Member since Feb '11 Working languages: Chinese to English English to Chinese | lemonde China Local time: 17:37 CST (GMT+8)
Native in: Chinese | | Willingness to Work Again  | No feedback collected |
| | | |
Freelancer, Verified member | | Translation, Interpreting, Editing/proofreading | | Specializes in: | | Patents | Petroleum Eng/Sci | | Management | Engineering: Industrial | | Chemistry; Chem Sci/Eng |
| Also works in: | | Textiles / Clothing / Fashion | Materials (Plastics, Ceramics, etc.) |
More Less | Chinese to English - Rates: 0.03 - 0.07 USD per word / 15 - 30 USD per hour English to Chinese - Rates: 0.03 - 0.07 USD per word / 10 - 25 USD per hour | | USD | | PRO-level points: 23, Questions answered: 12, Questions asked: 1 | | 0 entries | Sample translations submitted: 3 | English to Chinese: :Best and Worst Used Cars | Source text - English ÔÎÄ:Best and Worst Used Cars
·¢ÏÖÕß:xiaozhan À´Ô´:http://editorial.autos.msn.com ·¢²¼Ê±¼ä:2008-03-21 ÀàÐÍ:×ªÔØ
Is it time to replace your car? Owners of 27 percent of the vehicles in our latest Annual Car Reliability Survey acquired them used last year, and they're definitely on to something. Data from our exclusive survey, conducted by the Consumer Reports National Research Center, show that hundreds of used-car models provide good reliability. And they can be safe, fuel efficient, and affordable.
Used vehicles are often some of the best values you'll find because you sidestep the biggest expense associated with buying a new car: depreciation.
For example, a seven-year-old Lexus RX SUV, a safe and reliable vehicle that typically costs $40,000 when new, can be found for $12,000 to $14,000. And young drivers don't have to settle for a new small car like the Toyota Yaris when they can find a fairly new, roomier, and better equipped used vehicle in the same price range, such as a Honda Accord, Nissan Altima, or Toyota Camry.
To minimize the risks, look for vehicles that have proved to be reliable. The following lists of models from 1998 through 2007 will steer you to the gems (and away from the duds) among the thousands of used vehicles on the market.
The Best of the best and Worst of the worst are based on our larger lists of Reliable used cars and Used cars to avoid (both available to subscribers).
These comprehensive lists give you a rundown of all the models that were found, from our data, to be above or below average in reliability. Owners reported on any serious problems they had had with their cars, minivans, SUVs, and pickup trucks in the previous year.
BEST OF THE BEST
These are models that have performed well in CR road tests over the years, and have proved to have several or more years of better-than-average reliability. Listed alphabetically.
Acura Integra
Acura MDX
Acura RL
Acura RSX
Acura TL
Acura TSX
BMW M3
Buick LaCrosse
Honda Accord
Honda Civic
Honda Civic Hybrid
Honda CR-V
Honda Element
Honda Odyssey
Honda Pilot
Honda S2000
Infiniti FX
Infiniti G20
Infiniti G35
Infiniti I30, I35
Infiniti QX4
Lexus ES
Lexus ES
Lexus GS (RWD)
Lexus GX
Lexus IS
Lexus LS
Lexus RX
Lexus SC
Lincoln Continental
Lincoln Town Car
Mazda Millenia
Mazda MX-5 Miata
Mazda Proteg¨¦
Mazda3
Mitsubishi Endeavor
Mitsubishi Outlander
Nissan Altima
Nissan Maxima
Nissan Murano
Pontiac Vibe
Porsche 911 (except '03)
Scion tC
Scion xB
Subaru Baja
Subaru Forester
Subaru Impreza
Subaru Legacy
Subaru Outback
Toyota 4Runner
Toyota Avalon
Toyota Camry (except '07 V6)
Toyota Camry Solara
Toyota Celica
Toyota Corolla
Toyota Echo
Toyota Highlander
Toyota Land Cruiser
Toyota Matrix
Toyota Prius
Toyota RAV4
Toyota Sequoia
Toyota Sienna
Toyota Tundra (except '07 V8 4WD)
Volvo S60
WORST OF THE WORST
These vehicles showed multiple Used Car Verdicts that were much worse than average, according to our survey respondents. They consistently had more problems than other models overall.
