJ:www.cifor....
Mar 15, 2002 ... allow the distinction of the full range of planted forest types. Ignoring these differences ... production, for example fruit tree plantations. It also excludes trees planted in ... “Forest plantation”. A forest established by planting or/and seeding in the process of afforestation or reforestation. ... www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Typology/John-ty...
The profitability was evaluated for **single species plantations** using Eucalyptus ... large areas of natural forest have been removed from timber production, ..... Planning of forest plantation investments with the aid of linear ...
linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378112797002636
... forest plantations of single species (native or introduced) stands, ... Both studies used prevailing forest plantation definitions as detailed by FAO (1998). ... 64 percent--depending upon the forest plantation production scenario and ... 2008) strongly support afforestation and reforestation in rehabilitation ... www.entrepreneur.com/tradejournals/article/191954507.html
Muriel Vasconcellos United States Local time: 09:10 Works in field Native speaker of: English PRO pts in category: 20
The translation workplace 
peer agreement (net): +2
