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|    Wiyanto Suroso
Connecting Cultures
Depok, Jawa Barat (Djawa Barat), Indonesia Local time: 01:36 WIT (GMT+7)
Native in: Indonesian  | | |
Serving you with fast, accurate translation | Freelancer,  Verified member | | Translation, Interpreting, Editing/proofreading, Website localization, Post-editing | | Specializes in: | | General / Conversation / Greetings / Letters | Marketing / Market Research | | Mechanics / Mech Engineering | Medical (general) | | Internet, e-Commerce | Law (general) | | Business/Commerce (general) | Environment & Ecology |
| Also works in: | | Law: Contract(s) | Government / Politics | | Forestry / Wood / Timber | Military / Defense | | Energy / Power Generation | Agriculture | | Tourism & Travel | Economics | | Advertising / Public Relations | Sports / Fitness / Recreation | | Law: Patents, Trademarks, Copyright | Biology (-tech,-chem,micro-) | | Science (general) | Social Science, Sociology, Ethics, etc. | | Nutrition | Patents | | Journalism | Geography | | History | Religion | | Education / Pedagogy | Finance (general) | | Anthropology | IT (Information Technology) | | Medical: Health Care | Telecom(munications) | | Engineering (general) | Botany | | Fisheries | International Org/Dev/Coop |
More Less | | EUR | | PRO-level points: 1570, Questions answered: 1559, Questions asked: 1 | | Wire transfer, Visa | Sample translations submitted: 7 English to Indonesian: Marketing strategy
General field: Marketing
Detailed field: Marketing / Market Research | Source text - English
Each consumer approaches the purchase of furniture and home accessories with certain desires and criteria. Some want products that are contemporary in design while others are looking for a specific size or color. Many prefer to see and touch the products, although online sales continue to grow rapidly, especially among younger consumers. A growing number are asking for sustainably produced goods, buying only from companies that source from sustainable suppliers. Most, of course, will focus on design, quality and price.
Buyers – your customers – use similar criteria, plus additional requirements such as production capacity, reliable delivery and good business communications. How do you identify these criteria and successfully promote your products and company? With infinite resources, a business might attempt to meet the desires and expectations of every buyer. But since time and money are limited, most must instead choose which buyers and products to focus their efforts on.
A marketing strategy helps you make these choices. It helps you identify and prioritize buyer interests, focus on those buyers that are more likely to purchase your products, and select the best way to market to them. A good marketing strategy seeks to answer the following questions:
What are the latest trends?
Which buyers should I focus on, and how can I expand my customer base?
How am I different from my competition?
What are my competitive advantages?
What types of marketing should I use, and how should I communicate with buyers?
You begin with market research, and as you develop and implement your marketing strategy develops, you continue to conduct research. Ongoing market research is essential because the marketplace is always changing. Consumer interests shift, new trends emerge, competitors switch tactics, and new competition arises. Successful companies never stop researching, and their marketing strategies are constantly adapting to a new landscape of opportunities and challenges. | Translation - Indonesian
Setiap konsumen datang untuk membeli furnitur dan perlengkapan rumah dengan keinginan dan kriteria tertentu. Sebagian menginginkan produk dengan desain masa kini sedangkan sebagian lainnya mencari ukuran atau warna tertentu. Kebanyakan pembeli lebih suka melihat dan menyentuh produk tersebut walaupun penjualan online terus meningkat dengan cepat, terutama di kalangan konsumen muda. Sejumlah pembeli -yang semakin bertambah jumlahnya- mencari produk yang dihasilkan secara berkelanjutan; membeli hanya dari perusahaan yang sumbernya dari pemasok berkelanjutan. Kebanyakan tentu saja akan memfokuskan pada desain, kualitas, dan harga.