Buick Rendezvous (AWD)
Buick Terraza
Chevrolet Astro
Chevrolet Blazer
Chevrolet Colorado (4WD)
Chevrolet S-10 Pickup (4WD)
Chevrolet Uplander
Chevrolet Venture
Chrysler Town & Country (AWD)
Dodge Grand Caravan (AWD)
GMC Canyon (4WD)
GMC Jimmy
GMC S-15 Sonoma (4WD)
GMC Safari
Jeep Grand Cherokee
Kia Sedona
Land Rover Discovery, LR3
Lincoln Aviator
Mercedes-Benz SL
Nissan Armada (4WD)
Nissan Titan (4WD)
Oldsmobile Bravada
Oldsmobile Silhouette
Pontiac Aztek
Pontiac G6
Pontiac Montana, Trans Sport, Montana SV6
Saturn Relay
Volkswagen Cabriolet
Volkswagen Jetta Sedan (turbo)
Volkswagen Jetta Sedan (V6)
Volkswagen Touareg
About these lists
The lists on these pages are compiled from overall reliability data covering 1998-2007 models with above-average or much-below-average reliability. CR Good Bets and Bad Bets include only the models for which we have sufficient data for at least three model years. Models that were brand-new in 2006 or 2007 do not appear. Problems with the engine major, engine cooling, transmission major, and drive system were weighted more heavily than other problems.
The full Ratings and recommendations for more than 200 vehicles, along with the latest information on thousands of other products and services, are available to ConsumerReports.org subscribers. Find out how to subscribe today.
| Translation - Chinese 译文:二手车的优劣排行榜
译者:lemonde 时间:2008-03-24
准备更换你的爱车吗?最近,全国消费者调查中心对二手车买主进行了独家调查,结果显示数百款二手车性能可靠、安全、省油以及买主支付得起。在最新的二手汽车可靠性年度调查中,27%的车主认为二手车物有所值。
因为购买新车会考虑贬值问题,所以,购买二手车通常被认为是物有所值。
比如说购买一台性能安全、可靠的用过7年的凌志RX SUV二手车通常需支付1.2-1.4万美元,而同样款式的新车需花费4万美元。当年轻的买主能够用同样的价格买到相当新的、宽敞舒适装配精良的本田雅阁、尼桑.阿蒂玛、丰田凯美瑞等品牌的二手车时,他们不愿购买丰田Yaris之类的小款新车。
为了减小风险,建议尽量购买性能可靠的二手车。下表列出了1998至2007年间各种品牌款式的二手车,可以帮助您在成千上万的二手车市场上找到你的“挚爱”。
优中选优参见《性能可靠的二手车清单》,差中选差参见《应该回避的二手车清单》(这两种清单均可网上订购)。
这些详尽的清单可为您提供各种款型的二手车数据,包括低于或高于所列性能的情形。轿车、小型货车、旅行车及皮卡车主将会标明他们的车在以往出现的一切严重问题。
优中选优的二手车清单
如下为按字母顺序排列的在普通路面经过数年使用、性能在平均水平以上的各款二手车清单。
讴歌Integra
讴歌MDX
讴歌RL
讴歌RSX
讴歌TL
讴歌TSX
宝马 M3
别客将军
本田雅格
本田思蜮
本田思蜮混合动力
本田CR-V
本田 Element
本田 Odyssey
本田 Pilot
本田 S2000
无限i FX
无限 G20
无限 G35
无限 I30, I35
无限 QX4
凌志 ES
凌志ES
凌志GS (RWD)
凌志GX
凌志IS
凌志LS
凌志RX
凌志SC
林肯大陆
林肯乡村轿车
马自达千年
马自达MX-5 Miata
马自达 Protegé
Mazda3
三菱 Endeavor
三菱Outlander
尼桑阿蒂玛
尼桑 Maxima
尼桑 Murano
Pontiac Vibe
保时捷911 ('03除外)
丰田Scion tC
丰田Scion xB
斯巴鲁Baja
斯巴鲁Forester
斯巴鲁Impreza
斯巴鲁Legacy
斯巴鲁Outback
丰田 4驱
丰田Avalon
丰田凯美瑞 ('07 V6除外)
丰田凯美瑞 Solara
丰田切利卡
丰田花冠
丰田Echo
丰田汉兰达
丰田巡洋舰
丰田 Matrix
丰田普锐斯
丰田 RAV4
丰田红杉
丰田赛纳
丰田Tundra ( '07 V8 4驱除外)
沃尔沃 S60
差中选差的二手车清单
在普通路面经过数年使用、性能在平均水平以下的各款二手车清单。
别克, 朗迪,
别克Terraza
雪佛莱·星旅
雪佛莱·开拓者
雪佛莱Colorado 四驱动
雪佛莱S-10皮卡 四驱
雪佛莱Uplander
雪佛莱万程
克莱斯勒城乡
新款道奇
通用峡谷 (四驱)
通用 Jimmy
通用 S-15 索诺玛四驱
GMC Safari
大切诺基吉普
起亚 Sedona
路虎 探路, LR3
林肯 Aviator
奔驰 SL
尼桑无敌舰 (四驱)
尼桑逖坦Titan (4WD)
奥兹莫比尔勇敢者
奥兹莫比尔子弹头Silhouette
庞蒂克Aztek
庞蒂克G6
庞蒂克蒙塔那, Trans Sport, 蒙塔那 SV6
土星 Relay
大众 Cabriolet
大众捷达轿车
大众捷达轿车(V6)
大众 途锐
