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 Member since Dec '10
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|  Chuah
Passionate and attentive
Chicago, Illinois, United States Local time: 01:34 CDT (GMT-5)
Native in: Chinese  , English | | |
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More Less | | Visa, MasterCard, Discover, American Express, Wire transfer, Check, Money order | Sample translations submitted: 1 English to Chinese: Asian Wisdom
General field: Bus/Financial
Detailed field: Economics | Source text - English
Asian Wisdom
As they try to recover, the U.S. and Europe could use a refresher course in Eastern studies.
For most of the 20th century, Asia asked itself what it could learn from the modern, innovating West. Now the question must be reversed: what can the West's overly indebted and sluggish nations learn from a flourishing Asia?
First and foremost, the West should relearn the virtue of pragmatism. Just a few decades ago, Asia’s two giants were stagnating under faulty politico-economic ideologies – strict Marxism in China, Nehruvian socialism in India. However, once China began embracing free-market reforms in the 1980s, followed by India in the 1990s, both countries achieved rapid growth. Crucially, as they opened up their markets, neither China nor India threw the proverbial baby out with the bath water – instead, they balanced capitalism with judicious government direction. As the Indian economist Amartya Sen has wisely said, “The invisible hand of the market has often relied heavily on the visible hand of government.”
Contrast this levelheaded middle path with America and Europe, which have each gone ideologically overboard in their own ways – and whose utter lack of pragmatism helped precipitate the global financial crisis. Since the 1980s, America has been increasingly infatuated with the ideology of unfettered free markets and dismissive of the role of government – following Ronald Reagan’s dictum that “government is not the solution to our problem; government is the problem.” Former U.S. Federal Reserve chief Alan Greenspan took this ideology to the extreme by refusing to regulate the large new market in derivatives that emerged under his watch and that quadrupled between 2002 and 2008 to 12 times the size of the total world economy. Of course, when the markets came crashing down in 2007, it was decisive government intervention that saved the day. Despite this fact, many Americans still espouse a deep ideological opposition to “big government”, as evidenced by the current wave of antitax Republicans and Tea Party candidates who swept into Congress during the midterm elections.
If Americans could only free themselves from their antigovernment straitjackets, they would begin to see that the U.S.’s problems are not insoluble. A few sensible federal measures could put the country back on the right path. A simple consumption tax of, say, 5 percent would make a significant dent in the country’s huge government deficit without damaging productivity. A small gasoline tax would help wean America from its dependence on oil imports and create incentives for green energy development. In the same way, a significant reduction of wasteful agricultural subsidies and other earmarks could also lower the deficit. But in order to capitalize on these common sense solutions, Americans will have to put aside their own attachment to the rhetoric of smaller government and less regulation. American politicians will have to develop the courage to follow what is taught in all American public policy schools: that there are good taxes and bad taxes. Asian countries have embraced this wisdom, and have built sound long-term fiscal policies as a result.
Meanwhile, Europe has fallen prey to a different ideological trap: the belief that European governments would always have infinite resources and could continue borrowing as if there were no tomorrow. Unlike the Americans, who felt that the markets knew best, the Europeans failed to anticipate how the markets would react to their incessant borrowing. Today, the EU is in firefighting mode to stave off sovereign collapse. In concert with the IMF, it has created a $580 billion fund to bail out Europe’s troubled economies. This will buy the EU time, but it will not solve the bloc’s larger problem. Just as Americans need to learn how to intelligently raise taxes, the Europeans need to learn how to intelligently cut expenditures – a challenge that Asian economies were taught to surmount by their own past crises.
Of course, this won’t be the first time the West has needed to relearn its own wisdom from the East. Once upon a time, the great European Renaissance was facilitated by the preservation of Greek and Roman wisdom – lost to Europe during the Dark Ages – in the universities and libraries of the Arab world. Let’s hope the current financial Dark Ages for the West last a much shorter time.
