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Spanish to English translations [PRO] Social Sciences - Government / Politics / Political theory
Spanish term or phrase:satsfactores y sentidos
Context:
Es la especie humana en su conjunto (en la dialéctica entre individuo y colectividad) la que, problemáticamente, define esa proyección al momento de la producción consumidora y del consumo productivo. Se produce y se consume simultáneamente satisfactores y sentidos.
Explanation: I realise this sounds distinctly odd, not to say crudely literal, but I believe this is what the terms mean and that these are the English equivalents that have to be used.
First, let me note in passing that this collocation (in Spanish), though unusual, is not unique. Here is another example, from an essay on educational theory:
"Es uno de los lugares donde adquiere concreción la polisemia señalada en el punto anterior, dándole formas a maneras de conocer lo pedagógico y su práctica desde concepciones, intereses, visiones, satisfactores y sentidos totalmente diferenciados de la simple modernización que el capitalismo está haciendo de su escuela."
Marco Raúl Mejía, "Los movimientos educativos y pedagógicos del siglo XXI", p. 20 http://168.176.26.17/recipo/sites/default/files/7_Movimiento...
This author goes on quite a lot about "sentidos", and generally seems to mean "meanings", but more of that in a moment.
"Satisfactores" seem to be called "satisfiers" in English. They have a Spanish Wikipedia page:
"Se entiende por satisfactor a todo bien de consumo que cubre necesidades para el ser humano." http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satisfactor
This essay discusses in detail what "satisfactores" are and how they are related to "necesidades":
"Son los satisfactores los que definen la modalidad dominante que una cultura o una sociedad imprime a las necesidades. Los satisfactores no son los bienes económicos disponibles sino que están referidos a todo aquello que, por representar formas de ser, tener, hacer y estar, contribuye a la realización de necesidades humanas." http://habitat.aq.upm.es/deh/adeh_6.html
Here is an essay in English that discusses the same issue:
"This distinction of satisfiers and needs is made by many authors, and Max-Neef et al. (1986, pp. 41-43) also distinguish satisfiers from goods as different analytical spaces in the sense of spaces developed by Amartya Sen (1983, p. 335). Orthodox economists, and paradoxically Sen (1985), usually restrict satisfiers to goods and services, whereas Lederer (1980) identifies objects, relations, and activities as satisfiers and Boltvinik (2007), on the base of Markus’s description of Marx’s conception of human nature and of Max-Neef’s satisfiers and needs matrix, has identified seven types of satisfiers: goods; services; activities; relations; information, knowledge and theories; capacities; and institutions." http://what-when-how.com/social-sciences/needs-social-scienc...
The reference to information as a satisfier is perhaps significant.
So I think we have to call them "satisfiers". It is not a word I have ever used in everyday conversation, but those accustomed to this sort of writing will readily understand what it refers to.
As for "sentidos", I think it must mean "meanings". I wondered whether it might be a term of art with a quite different and unsuspected meaning, but I can't find any sign of that. On the other hand, the production and consumption of meaning(s) is a fairly common concept. Here, for example, is a sociological definition of communication:
"Es la relación humana que consiste en la emisión/recepción de mensajes entre interlocutores en estado total de reciprocidad; es un proceso de intercambio de información que favorece la producción social de sentidos." http://www.creas.org/recursos/archivosdoc/pubcreas/Glosario....
I think we would say "social production of meanings", and such language is, as I say, fairly standard:
"The essays contained in Part I elucidate the relationship between language and interpretation as the mechanisms through which cultures produce and consume meanings."
Dani Cavallaro, Critical and Cultural Theory: Thematic Variations, p. 4. http://books.google.es/books?id=coqW0qPzT3kC&pg=PA4&lpg=PA4&...
"We simultaneously produce and consume satisfiers and meanings."
If you really can't stomach "meanings" (and I can't say I actually like it), I suppose "information", might be a viable alternative, but I don't think it would be strictly accurate. After all, information is itself a satisfier.