根据1998-2007年低于和高于各款汽车的可靠性能平均值列出上述优劣清单。这些数据为过去三年测试汽车在普通路况下的充分的性能数据,不包括2006-2007年新款汽车的性能数据。汽车引擎、引擎的冷却系统、传送系统及驱动系统等处的问题被重点地列出。
在ConsumerReports.org网站上,注册用户可以找到有关200多种款式的汽车排名及相关的建议,包括数千种其他产品和服务的信息。欲知详情,点击今日征订。
| | English to Chinese: Crusades, Islam Expansion Traced in Lebanon DNA | Source text - English A new study has found genetic traces of both the arrival of the Crusades and of the expansion of Islam in Lebanon.
The findings not only confirm well-documented history but also present a rare genetic trail showing the movement of two major religions into Lebanon, scientists say.
"Lebanon has always had a rich history of receiving different cultures," said the study's lead author, Pierre Zalloua, an associate professor at the Lebanese American University,
"This study tells us that some of them did not just conquer and leave behind castles. They left a subtle genetic connection as well."
(Related photos: "Lebanon's Ruins Survive Recent Bombings" [August 2006].)
Zalloua and his colleagues at the National Geographic Society's Genographic Project were conducting a broader survey of Middle Eastern populations when they stumbled upon their finding. (The National Geographic Society owns National Geographic News.)
Unlike previous studies that have relied on mitochondrial DNA¡ªwhich is passed on maternally¡ªto unlock secrets of human migration, researchers in the current study focused on the paternally provided Y chromosome, as it is thought to provide more detailed information.
The study appears in the current issue of the American Journal of Human Genetics.
Crusaders and Muslims
The distribution of genetic markers at first appeared virtually indistinguishable across the Christian, Druze, and Muslim populations of Lebanon. But a closer look at the Y chromosomes of 926 Lebanese men sampled in the study revealed something intriguing.
"We noticed some interesting lineages in the dataset. Among Lebanese Christians, in particular, we found higher frequency of a genetic marker¡ªR1b¡ªthat we see typically see only in Western Europe," said Spencer Wells, a National Geographic Explorer-in-Residence.
The study matched the western European Y-chromosome lineage against thousands of people in France, Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom. Wells said the lineage was seen enriched to a higher frequency only in the Christian populations in Lebanon and was not seen in the Muslim population.
"It certainly doesn't undermine the similarities among the various Lebanese communities, but it does agree with oral tradition¡ªthat some Lebanese Christians are descendents of Crusaders¡ªand points to a genetic connection to the Crusaders," he added.
"We have a correspondence between what we knew about the history of the region from written documents and what we're starting to see that in the genetic patterns as well."