Mahbubani is dean of Singapore’s Lee Kuan Yew School of Public
Policy and author of The New Asian Hemisphere: The Irresistible Shift of Global Power to the East.
| Translation - Chinese
亚洲的智慧
在试图恢复经济的当中，美国和欧洲国家应当重新复习东区研究。
在大部分的二十世纪里，亚洲国家曾经不断地向西方询问如何现代化和创新。如今情况颠倒了， 西方那些负债累累和经济呆滞的国家能够如何向蓬勃的亚洲国家学习呢？
首先，西方应当重新学习务实主义的美德。就数几十年前，在严谨和不完善的政治经济下 – 中国的马克思主义和印度的尼赫鲁社会主义，亚洲两大国家发展停滞。然而，一旦中国于八十年代和印度于九十年代开始拥抱自由市场改革， 两国都实现快述发展。关键于在开放市场的当中，中国和印度都保持资本主义和明智政府的指导和平衡。印度经济学家阿马蒂亚森曾说， 市场无形之手也要依靠政府可见之领导。
对比下，美国和欧洲国家各自踏离理想的意识形态和严重缺乏务实主义而促成全球金融危机。自八十年代以来，美国日益痴迷于不受约束的自由市场的思想主义，就如罗纳德里根著名的格言所说，政府不是我们难题的解决方案； 政府正是难题。前美国联邦储备主席格林斯潘更把自由市场的思想主义带到极点。他拒绝调节庞大的新金融衍生工具， 在他的看管下，金融衍生工具的价值于2002至2008增加四倍，如今更是全球经济的十二倍。当市场在2007年崩溃时，理所当然的是政府的干预解救了市场。尽管如此，大多数美国人依然强烈地抵抗“大政府”， 就如最近的中期选举所证明，反税趋势带动一大批的共和党与“茶党”候选人当选入众议院。
倘若美国人能够脱离反对“大政府”管辖的思想意识，他们将会发现目前的美国经济困境不是无法解决的。他们只需实行一些明智的联邦措施，比如简单的百分之五消费税将会显著地削减政府的庞大赤字， 同时不影响国家的生产力。小型的汽油税不但可帮助减低美国对石油进口的依赖， 也可激励绿色能源的发展。相同的，大量削减奢侈的农业补贴和其他过剩的国会指定也可有效地减低政府赤字。为了实践这些合理的解决方案，美国人必须放下“小政府”和少规章的思想意识。美国政治家更必须勇敢地追随公共政策学院所教的：税对国家经济有好与坏。亚洲国家已经拥护这一点智慧， 因而创造扎实的长期财政方针。
同时，欧洲堕入另一种意识形态的圈套：以为欧洲政府有无限的资源和有能力永远继续借款。美国人认为市场知道一切，欧洲人却无法预料市场对他们无止境借款的反应。此刻，欧洲联盟正忙着防止主权倒闭， 他们联合国际货币基金组织设立价值580亿美元的基金来保释欧洲受到经济困扰的国家。但这只能提供短暂的解脱，并不能解决整个地区的重大问题。正如美国人须学习如何适量地提高税收，欧洲人须学习如何适量地削减开支 – 这些挑战是亚洲国家在过去的经济危机中被迫学会的。
这固然不会是西方首次重新向东方学习西方自己的智慧。曾几何时， 欧洲的文艺复兴也须参照那些保藏在阿拉伯国家大学和图书馆里的希腊和罗马的史料。 我们只能期望西方国家如今所面对的经济困境不会持续太久。
Newsweek 2010年12月6日版
原文由Mahbubani， 新加坡李关耀公共政策学院院长
翻译由蔡采玲于2010年12月12日
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More Less | | Bachelor's degree - Northwestern University | | Years of translation experience: 4. Registered at ProZ.com: Mar 2007. Became a member: Dec 2010. | | N/A | | N/A | | N/A | | Adobe Acrobat, Adobe Photoshop, Dreamweaver, Frontpage, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Office Pro, Microsoft Word, Powerpoint | | CV available upon request | | Chuah endorses ProZ.com's Professional Guidelines. | | About me I am a native Chinese who lives in the United States. I graduated from Northwestern University with Bachelor's Degree in Industrial Engineering and Economics. I am fluent and proficient in 3 languages - Chinese Mandarin, English and Malay. I also speak 2 Chinese dialects - Cantonese and Hokkien (Taiwanese). Although I am new to ProZ, I have been doing part-time translation work for friends and family business for at least 4 years. I feel passionate about languages and always want to make sure any translation work is done properly. I am very responsible and have great attention to details. Based on my work experience, I specialize in finance, business, and economics. I hope to keep on using my language commands to help translating!
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