-------------------------------------------------- Note added at 13 hrs (2012-01-25 11:13:36 GMT) --------------------------------------------------
Or would "meaning", in the singular, work better? Maybe.
-------------------------------------------------- Note added at 16 hrs (2012-01-25 14:55:33 GMT) --------------------------------------------------
David
As I hinted in my answer, I share your unease with "meanings", though with a bit of practice I'm beginning to get used to it. I'm inclined to think that "sensations" probably is stretching it too far; "sentidos" is more conceptual, as I read it. My earlier suggestion of "information" might be worth considering, or otherwise "ideas" or "concepts" are perhaps closer to "meanings" but more palatable in context. But this is a hell of a question!
-------------------------------------------------- Note added at 20 hrs (2012-01-25 18:30:27 GMT) --------------------------------------------------
Or "understanding"? (You can produce understanding, but can you consume it? Hmm...)
I feel duty bound to give the points to Charles, as this was what I used with the deadline looming. I'm still not 100% sure (I don't think he is, either), but let's say I found it the least unconvincing option. If that sounds like damning with faint praise, it's not. It was a genuinely puzzling term and I'm not sure the author was quite sure what he meant by it either. The text was laden with such terminology and appeared to have been written in a hurry, with not a single concrete example of the historical phenomena it so elaborately theorised. Merlinva correctly identified its Marxian/neo-Hegelian lineage (though there was a lot of other stuff in the theoretical brew) and I totally agree we should seek clues in the discourse type as she suggested. I was swayed (as I usually am) by Muriel's suggestion. But I'm also very much with Charles in insisting on what the dictionary meanings will bear. For me, the term had to collocate convincingly with "consume and produce", and Charles' came closest to doing that. The stumbling block was "consume" (odd that there should be a difference, because you would think that if you can produce something then surely you can consume it?) and in that respect the other terms were harder to swallow in their entirety. But it was a fascinating - and civilised - discussion, which I felt yielded some real insights into our difficult art. Thank you all very much for your contributions. 4 KudoZ points were awarded for this answer
Merlinva convinced me, after I re-read her discussion. I have posted a new answer (because the other one is now so old). I'm still sticking with 'felt needs'.
Yes, I understood that to be how you were interpreting it. As I said in an earlier comment, I am very doubtful whether "sentido" can be used like that, and consequently do not believe the author is using it like that, though I may be wrong.
I understand "sentido" to mean 'that which is felt'- rather than a noun referring to a thing, such as 'sense'. It's generic and doesn't necessarily imply 'needs', so it doesn't have to agree with "necesidades" in the grammatical sense. How else could this be expressed in English. BTW, I thought of using 'satisfiers''because of the challenge of the rest of the phrase. As for the objection to 'products', I don't know what else is produced that meets needs except products. I'll be interested if anyone comes up with a better solution.
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Hi David, just thinking that if might be useful to one sentence before and one after the paragraph you posted, to see if the author explains further the meaning.
How do I delete my first entry?
Sorry Muriel but I disagree because some authors consciously avoid the term "needs" your term "products", implies some kind of production, but a satisfier could have been something not produced as such.
"Satisfiers" is a technical term used in economics, development, and consumption theory. You can find definitions in almost any article on "Human Scale Development" . Regarding the term "needs" if the author of the text in questions would have wanted to use it, it would be there as it is part of an established "chunk of meaning", i.e. "wants and needs" or "satisfactores y necesidades" or " satisfactores y necesidades sentidas" but the author did not write any of that. In my opinion, the author purposely wanted to depart form the term "needs" , it happens specially when writers are trying to develop new theories or approaches, they depart from established language and adventure into new linguistic territories.
