 Member since Nov '07
Working languages: Chinese to English
English to Chinese |
|  William Lee (@Li Zhiqiang)
Accredited by IOL; Dip. in Translation
Singapore, Singapore, Singapore Local time: 03:19 SGT (GMT+8)
Native in: English  | |
Accurate and high quality translation with reliable service | Freelancer,  Verified member | | Translation, Editing/proofreading, Software localization, Subtitling, Transcription | | Specializes in: | | IT (Information Technology) | Investment / Securities | | Medical (general) | Business/Commerce (general) | | Finance (general) | Computers (general) |
| Also works in: | | Tourism & Travel | Science (general) | | Nutrition | Livestock / Animal Husbandry | | Management | Medical: Health Care | | SAP | Cosmetics, Beauty | | Economics | Internet, e-Commerce | | Computers: Software | Social Science, Sociology, Ethics, etc. | | Transport / Transportation / Shipping | General / Conversation / Greetings / Letters | | Other |
More Less | | Questions answered: 97, Questions asked: 0 Easy / 142 PRO, PRO-level points: 135 | Sample translations submitted: 4| English to Chinese: A Visit to the Doctor——By Valerie Sartor | Source text - English
Three pretty young nurses in pink uniforms fluttered around me, cooing softly as they hooked up yet another IV transfusion into my left arm. For the last three days, I had faithfully shown up and sat in a chair next to a dozen other people. Many eyed me curiously. Chinese public medical treatment at first unnerved me but soon I lost my reserve and found myself cheerfully chatting with other suffers. Privacy in Chinese hospitals is unknown; illness and bodily functions are simply accepted. My repeated visits to the local hospital not only removed some nasty tummy parasites but also exposed me to vast cultural differences between China and the West regarding medical care.
Foreigners often feel uneasy about Chinese medical practices. In Western–style hospitals here they prefer to give IV transfusions over injections, shots, pills and powders. And before treatment patients purchase both medication and paraphernalia: needles, tubes, and tape. Medicine is extremely cheap by Western standard. Many Western prescription-only pharmaceutical drugs can be cheaply bought over the counter. (Many Western pharmaceutical firms manufacture their drugs here.) Medical care is even cheaper—my local hospital in Inner Mongolia charges only 5 yuan to consult a doctor. Patients choose doctors by looking at a wall in the entranceway where physicians’ pictures and bios are displayed in color next to a schedule board listing their hours.
Medical patients keep their own medical records in the form of a booklet issued by the hospital after you registering to see a doctor. Sitting in a crowded, grimy waiting room with many other people, I waited and watched as my chosen physician examined others and prescribed treatment. Thirty-five minutes later a hefty nurse gestured to me so I scrambled past the crowd and sat in a wooden chair, knee to knee across from the doctor.
“Problem?” he queried.
“Terrible stomach pains and the constant runs,” I replied.
“Bad smell?” he asked, not looking at me.
Shamefaced, I nodded. Instantly he knew that I had contracted giardia; no sample was needed. I handed him my book; he wrote his analysis, signed it and handed it back, along with a prescription.
“Next,” he sighed.
It was my responsibility to buy all the necessary drugs, either from the in-house pharmacy or outside, and bring them back every day of treatment.
Chinese patients pay up front before receiving services, which include consultation, drugs, and overnight stays. Credit cards and deferred time payments are rare. Each service and/or product is itemized and patients are free to choose or reject options and prices. Personally, I felt that the antibiotic treatment offered to me was too intensive. I opted to receive treatment for five days rather than seven. It was entirely my own decision.