Pembeli –pelanggan Anda- memakai kriteria yang sama, ditambah dengan persyaratan tambahan seperti kemampuan berproduksi, pengiriman yang andal, dan hubungan usaha yang baik. Bagaimana Anda mengidentifikasi kriteria tersebut dan mempromosikan produk dan perusahaan Anda? Dengan sumberdaya tak terbatas, perusahaan mungkin berupaya memenuhi keinginan dan harapan setiap pembeli. Namun karena waktu dan dana terbatas, kebanyakan perusahaan harus memilih pembeli dan jenis produk mana yang menjadi fokusnya.
Strategi pemasaran membantu Anda membuat pilihan-pilihan ini. Hal ini membantu Anda mengidentifikasi dan mengutamakan kepentingan pembeli, memfokuskan pada pembeli yang kemungkinan besar membeli produk Anda, dan memilih cara terbaik untuk menjual kepada mereka. Strategi pemasaran yang baik berupaya menjawab pertanyaan berikut:
Bagaimana tren terakhir?
Pembeli yang mana semestinya menjadi fokus saya, dan bagaimana saya dapat meluaskan pangsa pelanggan?
Bagaimana saya dapat berbeda dari para pesaing?
Apa keunggulan daya saing saya?
Jenis pemasaran apa yang semestinya saya pakai, dan bagaimana saya seharusnya berkomunikasi dengan pembeli?
Anda memulai dengan meneliti pasar, dan karena Anda menyusun dan menjalankan strategi pemasaran, Anda melanjutkan pelaksanaan penelitian. Penelitian pasar yang terus-menerus itu sangat perlu karena pasar selalu berubah. Kepentingan konsumen bergeser, tren baru muncul, para pesaing mengubah taktik, dan persaingan baru timbul. Perusahaan-perusahaan besar tidak pernah berhenti melakukan penelitian, dan strategi pemasaran mereka terus menyesuaikan diri dengan kemungkinan peluang dan tantangan baru. | English to Indonesian: Material Safety Data Sheet
General field: Tech/Engineering
Detailed field: Chemistry; Chem Sci/Eng | Source text - English
Chronic overexposure may cause effects of chronic lead toxicity. "Chromium and certain chromium compounds" are currently classified by IARC (Group 2B) as possible carcinogens but it is stipulated that 'the compound(s) responsible for the carcinogenic effect in humans cannot be specified'. ACGIH currently lists 'chromates of lead' as 'substances suspect of carcinogenic potential for man'. EPA's health assessment document for chromium states that 'animal cancer bioassay studies suggest that hexavalent chromium compounds (particularly soluble and sparingly soluble compounds) are probably the etiological agent in chromium related human cancer. Data supporting this position exists in both rats and humans. Rat bronchial implant studies have shown that only calcium, strontium and zinc chromates produced statistically significant increases in the numbers of bronchial carcinomas while no such increases were seen with seven different samples of lead chromate pigments.
All hexavalent chromium compounds (including lead chromates) are considered to be suspect human carcinogens. However, available epidemiological evidence does not confirm this position. In every case where excess lung cancer incidences have been reported, exposure was either to zinc chromate alone or involved mixed exposures to various combinations of zinc, lead, strontium and barium chromates. In studies, no increased incidence in lung cancer was observed.
As noted in the OSHA Lead Standard, repeated and prolonged exposures may cause delayed effects involving the blood, gastro-intestinal, nervous and reproductive systems.
Due to their extreme water insolubility these products are non toxic to aquatic life. Because of their chemical stability they do not degrade in water. However, the European Commission stated that all products containing lead and hexavalent chromium must be considered toxic to the environment.
