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English to Chinese - Standard rate: 0.11 GBP per word / 30 GBP per hour Chinese to English - Standard rate: 0.11 GBP per character / 30 GBP per hour
Blue Board entries made by this user
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Sample translations submitted: 2
English to Chinese: Paris attacks: Security flaws and challenges highlighted General field: Social Sciences Detailed field: Safety
Source text - English Paris attacks: Security flaws and challenges highlighted
Already, a number of intelligence failures and security challenges have been identified in the wake of the Paris attacks.
The first challenge is for the French security services. A number of those involved in the attacks ¬were known to the authorities for extremist links and yet made it out to Syria and then were able to get back to France apparently undetected. There may well have been a specific failure here but it is hard to be sure yet. A large terror operation like Paris takes considerable planning and normally that would leave some kind of a footprint - often in the form of electronic communications and contact with people under surveillance - that intelligence agencies would hope to pick up and yet in this case they did not. That may be due to operational security by the group involved, especially if they found ways to communicate that were not monitored (there have been reports they used encryption apps but there is no clear evidence of that yet).
But a real problem for French security is the numbers - 1,000 individuals are thought to have gone to Syria from France and keeping track of all of them and of the movements of those who come back is a problem that risks swamping any security service. The main task is risk assessment and prioritisation to try to work out where to devote limited surveillance resources. But this is an art not a science, and the risk-profile of individuals can easily be underestimated. This problem of numbers applies to many other European security and police services as well, including that in the UK.
A second problem is the international dimension. Jihadists operate internationally and the Paris attackers moved across Europe and over borders. Jihadists will always exploit the weakest link in security, including internationally. In the Paris case they appear to have organised in Belgium. The Belgian state is smaller and its security services lack the capacity of the French.
Security services are focused on their own nations and have to rely on liaison with other services to track people who are moving. That leads to a reliance on relationships and information sharing which is not always as good as it should be. The pressure may grow for improving intelligence sharing at a European level - and also with the US - and especially at borders.
Police appear to have stopped individuals involved in the plot and then let them go in some cases. The possibility that one attacker posed as a refugee, perhaps using a faked Syrian passport, adds another element of complexity. The vast flow of people who have entered Europe makes it much easier to hide and move than in the past. Until recently, there was little evidence of any jihadists hiding among refugees but the Paris case, ¬if confirmed, may change that. The problem is that border and entry checks vary from place to place. Some countries have fingerprinted and registered refugee arrivals, others have not, sometimes because they are overwhelmed but also because they simply want to usher refugees onwards as fast as possible to the next country.
Translation - English 2. The current situation of China’s Green Tax System
China had a relatively late start on the study of environmental taxes. The current tax system includes a number of environmental protection-related taxes and incentives, such as Resource tax, City and Township Land Use Tax, Vehicle and Vessel Usage Tax and Consumption Tax. In addition, China has developed a charging system aimed at polluters who discharge sewage, exhaust gas, solid waste and other substances that may cause environmental damage.
Although environmental protection has been an important part of the development of China’s tax system, China does not yet have an independent environmental tax mechanism that is legally binding. Nor does it have a comprehensive environmental tax system. The current tax policy regarding environmental protection provides a certain amount of stimulation and funding to such subject, but these taxes are not set up solely for the purpose of environmental protection. The effectiveness of current environmental protection-related tax policy is not obvious and the overall design of the tax system is not perfect. This has severely restricted the effectiveness of using tax policy as a regulatory tool to control the activities of environmental pollution.
2.1 Existing types of tax limit regulatory capacity on environmental resource protection
Resource tax. China’s initial goal of setting up a resource tax system is to adjust the revenue differential between different regions, caused by differences in both the level of mineral resources and the difficulty in exploiting them. As sustainable development was not an initial consideration, most natural resources such as land, water, oceans, animals and plants were not included as objects of taxation. The predatory exploitation of non-taxable resources was objectively stimulated by the narrowness of tax base. The quantitative tax calculation foundation is unreasonable as exploited resources that are unsold or unused are not taxable. This has resulted in over-exploitation of resources.
Consumption tax. China's current consumption tax is aimed mainly at disposable wooden chopsticks and wooden floors, which objectively helps protecting forests and reducing the indiscriminate felling of trees. However, the demand for such goods is inelastic - under the current low tax rate, consumption tax does not significantly reduce the consumption of these goods. At the same time, products that cause serious environmental pollution - such as plastic products, batteries and certain disposable goods are not included in the current tax scope, limiting the regulatory effect consumption tax can have on consumers’ behaviour. Other types of tax such as VAT, City Maintenance and Construction Tax have similar problems to a certain degree.
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Translation education
Master's degree - University of Westminster
Experience
Years of experience: 11. Registered at ProZ.com: May 2016.
I am a very experienced linguist and localisation adviser who was born in Beijing, China and educated and lived in the UK for the past 17 years. Customers are based in the UK, Europe and China, working with both direct clients and translation companies. Committed to CPD through recognised UK institutions and professional bodies. Actively involved with professional associations to promote highest standards in translation and interpreting in the UK and internationally.
Rates in Sterling/RMB on application – UK VAT registered
Languages:
• English
• Chinese (Mandarin/Simplified)
Interpreting - areas of expertise:
• Conference Interpreting (Consecutive and Simultaneous)
• Meeting Interpreting: Chinese officials' visits to the UK, academic meetings, summits
• Corporate Interpreting: business meetings, corporate negotiations and corporate forums
• Public Service Interpreting: Home Office, police, court, local councils and Housing Associations
• Health Interpreting: NHS pre-surgery consultations, mental health assessments and therapies
• Press conference interpreting
• Project management
• Culture and language training (Chinese)
• Localisation consultancy: for institutions/companies/brands who wish to expand businesses to China or work with Chinese market
Translation - areas of expertise:
• Business, marketing, arts and media: press releases, company magazine, marketing campaign, brochures, websites, architecture, theatre and events
• Technical: engineering, IT hardware and software, electronics & telecoms, energy, infrastructure and construction
• Legal: contracts, terms and conditions, articles of association
Professional Qualifications & Memberships:
• Student Member of Institute of Translation and Interpreting
• Member of Thames Valley Regional Group – Institute of Translation and Interpreting
Keywords: Chinese, Mandarin, localisation, marketing, contracts, consecutive, simultaneous, interpreting, English
Expertise 