In China patients simply show up at the hospital or clinic. No preset appointment is necessary, except for surgical procedures. Furthermore, nurses and even doctors often do multitask and seem much more flexible than Western medical personnel.
| Translation - Chinese
三个身穿粉红色制服，年轻又漂亮的护士在我身旁忙来忙去，一边给我左臂吊上又一包静脉输液，一边嘴里嘀咕着什么。过去三天我都老老实实地来到这里，并坐在一张椅子上，旁边还有其他十几个病人。许多人好奇地盯着我看。起初中国的公共医疗使我紧张不安，但很快我就不再拘谨审慎，并且与其他病人兴致勃勃地闲聊起来。中国医院里根本没有隐私可言；疾病与身体机能活动都不算隐私。我多次去当地医院看病不但除掉了肚子里几条讨厌的寄生虫，而且让我感受到中西方在医疗保健方面的巨大文化差异。
外国人通常对中国的医疗方法感到不安。中国的西式医院倾向于用静脉滴注，而不用药液注射、打针或服用药丸、药粉。而且在给病人治疗前，病人要自己购买药剂和相关器具：针头、针管、输液管和胶带。按照西方的消费标准，这里的药品非常便宜。许多西医处方药品都能在药店柜台以很低的价格自行购买。 (许多西方制药公司在中国生产西药。) 医疗保健更加便宜——我所在的内蒙古一家医院诊症收费才5元人民币。病人通过察看入口墙上的资料来选择医生，医生的彩色照片与个人简历贴在医生的排程表旁。
内科病人挂号后会拿到一本用来记录病历的小册子，这病历本由病人自己保管。我与许多人在肮脏的候诊室里挤在一起，我坐着，边等边看着我选上的医生诊断病情和开处方。35分钟后，一个魁梧的护士摆手向我示意，于是我慌忙挤过人群并坐在一张木凳子上，与医生膝盖对膝盖挤在一起。
“那里不舒服？”他问道。
“肚子疼得很厉害，又总拉稀，”我答道。
“很臭？”他看也没看我一眼，就问。
我不好意思地点了点头。不用取样化验，他马上就断定我感染了贾第鞭毛虫病。我把病历本交给他；他写上了诊断结果，签了名，然后连同处方交还给我。
“下一位，”他叹了口气说。
我得自己去医院的药房或外面的药店购买所有必需的药品，并且在接受治疗的每一天把它们带回医院去。
中国人看病前付清所有费用，这包括诊症费、药费和住院费。很少有人用信用卡或延期付账。每项服务和/或药品都详细列明，病人可以任意选择或拒绝任何项目和项目价格。我个人觉得医生开给我的抗生素疗法强度过高。我选择了5天而不是7天的疗程。这完全由我自己决定。
在中国，要看病接受治疗只需直接到医院或诊所。无须预约，外科手术除外。此外，护士甚至是医生也会经常执行多重任务，而且他们似乎比西方医务人员更好商量。
| | Chinese to English: 品牌意识 | Source text - Chinese
品牌常被认为是西方广告业发展的产物，然而，最早的“品牌”可追溯到中国和埃及的早期文明。数千年前中国制造的陶器上面就有陶器艺人留下的符号或印记，古埃及的壁画上也有身上印有标记的牲畜，这些可能就是历史上最初的“品牌”。
时过境迁，如今美国人有“卡迪拉克”，日本人有“丰田”，德国人有“奔驰”，他们都以自己拥有的优质名牌而骄傲。中国的民族品牌与世界级品牌相比相形失色，这就是我们不可否认、必须面对的现实。随着品牌全球化的到来，国际竞争国内化，洋品牌不断向中国的市场发起攻击。在这种情况下，我们必须回答的一个问题便是：中国品牌如何才能迎战洋品牌呢？
我国的许多企业一心只想抢滩国际市场，只顾迈向大都市，看似风光无限，其实很不明智。我们应该看到，中国已成为全球最大的开发市场，中国有13亿人口，占世界人口的20%，消费支出的增长速度比任何一个发达国家都快。我国的本土市场才是民族品牌发展的真正机会，尤其是拥有9亿人口的农村市场。也正因为如此，许多国外强势品牌都在千方百计围绕中国农村市场大做文章。
品质是品牌的生命，消费者总是以良好质量的产品为选择对象。中国企业的产品质量忽上忽下，国人难以建立信心，严重影响了品牌的塑造。因此，对于立志迎战洋品牌的民族品牌来说，当务之急就是提升自己的产品品质。企业必须清楚地认识到，产品1％的缺陷，对于买到产品的消费者来说，就是100％的损失。只有创造出超越洋品牌的产品品质，民族品牌才能在竞争中立于不败之地。
| Translation - English
We tend to think branding originated from Western advertising industry; however, the earliest “brands” can be traced far back to the early Chinese and Egyptian civilizations. Potteries made several thousand years ago in China have symbols or marks left behind by pottery craftsmen; the livestock pictured on ancient Egyptian murals also have markings stamped on them. These designs could be the first “brands” in history.