Something important to notice is that if the author would have written "sentidos" as to imply felt needs, or "necesidades sentidas", the word would have been "sentidas" to coordinate the gender case as "necesidades" is femenine in Spanis
"El sentir de la comunidad" is the way the community feels, and "felt needs" is not too remote from that, but I don't think you could express this as "los sentidos de la comunidad", any more than you could replace "los sentimientos" with "los sentidos".
Y'know, I actually deleted my answer, thought about it, and then reposted it. The more I thought about it, the more I thought that it was an appropriate solution.
Thanks. Yes, a very stimulating discussion!
I don’t dislike Marxian thought. I was only disputing that the objects of production and consumption are necessarily material. But as I say, I don’t think that’s worth arguing about.
Your new answer (“motives”) and Muriel’s answer (“felt needs”) both seem to interpret “sentidos” as denoting that which the satisfiers satisfy, so the writer is essentially saying that needs and the satisfaction of needs perpetuate each other in an endless cycle of production and consumption. This is a very attractive reading, because it fits the context well. But I find it hard to see how “sentidos” can bear this meaning. I haven’t yet seen any evidence of it being used in this special sense elsewhere. If it is established usage, you would expect to find “satisfactores" and "sentidos” used like this in other texts, but you don’t. If it is a personal coinage, it is a very strange one, because there are other more obvious ways he could have expressed the same idea. In theory “sentidos” could mean “things felt”, and perhaps it does, but I have never seen it used like that. For me, the fact that it fits the context is not enough to overcome this difficulty.
Dear Charles,
As I said, "meaning" is a good attempt but does not comprehend the idea of the text its the social and philosophical context. Here, the word "dialectics" is a milestone, showing that posthegelian, more precisely, Marx analysis is part of the picture. Additional keywords are the terms production, consumption, human nature, individual and collective. These clearly show that it is a text on philosophy, economic anthropology, social or political theory or the theoretical section of a work from development studies or similar. For me they are clearly mapping the text, but those signposts are not seen by everybody, it depends on the codes provided by our academic disciplines to decipher the world.
It is about theories of consumption and de creation of subjectivity and identity in the world of goods. ( look at Mary Douglas, Danny Miller, Sahlins and others as you do not like the Marx's political economy).
I think that I have found the appropriate terms, which I posted as another answer. Thank you for the opportunity to have such an interesting and stimulating exchange. I hope you have enjoyed it. Buenas noches.
I am sorry, but I cannot agree that only material things can be produced and consumed, whatever Marxians may say (or may once have said), and I think it is absolutely certain that "satisfactores y sentidos" does not refer only to material things here. "Satisfactores", by most definitions, including the one you quote in your answer, includes non-material things, and "sentidos" can only refer to something non-material; none of the possible meanings of "sentido" is material.
However, the question of materiality is a red herring. The question is what does "sentidos" mean here.
It cannot, in principle, mean sensations or emotional feelings. It is not a synonym of "sensaciones" or "sentimientos". The noun "sentido" can mean a faculty of perception or sensation (as in los cinco sentidos), or a rational faculty (as in sentido común), or a direction, but it can't mean any of these things here; none of them can be objects of production or consumption. So I think "sentidos" has to mean "meanings" here, because no other possible meaning of "sentidos" makes any sense in this context. That doesn't mean "meanings" has to be the translation, but that is the idea we have to express.
Hi, it is an interesting discussion. It seems that I cannot reply to your reply further down, so I will do it here.
My comment was
"Sorry, Charles, meanings sounds very well but I disagree. There might be a better term. It reduces the meaning of "sentidos" to something just mental or conceptual while "sentidos" has an actual material and sensorial meaning, it is both mind and matter."
Your reply:
"Well, I'm not sure "meanings" does sound very well, but I am sure that this is what "sentidos" means here. Of course the word "sentido" can mean other things, but I really don't agree that it is sensorial here, and I don't think it can be material at all."