The researchers noticed a similar pattern when they looked at Y-chromosome lineages in the Muslim population.
"We found that a lineage that is very common in the Arabian Peninsula¡ªHg J*¡ªis found in slightly higher frequencies preferentially in the Muslim population," said Wells, who also heads the Genographic Project.
Wells said that even though the genetic matches are found only in about 2 percent of the population, they provide a detectable impact of two historical migrations into Lebanon.
"What is cool is that we found this lineage in the Lebanese Christians that we don't see elsewhere in the Middle East, or at least we haven't seen it yet," Wells said. "So it seems to have migrated from Western Europe relatively recently into the Lebanese population of Christians, but not Muslims.
"Now what historical events would have brought a substantial number¡ª2 percent¡ªof Y chromosomes in the Christian population in from Western Europe?" he added. "The most likely answer is the Crusades."
The Genographic researchers say their discoveries suggest, in particular, that Crusaders from the 11th to 13th centuries A.D. introduced their lineages into the Lebanese population.
The expansion of Islam from the Arabian Peninsula beginning in the seventh century A.D. likely introduced lineages into people who subsequently became Lebanese Muslims, they add.
Not Convinced
Peter Underhill is a senior research scientist at Stanford University who has previously analyzed Y chromosomes to study human migrations out of Africa.
He says the treasure trove of data from the new study will be helpful in studying historical human migrations. But he is not fully convinced about the findings.
"I must admit that I hesitate to fully embrace the assumptions and the conclusions of major historic Crusader and Muslim influences being the major forcing factors modulating the genetic landscape in Lebanon," Underhill said.
"I am always tempted to ask the question, What if the Crusaders or Muslim events never happened? Is it feasible that one would still see similar patterns?"
Christians were established and converting "locals" in the Middle East prior to the arrival of the Crusaders, Underhill pointed out. The Greeks also had a pre-Crusade presence, so the chromosome match could have come from Greece rather than France or England.
But Wells and his colleagues disagree.
"The fact that we do detect significant excesses of the lineages Hg J* and R1b in the relevant Lebanese subpopulations requires explanation," Wells said.
"The documented Muslim and Crusader migrations could, following Underhill's line of reasoning, have left no genetic impact, but in that case, other undocumented migrations of significant numbers of men from the same source regions must have taken place."
Wells said such an alternative explanation is more complicated and less plausible than the simpler explanation that the migrations known from history are responsible for the observed genetic effects.
| Translation - Chinese 译文:黎巴嫩人DNA解密发现:十字军东征和伊斯兰扩张的痕迹
译者:lemonde 所属联盟:英语译者联盟 时间:2008-04-03
一项新的研究发现,黎巴嫩人的DNA中有十字军东征抵达和伊斯兰扩张时期的基因痕迹。
科学家称,研究发现不仅证实了历史文献的记载,还找到了两大宗教在黎巴嫩活动的稀有的基因痕迹。
“黎巴嫩有着接受不同文化的悠久历史。”该研究的主要负责人,黎美大学副教授皮埃尔.扎罗瓦说。
该研究告诉我们他们不仅在征服之后离开了城堡,他们同时还留下了稀薄的基因痕迹。
(相关图片:近期轰炸时幸免保留下来的黎巴嫩废墟 [2006年8月])
