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Spanish to English translations [PRO] Marketing - Tourism & Travel
Spanish term or phrase:ferrería
Please offer suggestions that would fit with the rest of the meaning of this sentence. I did see what the dictionary says about ¨ferrería¨ but help me figure out how that fits into this context.
El paisaje natural de bosques dio lugar con la aparición de las ferrerías al paisaje de pastos y huertas tan característicos.
Explanation: A "ferrería" used to be a forge where iron (obtained in a semi solid state, as the available technology at the time precluded obtaining it in fully molten -liquid- state), was beaten to refine it to something akin to steel, vastly more resistant, and to shape it to the desired end piece.
This was done in an open hearth, with charcoal as the source for both heat and carbon, which the beating dissolved into the mass, and gave it the extra resistance. Vast amounts of air were needed, and these were insuflated by a giant bellows, which was usually "powered" by a toothed wheel which, in turn, was driven by a water wheel -and this is why they all were at a water stream side.
Using charcoal means also that vast amounts of wood were used, and this is why they were also located near a forest -and the reason for the forest being razed sooner or later, and for it being substituted by "pastos".
-------------------------------------------------- Note added at 8 hrs (2008-02-19 08:52:44 GMT) --------------------------------------------------
Ah, by the way: "Ferrería" translates as "bloomery": See
-------------------------------------------------- Note added at 8 hrs (2008-02-19 09:12:47 GMT) --------------------------------------------------
In absolute agreement with noni, I would substitute "bloomery" for "early/primitive iron works". Bloomery is the word in a context of history of metallurgy, but this is far off the mark in this context here
-------------------------------------------------- Note added at 9 hrs (2008-02-19 10:37:38 GMT) --------------------------------------------------
This is spot-on, both historically and in context, and it is exactly to the point and fully understandable for the readers in this field -and concise, too.
-------------------------------------------------- Note added at 10 hrs (2008-02-19 10:44:52 GMT) --------------------------------------------------
I would add "serious" to "blacksmithing" (and thanks for the word, btw. I knew it, but had it away from memory -had toyed with "ironsmithing", but no, it is not that...). I mean that at this point in time, blacksmithing was already a NECESSARY production, and many utensils were in daily use (swords and knives, plow blades...). "Serious" might not be a "serious-enough" word here, but I hope I have conveyed the idea. The technology was by then well in use, and this was an activity well established enough, past the "invention-discovery" stage.
Thank you for the detailed historical explanation. Also, thank you to all of you for participating in this discussion. As always, I learn so much from you. 4 KudoZ points were awarded for this answer
psicutrinius, entiendo que las ferrerías, los molinos, las represas, etc. son parte de la ingeniería hidráulica así como los edificios, las viviendas, etc. son parte de la arquitectura urbana. Las ferrerías utilizaban una de las dos fuerzas naturales:
Marina, más bien es al revés, es decir, la ingeniería hidráulica es parte de las ferrerías. Se aprovechaba la energía del agua para insuflar aire (y también para accionar el martillo, desde poco después) ¿no?
Myriam, see the two comments I added after your question about "emergency of blacksmithing", please. And on a THIRD thought, perhaps instead of adding "serious" I would substitute "emergency" with "consolidation"...
Yes, Psicutrinius, you are right. I understood you well, but I didn't explain my idea well enough. All I wanted to say was that people changed the landscape. And, of course, it was craftmanship (industry is too strong in this context). Thanks for yr note.
Para. 6 speaks of clash betw. ind and agric: "Las ferrerías fueron las principales consumidoras de carbón (materia prima imprescindible para la fundición de hierro) por lo que se las denominó "Devoradoras de bosques". etc"
Well, I didn't mean EXACTLY that, Kalinka: Industry (rather, craftmanship at the time), destroyed the forest and THAT gave way to agriculture on the land previously forested.
Dear Myriam, in my opinion, the text says that human intervention changed the traditional landscape and the agriculture gave way to industry. I totally agree with Psicutrinius.
Uy!! ésta es difícil. Estuve investigando un poco y encontré que se llamaba 'ferrerías' a los canales de agua o algo así, está relacionado con los molinos. Sorry, no tengo claro qué es en español así que... Quizás alguien que sepa de ingeniería hidráulica
the emergence of iron-working activities / the starting up of iron-working activities
Explanation: The expression "la aparición de las ferrerías" is explained in here:
"Posiblemente la riqueza que ofrecía el medio natural en la comarca propició ***la aparición de las ferrerías*** y en consecuencia la creación de una importante industria relacionada con la manufactura del hierro, que en Santalla alcanzó una gran preponderancia."
You could translate the sentence like this:
"With the emergence of iron-working activities, the natural wooded landscape gave way to ..."
Explanation: A "ferrería" used to be a forge where iron (obtained in a semi solid state, as the available technology at the time precluded obtaining it in fully molten -liquid- state), was beaten to refine it to something akin to steel, vastly more resistant, and to shape it to the desired end piece.