I disagree, besides the word game going on here there are some important philosophical connotations. It has to be something material as we are talking about production, and this is related to Marxian theories on production, the market and commodities. Production is always related to matter, to actual transformation and interaction with the actual world. That was one of the basis of neohegelians like Marx's critique of idealist philosophy. It is not mind that makes life but the material conditions of life (& production) make the mind.
It is important to bear in mind that "sentidos" refers to something that is produced and consumed. Not every possible meaning of the word "sentido" will fulfil this condition.
Hi Emiliano, I am afraid it has nothing to do with "resentimiento" or "consumer satisfaction as such.That paragraph sounds like a text on the anthropology or sociology of consumption or political/social theory. Probably related to the construction of subjectivity in capitalist societies.
Hello. I agree with Charles Davis about "satisfactores". Regarding how to translate "sentidos" it is a more complex issue. In my opinion, probably "sense" is the closest. The author here is playing with multiple meanings, which are: 1. "sentidos" as senses, or the sensorial aspect of consumption; 2. sentidos as feelings, perhaps as if consumers consume some kind of feelings or feeling are produced by the act of consuming. 3. "Sentidos" as something making sense, have a logical cause or reason to happen. The issue here is to identify what is the empahsis given by the author, if the sensorial aspect, the emotional aspect or the logical or rational aspect. If there is an English word combining the three aspects, that is the one required. To me, sense is probably the one closer to the Spanish meaning.
"Satisfactores", I find, are called "satisfiers" in sociological jargon. It means things that people consume to satisfy their needs or desires. But at the moment I can't for the life of me see what "sentidos" means.
Automatic update in 00:
Answers
3 hrs confidence: peer agreement (net): -1
established products thst satisfy the consumer
Explanation: I read "sentidos" as "established products"
-------------------------------------------------- Note added at 3 hrs (2012-01-25 01:18:58 GMT) --------------------------------------------------
but have forgotten how to spell "that" lol
David Hollywood Local time: 23:28 Meets criteria Native speaker of: English PRO pts in category: 135
Explanation: I realise this sounds distinctly odd, not to say crudely literal, but I believe this is what the terms mean and that these are the English equivalents that have to be used.
First, let me note in passing that this collocation (in Spanish), though unusual, is not unique. Here is another example, from an essay on educational theory:
"Es uno de los lugares donde adquiere concreción la polisemia señalada en el punto anterior, dándole formas a maneras de conocer lo pedagógico y su práctica desde concepciones, intereses, visiones, satisfactores y sentidos totalmente diferenciados de la simple modernización que el capitalismo está haciendo de su escuela."
Marco Raúl Mejía, "Los movimientos educativos y pedagógicos del siglo XXI", p. 20 http://168.176.26.17/recipo/sites/default/files/7_Movimiento...
This author goes on quite a lot about "sentidos", and generally seems to mean "meanings", but more of that in a moment.
"Satisfactores" seem to be called "satisfiers" in English. They have a Spanish Wikipedia page:
"Se entiende por satisfactor a todo bien de consumo que cubre necesidades para el ser humano." http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satisfactor
This essay discusses in detail what "satisfactores" are and how they are related to "necesidades":
"Son los satisfactores los que definen la modalidad dominante que una cultura o una sociedad imprime a las necesidades. Los satisfactores no son los bienes económicos disponibles sino que están referidos a todo aquello que, por representar formas de ser, tener, hacer y estar, contribuye a la realización de necesidades humanas." http://habitat.aq.upm.es/deh/adeh_6.html
Here is an essay in English that discusses the same issue:
"This distinction of satisfiers and needs is made by many authors, and Max-Neef et al. (1986, pp. 41-43) also distinguish satisfiers from goods as different analytical spaces in the sense of spaces developed by Amartya Sen (1983, p. 335). Orthodox economists, and paradoxically Sen (1985), usually restrict satisfiers to goods and services, whereas Lederer (1980) identifies objects, relations, and activities as satisfiers and Boltvinik (2007), on the base of Markus’s description of Marx’s conception of human nature and of Max-Neef’s satisfiers and needs matrix, has identified seven types of satisfiers: goods; services; activities; relations; information, knowledge and theories; capacities; and institutions." http://what-when-how.com/social-sciences/needs-social-scienc...
