Member since Mar '07 Working languages: English to Chinese Chinese to English | | Peggy Huang quality and efficiency New Jersey, United States Local time: 14:45 EST (GMT-5)
Native in: Chinese | |
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More Less | English to Chinese - Rates: 0.10 - 0.14 USD per word / 30 - 40 USD per hour Chinese to English - Rates: 0.10 - 0.14 USD per word / 30 - 40 USD per hour | | Questions answered: 3, Questions asked: 0 Easy / 126 PRO, PRO-level points: 8 | Sample translations submitted: 1| English to Chinese: Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)格林-巴利综合征 | Source text - English What is Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)?
Guillain-Barré (Ghee-yan Bah-ray) Syndrome, also called acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy and Landry's ascending paralysis, is an inflammatory disorder of the peripheral nerves those outside the brain and spinal cord. It is characterized by the rapid onset of weakness and, often, paralysis of the legs, arms, breathing muscles and face. Abnormal sensations often accompany the weakness.
Many patients require an intensive care unit during the early course of their illness, especially if support of breathing with a machine is required. Although most people recover, this can take months, and some may have long term disabilities of varying degrees. Less than 5 percent die. GBS can develop in any person at any age, regardless of gender or ethnic background.
How is GBS Diagnosed?
Quite often, the patient's symptoms and physical exam are sufficient to indicate the diagnosis. The rapid onset of (ascending) weakness, frequently accompanied by abnormal sensations that affect both sides of the body similarly, is a common presenting picture. Loss of reflexes, such as the knee jerk, are usually found. To confirm the diagnosis, a lumbar puncture to find elevated fluid protein and electrical test of nerve and muscle function may be performed.
How is GBS Treated?
Because progression of the disease in its early stages is unpredictable, most newly diagnosed patients are hospitalized and usually placed in an intensive care unit to monitor breathing and other body functions. Care involves use of general supportive measures for the paralyzed patient, and also methods specifically designed to speed recovery, especially for those patients with major problems, such as the inability to walk. Plasma exchange (a blood "cleansing" procedure) and high dose intravenous immune globulins are often helpful to shorten the course of GBS.
Most patients, after their early hospital stay and when medically stable, are candidates for a rehabilitation program to help learn optimal use of muscles as nerve supply returns.
What Causes GBS?
The cause is not known. Perhaps 50% of cases occur shortly after a microbial (viral or bacterial) infection such as a sore throat or diarrhea. Some theories suggest an autoimmune mechanism, in which the patient's defense system of antibodies and white blood cells are triggered into damaging the nerve covering or insulation, leading to weakness and abnormal sensation.
| Translation - Chinese 什么是格林-巴利综合征(GBS)?
格林-巴利综合征,也称急性炎症性脱髓鞘性多发性神经病或兰德里上行性麻痹,是一种外周神经(大脑和脊髓的神经之外的神经)的发炎性病症。其特点是迅速起病时无力,常见四肢、呼吸肌和面部瘫痪。 伴随无力常有异常感觉。
许多病人在疾病初期需要住进重症监护室,特别是当需要辅助呼吸仪的时候。 尽管大多数病人能够恢复,但是这需要几个月的时间,而且有的病人可能遗留长期的不同程度的残疾。病人死亡的不到百分之五。GBS 可能发生于任何年龄段,无论性别或种族。
如何诊断GBS?
通常,病人的症状和体检足以供鉴别诊断。 常见的表现是,迅速起病时(上行性)无力,常常伴随异常感觉,影响身体双侧,情况类似。 通常会有反射(如膝跳反射)消失。 为了确诊,要做腰椎穿刺术来发现脑脊液蛋白是否增加,还要针对神经和肌肉功能做电生理测试。
如何治疗GBS?
由于该疾病早期阶段进展是不可预测的,大多数新诊断的病人要住院并安置在重症监护室以监控呼吸及其它身体功能。 治疗涉及对瘫痪病人使用一般的支持性措施,也包括专门设计用于加快康复的方法,特别是针对病情严重(如无法行走)的病人。 血浆交换(一种血液“清洗”过程)和高剂量免疫球蛋白静脉注射常常都有助于缩短GBS病程。
在早期住院治疗和病情稳定之后,大多数病人候选参加康复训练以助于他们在神经功能恢复的同时重获肌肉力量。
GBS的病因是什么?
GBS的病因未知。 大约百分之五十的病例发生于微生物(病毒或细菌)感染(如喉咙痛或腹泻)之后不久。有些理论提出自体免疫机制,即病人的抗体防御体系和白细胞被触发,损伤神经表面覆盖层或绝缘层,导致无力和异常感觉。
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More Less | | MA-Xiamen University, PR.China | | Years of translation experience: 7. Registered at ProZ.com: Dec 2006. Became a member: Mar 2007. | | N/A | English to Chinese (American Translators Association, verified) | | ATA, NYCT | | Adobe Acrobat, Adobe Photoshop, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Word, SDL TRADOS | CV/Resume (PDF) | | Keywords: Chinese medical, medical, medicine, health care, pharmaceutical, Medical Translation, disease, biology, botany, agriculture, chemistry, bio-chemistry, film, cooking, culinary, nutrition, food, education, cosmetics, environment, tourism, travel, hotel, conversation, greetings, letters, contract, contracts, agreement, survey, medical survey, medical questionnaire, Chinese translate brochure, brochure, Chinese translation, Chinese translations, Chinese document translation, Chinese documents translation, divorce, divorce agreement, Will, Last Will, Marriage certificate, diploma, certificate, degree certificate, speech, business, simplified Chinese, simplified Chinese translation, simplified Chinese translator, Chinese into English translation, Chinese into English translator, Chinese into English translations, Chinese translator, native Chinese translator, English into Chinese, English-Chinese, Chinese-English, Chinese-English Translator, Simplified Chinese, Chinese into English, Chinese Translation, Chinese Translator, Pharmaceutical Translation, translate Chinese certificate, translate Chinese, Chinese medical report, Chinese medical surveys, Chinese medical questionnaires, Chinese medical reports, Chinese medical translations, Chinese-to-English, Chinese-English, Chinese translation service, Chinese translation services, academic paper, 学位证书,毕业证书,成绩单,出生证,结婚证,离婚协议,遗嘱,病历,学术论文
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