This was done in an open hearth, with charcoal as the source for both heat and carbon, which the beating dissolved into the mass, and gave it the extra resistance. Vast amounts of air were needed, and these were insuflated by a giant bellows, which was usually "powered" by a toothed wheel which, in turn, was driven by a water wheel -and this is why they all were at a water stream side.
Using charcoal means also that vast amounts of wood were used, and this is why they were also located near a forest -and the reason for the forest being razed sooner or later, and for it being substituted by "pastos".
-------------------------------------------------- Note added at 8 hrs (2008-02-19 08:52:44 GMT) --------------------------------------------------
Ah, by the way: "Ferrería" translates as "bloomery": See
-------------------------------------------------- Note added at 8 hrs (2008-02-19 09:12:47 GMT) --------------------------------------------------
In absolute agreement with noni, I would substitute "bloomery" for "early/primitive iron works". Bloomery is the word in a context of history of metallurgy, but this is far off the mark in this context here
-------------------------------------------------- Note added at 9 hrs (2008-02-19 10:37:38 GMT) --------------------------------------------------
This is spot-on, both historically and in context, and it is exactly to the point and fully understandable for the readers in this field -and concise, too.
-------------------------------------------------- Note added at 10 hrs (2008-02-19 10:44:52 GMT) --------------------------------------------------
I would add "serious" to "blacksmithing" (and thanks for the word, btw. I knew it, but had it away from memory -had toyed with "ironsmithing", but no, it is not that...). I mean that at this point in time, blacksmithing was already a NECESSARY production, and many utensils were in daily use (swords and knives, plow blades...). "Serious" might not be a "serious-enough" word here, but I hope I have conveyed the idea. The technology was by then well in use, and this was an activity well established enough, past the "invention-discovery" stage.
psicutrinius Spain Local time: 10:03 Native speaker of: Spanish, Catalan PRO pts in category: 8
Grading comment
Thank you for the detailed historical explanation. Also, thank you to all of you for participating in this discussion. As always, I learn so much from you.
Notes to answerer
Asker: Can I say the "emergence of blacksmithing", which would be more readily understood by the general public? Or is that historically incorrect?
Explanation: Tradicionalmente el topónimo ha sido traducido como “Ferrería del alto” pero en documentos antiguos aparece como GARINDOLA, es decir: cabañas o ferrería de ... www.luzaide-valcarlos.net/es/luzaide/barrios.htm - 13k -
-------------------------------------------------- Note added at 14 hrs (2008-02-19 14:56:41 GMT) --------------------------------------------------
Olvidemos lo de 'cottage'....
Insisto en que las ferrerías (de origen vasco) eran la fuerza motriz que se utilizaba en los 'ferrones' (forges). El término vasco/esukeba para 'ferrería' es HAIZEOLAK.
En el sig link hay varias imágenes:
Propongo (WATER-POWERED) FORGES para traducirlo:
Water-powered forges
23. Vertical waterwheel for driving the hammer at the Agorregi forge (Aia). The introduction of water to power iron working and processing operations between the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Modern Era marked the first great technical revolution in the industry. Initially, a vertical water-wheel, coupled up to a shaft, was used to drive the hammer used for beating out impurities and refining the ore. (...)
The hydraulic system was developed in Western Europe between the eleventh and twelfth centuries-it had already been tried out in grain mills-for a variety of processes (for milling, lime, batt, sugar cane, etc.) (...)
28. Clear proof of the importance of the ironworking industry in Gipuzkoa are the numerous weirs along the province's rivers, such as this one at Barrenola Behekoa in Azpeitia. Essentially a forge contains a dam or weir, to capture the water; a channel or millrace, to channel it, a millpond, a water tunnel-where the wheels are located-and the iron workshop itself. In addition to this basic set-up, there were other elements such as the furnace or area for preliminary roasting and calcining of the ore, the platform and perhaps small sheds where the ore was stored and cut up, etc. (...)
The first great division of the industry appears to have developed as a result of specialisation: some forges devoted themselves to the work described above-working the ore to obtain metal-and were known as the Greater Forges [Ferrerías Mayores], as opposed to the Lesser Forges [Ferrerías Menores], which used the iron produced by the Greater Forges to make tools such as nails, hoes, ploughshares, spades, and so on.
The first great division of the industry appears to have developed as a result of specialisation: some forges devoted themselves to the work described above-working the ore to obtain metal-and were known as the Greater Forges [Ferrerías Mayores], as opposed to the Lesser Forges [Ferrerías Menores], which used the iron produced by the Greater Forges to make tools such as nails, hoes, ploughshares, spades, and so on. http://bertan.gipuzkoakultura2.net/eu/16/en/2.php
Marina Menendez Argentina Local time: 05:03 Works in field Native speaker of: Spanish
The translation workplace 
peer agreement (net): +1