The reference to information as a satisfier is perhaps significant.
So I think we have to call them "satisfiers". It is not a word I have ever used in everyday conversation, but those accustomed to this sort of writing will readily understand what it refers to.
As for "sentidos", I think it must mean "meanings". I wondered whether it might be a term of art with a quite different and unsuspected meaning, but I can't find any sign of that. On the other hand, the production and consumption of meaning(s) is a fairly common concept. Here, for example, is a sociological definition of communication:
"Es la relación humana que consiste en la emisión/recepción de mensajes entre interlocutores en estado total de reciprocidad; es un proceso de intercambio de información que favorece la producción social de sentidos." http://www.creas.org/recursos/archivosdoc/pubcreas/Glosario....
I think we would say "social production of meanings", and such language is, as I say, fairly standard:
"The essays contained in Part I elucidate the relationship between language and interpretation as the mechanisms through which cultures produce and consume meanings."
Dani Cavallaro, Critical and Cultural Theory: Thematic Variations, p. 4. http://books.google.es/books?id=coqW0qPzT3kC&pg=PA4&lpg=PA4&...
"We simultaneously produce and consume satisfiers and meanings."
If you really can't stomach "meanings" (and I can't say I actually like it), I suppose "information", might be a viable alternative, but I don't think it would be strictly accurate. After all, information is itself a satisfier.
-------------------------------------------------- Note added at 13 hrs (2012-01-25 11:13:36 GMT) --------------------------------------------------
Or would "meaning", in the singular, work better? Maybe.
-------------------------------------------------- Note added at 16 hrs (2012-01-25 14:55:33 GMT) --------------------------------------------------
David
As I hinted in my answer, I share your unease with "meanings", though with a bit of practice I'm beginning to get used to it. I'm inclined to think that "sensations" probably is stretching it too far; "sentidos" is more conceptual, as I read it. My earlier suggestion of "information" might be worth considering, or otherwise "ideas" or "concepts" are perhaps closer to "meanings" but more palatable in context. But this is a hell of a question!
-------------------------------------------------- Note added at 20 hrs (2012-01-25 18:30:27 GMT) --------------------------------------------------
Or "understanding"? (You can produce understanding, but can you consume it? Hmm...)
Charles Davis Local time: 04:28 Meets criteria Works in field Native speaker of: English PRO pts in category: 72
Grading comment
I feel duty bound to give the points to Charles, as this was what I used with the deadline looming. I'm still not 100% sure (I don't think he is, either), but let's say I found it the least unconvincing option. If that sounds like damning with faint praise, it's not. It was a genuinely puzzling term and I'm not sure the author was quite sure what he meant by it either. The text was laden with such terminology and appeared to have been written in a hurry, with not a single concrete example of the historical phenomena it so elaborately theorised. Merlinva correctly identified its Marxian/neo-Hegelian lineage (though there was a lot of other stuff in the theoretical brew) and I totally agree we should seek clues in the discourse type as she suggested. I was swayed (as I usually am) by Muriel's suggestion. But I'm also very much with Charles in insisting on what the dictionary meanings will bear. For me, the term had to collocate convincingly with "consume and produce", and Charles' came closest to doing that. The stumbling block was "consume" (odd that there should be a difference, because you would think that if you can produce something then surely you can consume it?) and in that respect the other terms were harder to swallow in their entirety. But it was a fascinating - and civilised - discussion, which I felt yielded some real insights into our difficult art. Thank you all very much for your contributions.
Notes to answerer
Asker: This is really helpful, Charles. I'm not really comfortable with "meanings" but you make the case well. My only other thought is "sensations", which I feel collocates better with "produce and consume", but that may well be stretching "sentidos" too far. What do you think?
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