With the passage of time, now the Americans have the “Cadillac” brand, the Japanese “Toyota”, and the Germans “Mercedes-Benz”; they are all proud of these famous quality brands they can call their own. China’s national brands paled when compared to world-class brands – an undeniable fact and a reality we have to face. Brand globalization converts international competition into a domestic one in which foreign brands keep attacking China’s domestic market. Under such circumstances, one question we must answer is: “How can Chinese brands meet foreign competition head-on?”
Many Chinese companies think of nothing but getting their products onto the international market and targeting only at big cities. This approach appears to be very impressive, but it is actually quite foolish. We must realize that, China, with a population of 1.3 billion or about 20% of the entire world’s population, has already become the largest developing market in the world, with its consumption expenditure increasing faster than any developed country’s. It is China’s home market, especially its rural market that has about 900 million people, that provides genuine opportunities for national brands to grow. This is why many strong foreign brands, while trying to penetrate China’s home market, are making every attempt to focus their strategies around its rural market.
Product quality is the lifeblood of a good brand; consumers’ preferred choice invariably is good quality product. The inconsistent quality of products manufactured by Chinese companies does little to inspire confidence in the Chinese people, thereby severely affecting the efforts to build their brands. Therefore, for a national brand aiming to compete against foreign brands, it is imperative to improve the quality of its products. Enterprises must clearly understand that a faulty product, even if only 1% of it is defective, means 100% loss to its buyer. Only by creating products that are superior in quality to those of foreign brands can national brands successfully withstand all competition.
| | Chinese to English: 标准普尔与中信证券：推出全新的中国A股市场指数 | Source text - Chinese
在2003年12月15日，标准普尔与中信证券联合宣布推出中国A股市场指数。近期中国A股市场向合格境外机构投资者开放，在国际投资界引起了广泛的回响。中国A股市场全面对外资开放，在短期至长期而言，均将对全球的投资模式带来深远的影响。目前，重要的是为中国市场制订综合全面的基准指数。现在采用的指数并未能反映市场整体的表现，而且计算方法设有严格的限制。
标准普尔与中信证券致力创制两个指数系列。其中一个系列主要供投资组合经理采用，属于反映市场整体表现的基准指数。另一个系列的涵盖范围较为狭窄，成份股选自基准指数系列的股票群。第二个指数包括市场上市值最大和流动性最高的股票，对衍生工具市场较为有用。
讨论题目
这次会议将集中讨论关于指数规模和成份股的问题。
题目1：以交易价值计算，建议中的50股指数大约涵盖中国A股市场总市值的33%，并约占整个市场流动性的25%。
a.50股指数可否反映中国A股市场的流动性和波动性？
b.合格境外机构投资者通常倾向投资多少家股票？这个数目未来会不会增加或维持不变？
c.对于为衍生交易设计的指数，板块平衡是否重要？或应否把焦点完全集中于公司市值和流动性？
d.自由浮动在中国有多重要？
题目2：以交易总值计算，建议中的基准300股指数涵盖中国A股市场总市值的60%以上，并约占整个市场流动性的55%。
a.涵盖总市值60%和流动性超过50%的基准指数对中国市场是否具有足够的代表性？
b.300股指数是否可轻易在中国市场复制？
c.基于中国股市迅速转变的性质和较为反复不定，由300家股票组成的指数的周转率会不会过高至不可接受的水平？
题目3：在过去两年，中国不少大型公司积极招股上市。预期在未来的十二至十八个月，首次公开招股市场将非常活跃。
a.新上市公司最早可以在甚么时候获纳入指数内？
b.应否设立公司市值条件，以限制可加入指数的新上市公司数目？（例如，新上市公司的市值须至少达到指数的10%或在指数的首五大成份股之列，或其他限制条件？）
| Translation - English
On 15 December 2003, Standard & Poor (S&P) and China's CITIC Securities jointly announced the launch of indices covering China's A-share stock market. The recent opening up of China's A-share stock market to foreign qualified institutional investors had aroused extensive reverberations among international investors. In the short or long term, the fully opening up of China’s A-share stock market to foreign capital will bring far-reaching effects on investment patterns globally. Presently, it is important to develop a comprehensive benchmark index for China’s market. The indices currently being used are unable to reflect overall market performance; moreover there are strict restraints in their calculation methodology.