国家地理学会的基因图谱项目组的扎罗瓦和他的同伴们偶然发现这一事实,当时正在进行一项中东地区人口的普查工作(美国国家地理新闻机构隶属国家地理学会)。
不像以前的研究依赖通过母体传承的线粒体DNA来解密人类迁移规律,本研究中研究人员利用父系提供的Y-染色体,Y-染色体被认为可以提供更加详细的信息。
该研究报告在当期美国《人类基因学期刊》发表。
十字军和穆斯林
所有黎巴嫩人口中的基督徒、德鲁兹人和穆斯林的基因标识起初为不可辨别的虚拟图像。但研究仔细观察926名黎巴嫩人的Y染色体可以发现一些令人感到好奇的地方。
“我们注意到基因数据中有趣的基因谱序,特别是我们发现了通常在西欧人群中出现频率较高的基因段—R1b。”常驻黎巴嫩的国家地理探索者--斯宾塞.威尔斯说。
这一研究与法国、德国、意大利和英国的数千人的基因谱系吻合。威尔斯说这一基因谱系只有黎巴嫩基督徒的基因中高频率的出现,穆斯林的基因中看不到。
他说,这一结果不会破坏黎巴嫩各部人民的共性,但这于口头传统一致,即黎巴嫩信仰基督教的人从基因谱系上来说是十字军的后裔。
“有关该地区的书面历史记载和我们所发现的基因谱系相对应。”
当研究人员观察穆斯林人口的Y染色体时发现了一条类似的图谱。基因图谱项目负责人,“我们发现了在阿拉伯半岛非常普遍的一种图谱—Hg J*—这一谱系在穆斯林人口的基因中频繁出现。”
威尔斯说,仅有2%的人的基因与上述谱系匹配,这些说明黎巴嫩历史上两次大的人口迁移所带来的影响。
“让我们奇怪的是只有在黎巴嫩的信仰基督教的人口中发现了该基因图谱,而在中东的地区没有找到,至少是目前还未找到。” 威尔斯说,“看起来是相对比较近的年代这些基督徒从西欧迁移到黎巴嫩,但不是穆斯林。”
“历史事件能够给出的解释是2%的Y染色体的黎巴嫩人口。”他说,“最可能的答案是十字军东征的结果。”
基因谱系研究人员称他们的发现建议:特别地说,公元11和13世纪东征的十字军将这一谱系带到黎巴嫩人口中。
他们说,公元7世纪开始的来自阿拉伯半岛的伊斯兰扩张带来了黎巴嫩的穆斯林谱系。
未被确信
曾经研究Y染色体以找到人类从非洲迁移的斯坦福大学教授彼德安德希尔说,新的研究数据对人们研究人类历史迁移有帮助作用,但这一发现不能充分证实。必须承认我本人对十字军东征和伊斯兰扩张影响黎巴嫩基因谱系的假设和结论提出质疑。
“我试图问及如果没有发生十字军东征和伊斯兰扩张,是否会出现类似的结果。” 安德希尔说,“在东征以前中东地区已经有基督传教人员,有些‘当地人’已经皓依基督”。在希腊已有东征前的人出现,这些染色体可能来自希腊,而非来自英法等国家。
但威尔斯和他的同伴予以否认。在黎巴嫩亚种群的基因谱系中发现的Hg J* 和 R1b两种基因需进一步解释。威尔斯说,历史上记载的十字军东征和伊斯兰扩张带来的人口迁移可能与安德希尔的论证相关,未对其造成基因影响,但可能有未记载的来自相同区域的人口迁移发生。
威尔斯说,比起利用历史记载对基因简单解释,这种替代的解释更复杂或更无道理。
| | English to Chinese: Study: Dyslexia differs by language | Source text - English Study: Dyslexia differs by language
发现者:transwood 来源:news.yahoo.com 发布时间:2008-04-08 类型:转载
Dyslexia affects different parts of children's brains depending on whether they are raised reading English or Chinese. That finding, reported in Monday's online edition of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, means that therapists may need to seek different methods of assisting dyslexic children from different cultures.
"This finding was very surprising to us. We had not ever thought that dyslexics' brains are different for children who read in English and Chinese," said lead author Li-Hai Tan, a professor of linguistics and brain and cognitive sciences at the University of Hong Kong. "Our finding yields neurobiological clues to the cause of dyslexia."
Millions of children worldwide are affected by dyslexia, a language-based learning disability that can include problems in reading, spelling, writing and pronouncing words. The International Dyslexia Association says there is no consensus on the exact number because not all children are screened, but estimates range from 8 percent to 15 percent of students.
Reading an alphabetic language like English requires different skills than reading Chinese, which relies less on sound representation, instead using symbols to represent words.
Past studies have suggested that the brain may use different networks of neurons in different languages, but none has suggested a difference in the structural parts of the brain involved, Tan explained.
Tan's research group studied the brains of students raised reading Chinese, using functional magnetic resonance imaging. They then compared those findings with similar studies of the brains of students raised reading English.
Guinevere F. Eden, director of the Center for the Study of Learning at Georgetown University in Washington, said the process of becoming a skilled reader changes the brain.
