| Korean to English: What is Free Radical |
Source text - Korean
산소는 인간에게 없어서는 안 되는 것이지만, 신체 대사 중 영양분과 산소가 에너지를 만들고 물로 환원되는 과정에서 활성산소로 불리 우는 매우 공격성 있는 산소의 분자가 생깁니다.
활성산소는 분자구조에서 짝을 이루지 못한 전자들로 높은 반응성을 갖게 되어 주위 세포들을 공격하게 됩니다.
이것은 항산화제, 효소작용, 재결합에 의해 무력화되기도 하지만,
활성산소의 연쇄 반응, 그 밖의 환경적 요인에 의해 과잉 생성되면 병원균, 바이러스, 암세포뿐만 아니라 정상적인 내부세포에 대해서도 공격을 해 각종 질병 및 노화의 원인이 되고 있습니다.
이는 과학적으로 1956년 미국 Nebraska 대학 Ph.D. Denham Harman에 의해 증명되었고, 그 후 이에 관련된 수많은 연구와 논문들이 학계에 발표되었습니다.
| Translation - English
Oxygen is essential for our survival but the relatively highly reactive oxygen enables it to form free radicals readily. A number of highly reactive free radicals are generated in living systems as an unavoidable consequence of aerobic respiration. Free radicals are a chemical molecular species, which are extremely reactive by virtue of having unpaired electrons.
Free radicals formed by the process of reduction of oxygen can be compromised by antioxidants, enzyme defense, and compounding with electrons to stabilize its function. Generally, free radicals attack the nearest stable molecule. When the "attacked" molecule loses its electron, it becomes a free radical itself, beginning a chain reaction. Once the process is started, it can cascade, finally resulting in the disruption of a living cell.
Free radicals are formed as a consequence of a chain reaction of oxygen, metabolism of many foreign chemicals, and endogenous compounds, and environmental factors such as air pollution, radiation, cigarette smoke and herbicides. Free radicals not only attack bacteria, virus, and cancer cells but also attack normal cells, which causes diseases and aging by deteriorating the body's immune system.
Of particular importance is that free radical damage accumulates with age.
The free radical theory was scientifically validated by Denham Harman, PhD at the University of Nebraska in 1956. Numerous articles regarding the free radical theory have been published since then.
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