 Member since Jan '11
Working languages: English to Spanish
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|   Mariana Hauber
A powerful agent is the right word. MT
Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina Local time: 03:55 ART (GMT-3)
Native in: Spanish  , English | | |
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Spanish to English - Rates: 0.06 - 0.08 USD per word / 20 - 25 USD per hour
| | PRO-level points: 87, Questions answered: 46, Questions asked: 12 | | MasterCard, Wire transfer | Sample translations submitted: 2 English to Spanish: Myoelectric Alterations after Voluntary Induced High - and Low - Frequency Fatigue
General field: Medical
Detailed field: Medical (general) | Source text - English
Myoelectric Alterations after Voluntary Induced High - and Low - Frequency Fatigue
Katja Tomazin, Nejc Sarabon and Vojko Strojnik
University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Sport, Slovenia
ABSTRACT
The aim of the study was to find whether voluntary induced high- and low-frequency peripheral fatigue exhibit specific alteration in surface EMG signal (SEMG) during evoked and maximum voluntary contractions. Ten male students of physical education performed 60 s long stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) exercise with maximal intensity and 30 s long concentric (CON) exercise with maximal intensity. To verify voluntary induced peripheral fatigue, knee torques during low- (T20) and high-frequency electrical stimulation (T100) of relaxed vastus lateralis muscle (VL) were obtained. Contractile properties of the VL were measured with passive twitch and maximal voluntary knee extension test (MVC). Changes in M-waves and SEMG during MVC test were used to evaluate the differences in myoelectrical signals. T100/T20 ratio decreased by 10.9 ± 8.4 % (p < 0.01) after the SSC exercise and increased by 35.9 ± 17.5 % (p < 0.001) after the CON exercise. Significant SEMG changes were observed only after the CON exercise where peak to peak time of the M-waves increased by 9.2 ± 13.3 % (p < 0.06), SEMG amplitude during MVC increased by 32.9 ± 21.6 % (p < 0.001) and SEMG power spectrum median frequency decreased by 11.0 ± 10.5 % (p < 0.05). It is concluded that high frequency fatigue wasn't reflected in SEMG, however the SEMG changes after the CON seemed to reflect metabolic changes due to acidosis.
Key words: M-wave, stretch-shortening cycle, electrical stimulation, median frequency.
INTRODUCTION
High- (HF) and low-frequency (LF) peripheral fatigues are specific to contraction type and intensity of exercise (Jereb and Strojnik, 2001; Strojnik and Komi, 1998; 2000; Tomazin et al., 2008). Special joint torque measuring devices and often unpleasant electrical stimulation were used in the above experiments. However, Jones, 1981 showed that surface EMG (SEMG) might be used for monitoring peripheral fatigue as well, which may provide less demanding diagnostic tool for peripheral fatigue and applicable to many muscles simultaneously.
Earlier studies using voluntary movements have already suggested that stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) exercise performed with maximal intensity induce HF fatigue (Jereb and Strojnik, 2001; Strojnik and Komi, 1998; Tomazin et al., 2008), while concentric (CON) exercise with maximal intensity (Jereb and Strojnik, 2003) and SSC exercise with submaximal intensity (Strojnik and Komi, 2000) induced LF fatigue. These experiments showed that at muscle force level HF fatigue has been seen as a selective loss of torque at HF electrical stimulation (100 Hz), whereas LF fatigue as a selective loss of torque at LF electrical stimulation (20 Hz). When HF fatigue was electrically elicited, selective loss of torque has been accompanied with reduction in amplitude of muscle compound action potential (MCAP) (Bigland-Ritchie et al., 1979; Darques and Jammes, 1997; Darques et al., 2003; Metzger and Fitts, 1986), followed by complete blockade of MCAP (M-wave) at the end of HF electrical stimulation (Badier et al., 1999; Sandercock et al., 1985). When LF fatigue was electrically elicited, selective loss of torque has been simultaneously accompanied with increased MCAP at the beginning of stimulation, which was followed by minor reduction and prolongation of MCAP at the end of LF electrical stimulation (Badier et al., 1999; Sandercock et al., 1985). Combined in situ analyses of metabolic and myoelectrical changes associated with electrically induced HF and LF fatigue (Darques et al., 2003) showed that force failure during HF stimulation resulted from an impaired propagation of muscle action potential (AP) with no metabolic involvement, while fatigue with LF stimulation was closely associated with metabolic changes with no alteration of muscle membrane excitability. As seen above, differences in MCAP were substantial after electrically induced HF vs. LF peripheral fatigue (Badier et al., 1999; Darques et al. in 2003; Sandercock et al., 1985). Therefore, fatigue with changes in amplitude of MCAP could be recognized as HF fatigue, while fatigue without MCAP changes as LF fatigue. In line with this, the study of Pasquet et al., 2000 interpreted M-wave changes after slow concentric contractions as HF fatigue.