"Becoming a reader is a fairly dramatic process for the brain," explained Eden, who was not part of Tan's research team on this paper.
For children, learning to read is culturally important but is not really natural, Eden said, so when the brain orients toward a different writing system it copes with it differently.
For example, English-speaking children learn the sounds of letters and how to combine them into words, while Chinese youngsters memorize hundreds of symbols which represent words.
"The implication here is that when we see a reading disability, we see it in different parts of the brain depending on the writing system that the child is born into," Eden said.
That means, "we cannot just assume that any dyslexic child is going to be helped by the same kind of intervention," she said in a telephone interview.
Tan said the new findings suggest that treating Chinese speakers with dyslexia may use working memory tasks and tests relating to sensor-motor skills, while current treatments of English dyslexia focus on letter-sound conversions and sound awareness.
He said the underlying cause of brain structure abnormalities in dyslexia is currently unknown.
"Previous genetic studies suggest that malformations of brain development are associated with mutations of several genes and that developmental dyslexia has a genetic basis," he said in an interview via e-mail.
"We speculate that different genes may be involved in dyslexia in Chinese and English readers. In this respect, our brain-mapping findings can assist in the search for candidate genes that cause dyslexia," Tan said.
In their paper, the researchers noted that imaging studies of the brains of dyslexic children using alphabetic languages like English have identified unusual function and structure in the left temporo-parietal areas, thought to be involved in letter-to-sound conversions in reading; left middle-superior temporal cortex, thought to be involved in speech sound analysis, and the left inferior temporo-occipital gyrus, which may function as a quick word-form recognition system.
When they performed similar imaging studies on dyslexic Chinese youngsters, on the other hand, they found disruption in a different area, the left middle frontal gyrus region.
The study was funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China, the Hong Kong Research Grants Council and the University of Hong Kong.
In a separate paper, published two years ago, University of Michigan researchers reported that Asians and North Americans see the world differently.
Shown a photograph, North American students of European background paid more attention to the object in the foreground of a scene, while students from China spent more time studying the background and taking in the whole scene.
| Translation - Chinese 译文:研究发现:阅读困难症因语言而异
译者:lemonde 时间:2008-04-08
据周一中科院在网上发表的论文报导,由于儿童阅读时使用不同的语言(英语或汉语),阅读困难症影响着其大脑的不同部位。这一发现意味着治疗学家可以从不同的文化角度找到不同的办法,帮助那些有阅读困难的孩子。
“这一发现让我们非常惊讶,我们从未想过患有阅读困难症的孩子的大脑因其使用不同语言(英语或汉语)而异。”香港大学语言学家、大脑认知科学系谭利海教授说,“我们的发现从神经生物角度找到了导致阅读困难症的线索。”
阅读困难症,包括单词的阅读、拼写、书写和发音等以语言为基础的学习障碍问题,影响着世界上数百万儿童。国际阅读困难症防治协会称,由于未进行全部儿童筛选,没有确切、一致的患儿数据,但估计这些患者占学生总数的8-15%。
阅读英语类的拼音语言需要有不同于阅读汉语的技巧,汉语用符号表示单字,表音方面比英语相对少。
谭教授解释道:过去相关的研究建议人们,操不同语言的人的大脑能够使用不同的神经元网络,但无人提及大脑结构方面的差异。
谭教授的研究小组利用核磁共振图像研究了从小阅读汉语材料的学生的大脑结构,之后他们又将这些图片与从小英语材料的学生的大脑图片对比。
华盛顿乔治敦大学学问研究中心主任桂那福F爱登说,成为有技巧的读者的过程改变了大脑结构。
