 Member since Sep '04
Working languages: Hungarian to English
German to English |
|  Krisztina Vasarhelyi
Medical and Scientific Translations
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Native in: Hungarian  , English | |
Freelancer,  Verified member | | Translation, Editing/proofreading | | Specializes in: | | Medical (general) | Biology (-tech,-chem,micro-) | | Anthropology | Archaeology |
| Also works in: | | History | Linguistics | | Art, Arts & Crafts, Painting | Zoology | | General / Conversation / Greetings / Letters | Genetics | | Materials (Plastics, Ceramics, etc.) |
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More Less | Sample translations submitted: 1| Hungarian to English: Gene Expression | Source text - Hungarian
Zwischen prokaryontischen und eukaryontischen Organismen bestehen erhebliche Unterschiede in der Genexpression. Durch das Fehlen eines Zellkerns bei Prokaryonten können RNA- und Proteinbiosynthese gleichzeitig ablaufen. Demgegenüber werden bei Eukaryonten die im Zellkern als Vorstufen synthetisierten Ribonukleinsäuren, so genannte Primärtranskripte, durch Veränderungen (z. B. Spleißen, Modifizierungen an den Enden, Editieren) erst in reife Formen umgewandelt, die dann außerhalb des Zellkerns wirksam werden. Bei Prokaryonten finden sich Gene, die die Information für Proteine einer Stoffwechselkette tragen, häufig auf der DNA unmittelbar hintereinander angeordnet. Sie besitzen dann oft auch nur einen einzigen gemeinsamen Promotor, die Regeleinheit für den Start der Transkription. Als Ergebnis einer solchen Genstruktur, die sich bei Eukaryonten nicht findet, wird eine mRNA gebildet, die aus mehreren Cistrons besteht. An einem einzigen mRNA-Molekül kann dann die gleichzeitige Translation mehrerer Proteine erfolgen. Auf diese Weise sind die enzymregulierten Schritte ganzer Stoffwechselwege koordiniert. | Translation - English
There are considerable differences in gene expression between prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Due to the lack of a nucleus, RNA and protein synthesis can proceed simultaneously in prokaryotes. In eukaryotes, on the other hand, precursor ribonucleic acids, the so-called primary transcripts, are first synthesized and converted into mature forms through various alterations (e.g. splicing, modifications of the ends, editing) which become active subsequently outside of the nucleus. In prokaryotes, genes that carry information for proteins of a single metabolic chain are often found ordered, following one another in direct sequence on the DNA. In these cases, the group of genes often has a single common promoter, which is the regulatory unit for the start of transcription. The end result of such gene structure, which is not found in eukaryotes, is an mRNA molecule composed of multiple cistrons. Thus, on a single mRNA molecule the translation of several proteins can take place. In this manner, the enzyme regulated steps in an entire metabolic pathway are coordinated. |
More Less | | german-archaeology, german-general, hungarian-general, hungarian-medical, italian-general | | PHD-University of Zurich (Anthropology) | | Years of translation experience: 5. Registered at ProZ.com: Jan 2003. Became a member: Sep 2004. | | N/A | | N/A | | N/A | | Adobe Acrobat, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Word, Powerpoint | | http://www.write-science.ca/Dict | | Keywords: medical, science, biology, genetics, anthropology,
proofreading, technical, history, html,
unix, msoffice, wordfast, html
Profile last updated
Jul 21 |
