 Member since Dec '11
Working languages: Chinese to English
English to Chinese
French to Chinese
English (monolingual)
|  Liangdu
NA Local time: 15:01 CST (GMT+8)
Native in: Chinese  | |
Freelancer,  Verified member | | Translation, Interpreting | | Specializes in: | | Business/Commerce (general) | Cinema, Film, TV, Drama | | Construction / Civil Engineering | Economics | | Finance (general) | Law: Contract(s) | | Poetry & Literature | Mechanics / Mech Engineering | | Computers (general) |
| Sample translations submitted: 2 Chinese to English: 刘军宁：中国民主之路如何起步(部分）Liu Junning: The First Step On the Road To Chinese Democracy(part)
General field: Social Sciences | Source text - Chinese
有人认为，在中国全面推行民主难度太大，或可在党内先实行，让少数人（执政党员）先民主起来。其主张是在党内允许成立不同派别，在没有可能实行两（多）党制的情况下，先实现两（多）派制，同时党内的各级领导由名副其实的选举方式产生。类似的思路还有，让东部沿海地区部分先富起来的省份先民主起来等等。如果执政党内部民主了，全社会的民主当然有希望。这一思路的灵感，来自邓小平的让一部分人先富起来的经济主张。
但是，世界上还没有一个国家能做到，在不民主的社会中实现执政党的民主化，因为这种思路颠倒了因果关系。台湾的经验则表明，即使社会民主了，执政党的民主化仍十分困难，更不用指望它在实现民主上「身先士卒」了。这种思路固然愿望良好，但难度可能比让整个社会都民主起来更大。就算行得通，民主却又成了只有执政党员才有资格享受的特权，这合乎民主的本意吗？在中国，毕竟绝大多数人在执政党之外。
还有人提出，在中国，由於缺乏民主的传统，教育文化水平很低，因此实行民主只能自上而下，关键在於说服执政者推行民主。只要龙头动起来，身子和尾巴就会跟上。这种精英主义的思路不要求执政党先民主起来，但把中国民主化的希望全寄托在少数领导人身上。这种戊戌变法式的政改思路，迄今仍未有比戊戌变法更好的命运。它要麽由於忽视民众而得不到民众的理解和支持，要麽被斥为没有代表性的「书生之见」而遭到拒绝。
上述这两种思路的共同特点就是，忽略了这样的事实，就是在一个不民主的社会里，最大的政治阻力必定是自上而下的。正是这种体制，才是各级在位者利益的制度保障。
| Translation - English
Some think that the difficulty of complete implementation of democracy is too great, perhaps [we] can first implement it inside the party, and let a minority of people (members of the governing party) first enjoy democracy. Its recommendation is to allow the establishment of different factions in the party. Under the circumstances that it is impossible to implement a two-(multi-) party system, first implement a two-(multi-) faction system. At the same time, party leaders at every level would emerge through elections worthy of the title. There is also a similar vein of thought, to allow some eastern coastal regions that first became affluent to first become democratic etc. If the inner-workers of the governing party become democratic, then there is hope for a democracy of the entire society. The inspiration for this vein of thought comes from Deng Xiaoping’s economic stance, allowing a certain group of people to first become affluent.
But there has never been a country in the world able to do this, implementing democratization of the governing party within a non-democratic society, because this vein of thought inverts cause and effect. The experience of Taiwan indicates that even after a society has become democratic, democratization of the governing party remains extremely difficult, to say nothing of it “leading the charge” to democracy. This way of thinking is no doubt well-intentioned, but it may be even more difficult than the democratization of the entire society. Even if it could work, democracy would still become a special privilege enjoyed only by members of the governing party. Does this accord with the original meaning of democracy? In China, after all, the vast majority of people are not members of the ruling party.
Other people point out, in China, due to the lack of democratic traditions and low levels of education, democracy can only be implemented from top down. The key is to convince the ruling party to implement democracy. If the dragon’s head starts to move, body and tail cannot be far behind. This elitist theory does not require the ruling party to democratize [internally], but it does place all hope of Chinese democracy in its few leaders. This sort of “Hundred Days Reform” thinking has no better fate now than did the Hundred Days Reform itself. It either fails to receive understanding and support of the masses because it overlooks them altogether, or it is denounced as an unrepresentative “pedantic view” and rejected.