| Translation - Spanish
Alteraciones Mioeléctricas Luego de Fatiga de Alta y Baja Frecuencia Inducida Voluntariamente
Katja Tomazin, Nejc Sarabon y Vojko Strojnik
Universdad deLjubljana, Faculad de Deporte, Eslovenia
RESUMEN
El objetivo de este estudio fue descubrir si la fatiga periférica de alta y baja frecuencia inducida voluntariamente presenta una alteración específica en la señal de EMG de superficie (SEMG) durante contracciones provocadas y contracciones máximas voluntarias. Diez estudiantes de educación física de sexo masculino realizaron un ciclo de estiramiento-acortamiento (SSC, por sus siglas en inglés) durante 60 s a máxima intensidad y un ejercicio concéntrico (CON) durante 30 s a máxima intensidad. Para verificar la fatiga periférica inducida voluntariamente, se obtuvieron los torques de la rodilla durante la estimulación eléctrica de baja (T20) y alta (T100) frecuencia del músculo vasto lateral (VL) relajado. Se midieron las propiedades contráctiles del VL con las pruebas de contracción pasiva y de extensión voluntaria máxima de la rodilla (MVC, por sus siglas en inglés). Se utilizaron los cambios en las ondas M y SEMG durante la prueba de MVC para evaluar las diferencias en las señales mioeléctricas. La proporción T100/T20 disminuyó en un 10,9 ± 8,4% (p < 0,01) luego del ejercicio SSC y aumentó en un 35,9 ± 17,5 % (p < 0,001) luego del ejercicio CON. Sólo se observaron cambios significativos en SEMG luego del ejercicio CON, donde la duración de las ondas M entre picos aumentó en un 9,2 ± 13,3 % (p < 0,06), la amplitud de SEMG durante MVC aumentó en un 32,9 ± 21,6 % (p < 0,001) y la frecuencia media del espectro de potencia de SEMG disminuyó en un 11,0 ± 10,5 % (p < 0,05). Se concluye que la fatiga de alta frecuencia no se ve reflejada en SEMG. Sin embargo, los cambios en SEMG luego del ejercicio CON parecían reflejar cambios metabólicos debidos a la acidosis.
Palabras clave: Onda M, ciclo de estiramiento-acortamiento, estimulación eléctrica, frecuencia media.
INTRODUCCIÓN
Las fatigas periféricas de alta (HF, por sus siglas en inglés) y baja (LF, por sus siglas en inglés) frecuencia son específicas al tipo de contracción e intensidad del ejercicio (Jereb y Strojnik, 2001; Strojnik y Komi, 1998; 2000; Tomazin et al., 2008). En los experimentos mencionados anteriormente se utilizaron dispositivos especiales para la medición del torque en las articulaciones y estimulación eléctrica, que a menudo resultaba desagradable. Sin embargo, Jones, 1981, demostró que la EMG de superficie también podría ser utilizada para monitorear la fatiga periférica, lo que podría proporcionar una herramienta de diagnóstico menos demandante y aplicable a varios músculos de manera simultánea.
Estudios anteriores que utilizaron movimientos voluntarios han sugerido que el ejercicio con ciclo de estiramiento-acortamiento (SSC, por sus siglas en inglés) realizado con máxima intensidad induce fatiga HF (Jereb y Strojnik, 2001; Strojnik y Komi, 1998; Tomazin et al., 2008), mientras que los ejercicios concéntricos (CON) realizados con máxima intensidad (Jereb y Strojnik, 2003) y el ejercicio SSC con intensidad submáxima (Strojnik y Komi, 2000) induce fatiga LF. Estos experimentos demostraron que a nivel de la fuerza muscular, la fatiga HF se evidencia como una pérdida selectiva de torque a una estimulación eléctrica de alta frecuencia (100 Hz), mientras que la fatiga LF se evidencia como una pérdida selectiva de torque en estimulación eléctrica de baja frecuencia (20 Hz). Cuando la fatiga HF se obtuvo eléctricamente, la pérdida selectiva de torque se vio acompañada por una reducción de la amplitud del potencial de acción del compuesto muscular (MCAP, por sus siglas en inglés) (Bigland-Ritchie et al., 1979; Darques y Jammes, 1997; Darques et al., 2003; Metzger y Fitts, 1986), seguido de un bloqueo completo de MCAP (onda M) al concluir la estimulación eléctrica HF (Badier et al., 1999; Sandercock et al., 1985). Cuando la fatiga LF se obtuvo por estimulación eléctrica, la pérdida selectiva de torque se vio acompañada simultáneamente por un aumento de MCAP al inicio de la estimulación, a lo cual siguió una reducción menor y prolongación de MCAP al concluir la estimulación eléctrica de baja frecuencia (Badier et al., 1999; Sandercock et al., 1985). Los análisis combinados in situ de los cambios metabólicos y mioeléctricos asociados a la inducción eléctrica de la fatiga HF y LF (Darques et al., 2003) demostraron que la falla de fuerza durante la estimulación de alta frecuencia fue el resultado de una propagación dañada del potencial de acción muscular (AP, por sus siglas en inglés) sin compromiso metabólico, mientras que la fatiga con estimulación de baja frecuencia se asoció estrechamente con cambios metabólicos sin alteración de la excitabilidad de las membranas musculares. Lo anterior expuesto sugiere que las diferencias en MCAP entre la fatiga periférica HF y LF inducidas eléctricamente resultaron ser sustanciales (Badier et al., 1999; Darques et al. en 2003; Sandercock et al., 1985). Por lo tanto, la fatiga con cambios en la amplitud de MCAP podrían ser reconocidas como fatiga HF, mientras que la fatiga sin cambios MCAP sería fatiga LF. De acuerdo con esto, el estudio de Pasquet et al., 2000 interpretó los cambios en las ondas M luego de contracciones concéntricas lentas como fatiga HF.