S&P and CITIC Securities are committed to create two new series of indices. One of the series is mainly intended for the use of investment portfolio managers, and falls into the category of benchmark indices that reflect overall market performance. With its constituents selected from the largest and most liquid stocks in the benchmark index series, the other series’ coverage is relatively narrower, and is more useful for tracking the performance of derivatives markets.
Discussion Topics
This meeting will focus on discussing the scope and constituents of the indices.
Topic One: Based on trading value, the proposed 50-stock index covers about 33% of the total China’s A-share market value, and accounts for about 25% of the overall market liquidity.
a. Can the 50-stock index reflect the liquidity and volatility of China’s A-share market?
b. What is the number of stocks do foreign qualified institutional investors generally prefer to invest in? Will this number increase or remain the same in the future?
c. Is the maintenance of a sector balance important for those indices designed for derivatives transactions? Or should the focus be solely on the companies’ market capitalization and liquidity?
d. How important is free-floating in China?
Topic Two: Based on total trading value, the proposed 300-stock benchmark index covers more than 60% of the total China’s A-share market value, and accounts for about 55% of the overall market liquidity.
a. Does the benchmark index with coverage of 60% of total market value and more than 50% of liquidity give a good representation of China’s A-stock market?
b. Is the 300-stock index easily replicated in China’s stock market?
c. Given that the China stock market is rapidly changing and relatively unstable, will the turnover rate of the 300-stock index reach unacceptably high levels?
Topic Three: In the past two years, many large companies in China actively raised capital by floating theirs share as well as got themselves public-listed. It is anticipated that in the next 12 to 18 months, the initial public offering market will be very active.
a. What is the earliest time that newly listed companies can be included in the index?
b. Should any conditions be set on the companies’ market capitalization in order to restrict the number of eligible newly listed companies to be included in the index? (For instance, the market capitalization of the newly listed company must at least be 10% of the index value or rank in the top five of the index, or other limiting conditions?)
| | English to Chinese: 'Asian Brown Cloud' poses global threat | Source text - English
A dense blanket of pollution, dubbed the "Asian Brown Cloud," is hovering over South Asia. In the biggest-ever study of the phenomenon, 200 scientists warned that the cloud, estimated to be three kilometers thick, is responsible for hundreds of thousands of deaths a year from respiratory disease. By slashing the sunlight that reaches the ground by 10 to 15 percent, the choking smog has also altered the region's climate, cooling the ground while heating the atmosphere. The potent haze lying over the entire Indian subcontinent -- from Sri Lanka to Afghanistan -- has led to some erratic weather, sparking flooding in Bangladesh, Nepal and northeastern India, but drought in Pakistan and northwestern India.