“成为一名有技巧的读者对于大脑来说是一个相当戏剧性的过程。”未参加谭教授研究小组的爱登说。
从文化角度讲,儿童学习阅读是非常重要的,但从实际上来说不是本能的。爱登说,所以当儿童的大脑适应不同的书写符号系统时,大脑有不同的反应。
例如,讲英语的儿童掌握了字母的发音以及将他们组成单词,而操汉语的儿童记住了数百个代表单字的图像。
这里暗示:当我们发现阅读障碍时,我们注意到由于儿童所在的书写符号系统的不同而造成的大脑构造差异。爱登在电话采访时说,“我们不能用同样的方法干预那些有阅读困难的孩子。”
谭教授说,该发现建议使用与感受器运动原术相关的工作记忆任务和测试来帮助操汉语的有阅读困难的儿童,另外用字母声音转换和声音识别的方法来帮助操英语的、有阅读困难的儿童。
他说,有阅读困难的儿童的大脑结构异常的内在原因目前仍不清楚。
他在通过电子邮件回答的访谈中说,“以前的基因研究建议大脑发育不良与基因突变有关,由于发育不良引起的阅读障碍有着某种基因上的联系。我们怀疑某些不同的基因影响着操汉语和英语的人阅读能力。在这个方面,脑图的研究发现可以帮我们找到那些导致阅读障碍的基因。”
研究人员在他们的论文中提到,已经发现使用英语类的拼音语言的阅读困难症的患者的大脑的左脑颞骨-顶骨区的功能及结构有所不同,该部分被认为是阅读中的字母-读音转换区;左中上颞骨皮层被认为是言语声音分析区;左前颞骨枕部脑回,被认为是词形快速识别区。
他们查看操汉语的阅读困难症的患者的大脑时发现不同地区,如左中前脑回区有中断。
该项研究有中国科技部、香港研究基金会和香港大学三所机构提供资助。
在两年前发表的一篇论文中,密歇根州立大学研究人员称,亚洲人和北美人看待世界迥然不同。 图片所示,欧洲裔的北美学生对场景前台过于关注,而华裔的学生花更多的时间关注背景及整个过程。
| More Less | | Years of translation experience: 20. Registered at ProZ.com: Jun 2008. Became a member: Feb 2011. | | N/A | | N/A | | TATI | | Adobe Acrobat, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Word, Powerpoint | | lemonde endorses ProZ.com's Professional Guidelines (v1.0). | | About me Work experiences
I worked as technical interpreter & translator for 20 years. Experiences related to the engineering, construction, operation, upgrading, revamping of many chemical plants have been accumulated during the works of the translation of various documents and interpretation on site, at meetings, contractual negotiations. Interpretation tasks in the US, France, Germany, Belgium, Finland etc have been successfully fulfilled. Being self-motivated, highly responsible, better communicating with clients. My clients include the following multi-national companies such as Dupont fiber, Jacobs Engineering, GE plastic of the US, BP of UK, Technip spichim of France and Mistui, Mitsubishi of Japan etc. I can provide translation(C-E,E-C, F-E,F-C) documents of patents, bidding, FIDIC contracts and interpretations (E-C,C-E).
Translation works:
Verified Report on the Coal Reserves of xxx Coal Mine, 20000 WORDS, from C to E;
LES SPORTIVE, 5000 words, from French to English;
Computer User Manual, partial documents, 20000 Chinese characters, from E to C;
Electrical Code and Standard, 7500 Chinese characters, from E to C;
Feasibility Study on Chemical Project, 30,000 Chinese characters, from E to C;
Training document on the Plastic films, 8000 Chinese characters, from C to E;
Personal Employment Contract, 5000 English words, from E to C;
Operation Procedure on Sugar Processing, 10,000 Chinese characters, from C to E;
Eligibility Certificates Architectural Enterprises, 5,000 Chinese characters, from C to E;
Company Introduction Pengyuan Enterprises Group, 15,000 Chinese characters, from C to E;
TAL Brochure, Man-made Materials related to Chemical, Textiles and Geo-textiles etc, 10,000 Chinese characters, from E to C;
Mg(OH)2 in Flue Gas Desulphurization, 5,000 Chinese characters, from C to E;
Lease Contract, 5,000 Chinese characters, from C to E;
Jacobs Engineering Documents, 50,000 Chinese characters, from E to C;
Research Documents of Dupont Chemical Fiber, 150,000 Chinese characters, from E to C;
Commercial contract 20,000 Chinese characters from C-to E;
|
| Keywords: chinese to/from english, french to chinese, french to english. chemistry, textile, engineering, management, environment, FIDIC etc.
Profile last updated Mar 16, 2011 |