| English to Spanish: Donate Life Virginia, organ, eye and tissue donation, Eng-Spa
General field: Medical
Detailed field: Medical (general) | Source text - English
www.donatelifevirginia.org | Translation - Spanish
www.donatelifevirginia.org/defaultESN.aspx |
More Less | | Years of translation experience: 12. Registered at ProZ.com: Aug 2008. Became a member: Jan 2011. | | N/A | English to Spanish (CErtificate of Proficiency in English)
Spanish to English (Certificate of Proficiency in English)
| | N/A | | Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Word, SDL TRADOS, SDLX | | CV available upon request | | Mariana Hauber endorses ProZ.com's Professional Guidelines. | | About me I am a fully bilingual translator and proofreader with more than 10 years' experience in the medical, technical and general fields.
I have a background in Education.
These are some of my latest translation projects:
Transcription Global: Translation into English of medical market research interviews on Postmenopausal Osteoporosis, Oncology, Orphan Medications and Rare Diseases, Diabetic care, Achondroplasia, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Peripheral T-Cell Lymphomas, Major Depressive Disorder and Generalized Anxiety Disorder, HIV Medications and treatment approaches, Serology Screening Practices and Equipment, IV iron in dialysis and pre-dialysis patients, Overactive Bladder, and Myelodysplastic Syndrome.
Translation of guide for medical market research purposes on Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma, English to Spanish.
Translation of guide for market research purposes on Safety Practices, English to Spanish. www.transcriptionglobal.co.uk
Kerux Group: English-Spanish translation of medical texts for the general population on high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease. www.keruxgroup.com
Donate Life Virginia: Translation of website from English to Spanish. Topic: Organ, eye and tissue donation.
Translators USA: Proofreading of a large translation in the field of medicine (genetics). English to Spanish.
Compass Languages: Translations of Spanish audio material into English. www.compasslanguages.com
Tradcore: Spanish-English Translation, Travel and Tourism.
Looah: Translation of articles from Spanish to English. Various Topics. www.looah.com
Trackaroo: Translation of Dynomaster Android application to Spanish: Topic: Cars: www.trackaroo.com
SpacedEd: Translation of website into Spanish. Topic: Education www.spaceded.com
Mitsubishi Plastics Composites America, Inc- Translation of Warranty Certificates, Product information sheets and website. www.graphic-al.com
Hotels-in.com: Translation of website in the field of travel and tourism. www.hotels-in.com
Alexandra Markanova, Translation of product manuals.
Donna Twose Transcription/Translation of market research interview. Topic: Diabetic foot ulcers. www.quicksec.co.uk
ACT S.A. Abogados, Consultores & Traductores English Proofreading. Topic:Law
Ross Machinery: Translation of Baler specifications. Topic: Baling machines.
Golden Quill Publishers:Translation of Bible for Babies. Subject: Religion. Link to the book on Amazon:
http://www.amazon.co.uk/Biblia-Del-Bebe-Primera-Ninos/dp/1906227195/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1250893108&sr=1-1
Translation of Children's Stories.
Trackaroo: Translation of website and software. Topic: car races. www.trackaroo.com
Fresh Start Forms: Translation of E-book. Topic: Personal Finances. www.freshstartforms.com
Houston Gold: translation of their web page. Topic: gold, jewellery. www.houstongold.com
Bavarian Technic: Translation of software for Spanish users. Topic: car tuning. June 30th, 2009. www.bavariantechnic.com
Vento Haragano: Proofreading of the English version of the webpage. Topic: Restaurant. June 25th, 2009.
www.ventoharagano.com.br
GlaxoSmithKline: Translation of a medical presentation. May 15th, 2009.
Eaton Corporation: Translation of technical manuals. Nov-Dec, 2008.
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