Using data from ships, planes and satellites to study Asia's haze during the northern winter months of 1995 to 2000, scientists discovered not only that the smog cut sunlight, heating the atmosphere, but also that it created acid rain, a serious threat to crops and trees, as well as contaminating oceans and hurting agriculture. The pollution could be cutting India's winter rice harvest by as much as 10 percent. The cloud could cut rainfall over northwest Pakistan, Afghanistan, western China and western central Asia by up to 40 percent.
| Translation - Chinese
亚洲南部的上空正笼罩着又浓又厚、污浊不堪的云层，它被称作"亚洲褐云"。在这项到目前为止规模最大的研究中，200名科学家提出警告，说这层据估计厚达三公里的“亚洲褐云”，正是导致每年几十万人死于呼吸道疾病的罪魁祸首。这层令人窒息的烟雾遮挡住了10％到15％射及地面的阳光，并且业已改变了亚洲南部地区的气候，使得地面温度下降，同时也使得大气层温度升高。这一大片黑压压、暗沉 沉的烟雾笼罩了整个印度次大陆——从斯里兰卡到阿富汗——导致了那里不时气候反常，在孟加拉、尼泊尔和印度东北部引起泛滥洪水，却在巴基斯坦和印度西北部造成严重旱灾。
科学家们根据气象船、飞机和卫星获得的气象数据来对亚洲烟霾进行分析研究。他们发现，1995年到2000年亚洲北部冬季期间，这片烟雾不仅能阻挡阳光射及地面和使得大气层升温，而且能引起酸雨。酸雨会严重威胁到农作物和树木，也会污染海洋和伤害农业。这样的环境污染可以造成印度冬季的稻米减产多达10％。这片“亚洲褐云”也能够使得巴基斯坦西北部、阿富汗、中国西部和中亚西部的降雨量减少多达40％。
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More Less | | OTHER-Nanjing University | | Years of translation experience: 7. Registered at ProZ.com: Oct 2007. Became a member: Nov 2007. | | N/A | Chinese to English (Chartered Institute of Linguists, verified)
| | N/A | | Adobe Acrobat, Frontpage, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Word, Powerpoint, Wordfast | | http://web.singnet.com.sg/~liquic/ | | English (DOC) | | William Lee (@Li Zhiqiang) endorses ProZ.com's Professional Guidelines. | | About me
Accreditation
Accredited by the Chartered Institute of Linguists, UK.
Professional Certifications
2007: Diploma in Translation - Chartered Institute of Linguists, UK.
2004: SAP Certified Solution Consultant - SCM Procurement (MM).
2003: Certified in Production and Inventory Control Management (CPIM) -- APICS The Association for Operations Management, U.S.A.
Education
2006: Specialist Diploma in Translation (Nanjing University)
1994: Masters of Business in Information Technology (RMIT University)
1990: Graduate Diploma in Business Administration (Singapore Institute of
Management) | This user has earned KudoZ points by helping other translators with PRO-level terms. Click point total(s) to see term translations provided.
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| Total projects | 43 | | With client feedback | 0 | | Corroborated | 0 | | | 0 positive (0 entries) |  positive | 0 |  neutral | 0 |  negative | 0 |
| Job type | | Translation | 43 | | | Language pairs | | English to Chinese | 32 | | Chinese to English | 11 | | | Specialty fields | | Medical: Health Care | 8 | | Tourism & Travel | 7 | | Finance (general) | 7 | | Cosmetics, Beauty | 4 | | Medical (general) | 4 | | Business/Commerce (general) | 3 | | Other | 2 | | Nutrition | 2 | | Transport / Transportation / Shipping | 1 | | Livestock / Animal Husbandry | 1 | | General / Conversation / Greetings / Letters | 1 | | | Other fields | | Medical: Pharmaceuticals | 5 | | Law: Contract(s) | 4 | | Food & Dairy | 3 | | Advertising / Public Relations | 2 | | Marketing / Market Research | 2 | | Aerospace / Aviation / Space | 1 | | Cooking / Culinary | 1 | | Wine / Oenology / Viticulture | 1 | | Electronics / Elect Eng | 1 | | Textiles / Clothing / Fashion | 1 | | Computers: Hardware | 1 | | Automotive / Cars & Trucks | 1 | | Ships, Sailing, Maritime | 1 | | Education / Pedagogy | 1 |
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