The common characteristic of the two ways of thinking described above is that they overlook this fact: in an undemocratic society, the greatest political resistance [to reform] comes from above. It is precisely this system that is the guarantee of incumbent interests at every level.
| English to Chinese: warning letter
General field: Law/Patents
Detailed field: Law: Patents, Trademarks, Copyright | Source text - English
Infringement of Apple's Intellectual Property Rights
It is clear that your counterfeit iPod players have copied the substantial features of Apple's iPod products. Your advertising, offering for sale and selling the counterfeit iPod players online have infringed Apple's Design Rights, Apple's Trade Marks, and Apple's copyrights subsisting in Apple's iPod in various jurisdictions over the world, including in China, North America and Europe.
Your counterfeit iPod players will mislead or confuse consumers or have misled or confused consumers into believing your counterfeit iPod players are that of Apple's iPod or associated or endorsed with Apple's consent, which that is in fact not the case. This constitutes actionable unfair competition in China and other jurisdictions around the world.
Apple's Demand
Apple is entitled to institute legal proceedings for your infringements and demand against you injunctions and damages. Indeed, Apple recently filed 11 cases in the Shenzhen Intermediate People's Court against manufacturers and traders infringing Apple's intellectual property rights in the iPod. Apple also plans to file cases against other infringers in Shenzhen and Hong Kong. We are happy to provide you with copies of Apple's complaints.
However with a view to avoiding unnecessary and expensive litigation, Apple is prepared to give you an opportunity to resolve this matter at this stage. Apple requests that you immediately cease all your dealings in or with, in particular any advertising, offering for sale and selling your counterfeit iPod players, pay Apple the sum of USD 50,000 as compensation for the legal costs incurred and sign and return to us within the next 14 days the attached undertaking.
Apple wishes that we can resolve this matter without the need to seek legal recourse. However if we fail to hear from you satisfactorily within the next 14 days, we shall advise Apple to proceed with taking all appropriate legal actions, including instituting legal proceedings against you without further notice.
| Translation - Chinese
对苹果公司知识产权的侵权
很明显，你公司假冒的iPod播放器复制了苹果公司iPod 产品的主要特征。你公司在网络上宣传、许诺销售和销售假冒的iPod产品已经侵犯了苹果公司iPod在包括中国、北美和欧洲等全球多个法域的苹果公司外观设计权、苹果公司商标权以及苹果公司著作权。
你公司假冒的iPod播放器将或已经误导消费者或使消费者产生混淆，相信你公司假冒的iPod播放器是苹果公司的iPod产品或与之有关或得到了苹果公司的认可，但事实并非如此。这在中国以及全球其他法域构成可诉的不正当竞争行为。
苹果公司的要求
苹果公司有权就你公司的侵权行为提起法律诉讼程序，并针对你公司要求禁止令及损害赔偿。实际上，苹果公司最近已向深圳市中级人民法院针对侵犯苹果公司在iPod产品中的知识产权的制造商和贸易商提起了11起诉讼。苹果公司也计划在深圳和香港针对侵权者提起诉讼。我们非常高兴向你公司提供苹果公司起诉状的复印件。
但是，为避免不必要的昂贵诉讼，苹果公司准备给你公司一个在此阶段解决上述问题的机会。苹果公司要求你公司立即停止所有的经营和交易，特别是宣传、许诺销售和销售你公司假冒的iPod 播放器、向苹果公司支付五万美金（USD50,000）作为发生的法律费用的补偿，并于十四（14）日内签署随附的保证书并返还至我律师事务所。
苹果公司希望我们无需诉诸法律就能够解决上述问题。但是，如果在十四（14）日内我方未从你公司获得满意的答复，我律师事务所将建议苹果公司继续采取所有适当的法律行动，包括对你公司提起法律诉讼，而不另行给予通知。
|
More Less | | Bachelor's degree - BLCU | | Years of translation experience: 10. Registered at ProZ.com: Sep 2007. Became a member: Dec 2011. | | N/A | English (National Advisory Committee on TEFL, verified)
| | N/A | | Adobe Acrobat, Adobe Photoshop, Microsoft Office Pro, Trados | |
Profile last updated
Dec 15, 2011 |
The translation workplace 
Portfolio