Due to its extreme water insolubility this product is non toxic to aquatic life. Because of its chemical stability it does not degrade in water. | Translation - Indonesian
Paparan kronis berlebihan dapat menyebabkan toksisitas timbal kronis. “Kromium dan senyawa kromium tertentu” sekarang ini dikelompokkan oleh IARC (Kelompok 2B) sebagai kemungkinan karsinogen, tetapi ditetapkan bahwa ‘senyawa yang bertanggung jawab atas dampak karsinogenik pada manusia belum dapat diketahui’. ACGIH sekarang ini mendaftar ‘timbal kromat' sebagai 'zat yang diduga berpotensi karsonigenik bagi manusia'. Dokumen penilaian kesehatan EPA dalam hal kromium menyatakan bahwa ‘kajian uji hayati kanker pada hewan menyarankan bahwa senyawa kromium heksavalen (khususnya senyawa yang dapat larut dan yang sedikit dapat larut) kemungkinan merupakan bahan etiologis dalam kanker pada manusia yang terkait dengan kromium'. Data yang mendukung pernyataan ini berkenaan dengan tikus maupun manusia. Kajian pencangkokan bronkus pada tikus telah menunjukkan bahwa hanya kalsium, strontium, dan seng kromat menghasilkan peningkatan secara nyata dalam hal banyaknya karsinoma bronkus menurut statistik sedangkan tidak tampak peningkatan sedemikian itu pada tujuh contoh pigmen timbal kromat yang berbeda.
Seluruh senyawa kromium heksavalen (termasuk timbal kromat) diduga karsinogen bagi manusia. Namun demikian, bukti epidemiologis yang ada tidak menunjang pernyataan ini. Dalam setiap kasus terjadinya kanker paru-paru berat yang telah dilaporkan, paparan diakibatkan oleh seng kromat saja atau campuran paparan oleh berbagai kombinasi dari seng, timbal, strontium, dan barium kromat. Dalam kajian, tidak diamati terjadinya peningkatan kanker paru-paru.
Sebagaimana tercatat pada Standar Arahan OSHA, paparan berulang dan lama dapat menyebabkan dampak tertunda pada sistem darah, pencernaan, syaraf, dan reproduksi.
Karena sifatnya yang benar-benar tidak larut di dalam air, produk ini tidak beracun terhadap kehidupan perairan. Karena kestabilan bahan kimianya, produk ini tidak terurai di dalam air. Akan tetapi, Komisi Eropa (EC) menyatakan bahwa seluruh produk yang mengandung timbal dan kromium heksavalen harus dianggap beracun terhadap lingkungan.
Karena sifatnya yang benar-benar tidak larut di dalam air, produk ini tidak beracun terhadap kehidupan perairan. Karena kestabilan bahan kimianya, produk ini tidak terurai di dalam air. | English to Indonesian: REDD
General field: Tech/Engineering
Detailed field: Forestry / Wood / Timber | Source text - English
We identified three categories of lessons that are worth mentioning; although there are many more “ideas” that emerge from each individual case study and the experiences of other net forest-adding or -maintaining countries (FACs), or groups of them, that are worth considering as the net forest-losing countries (FLCs) move down the path of environmentally sound development.
The lesson derives from the fact that when, through Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD), countries effectively conserve their own natural forest resources and avoid deforestation at home, they will tend to expand significantly their imports of wood and forest products from other countries unless they have a mature and ready source of wood from planted forests (which was not the case in four of the five countries studied here). Increased imports means increased harvest of wood in other countries, leading to international leakage; thus, lower carbon emission savings and less effective REDD than would appear by just looking at an FAC in question. Furthermore, at least in the case study countries, much of the leakage was based on illegal forest activity, which does not benefit the exporting countries and helps to keep the international market prices for wood and wood products lower than they otherwise would have been.
Related to these lessons for FLCs, there is also one major lesson for the global community now in the process of designing the REDD architecture. The relevance and importance of the lesson depends on the recognition that: (a) in a “green economy” context, the use of wood is good as a raw material substitute for alternative non-renewable, high energy intensity raw materials; and (b) demand for wood is expanding rapidly in most countries in the process of development (and certainly in the five case study countries), both to meet domestic needs and the demands of rapidly growing export markets. Given these recognitions, the lesson for the global community is stated in the conclusion of the IWG-IFR (Informal Working Group on Interim Finance for REDD) (2009): “The incentive structure (for REDD) …. Must have close to global coverage –an incentive structure that is attractive for one country but not others is likely to lead to international leakage.”
| Translation - Indonesian
Kami memperoleh tiga macam pelajaran yang berharga untuk disebutkan; walaupun lebih banyak lagi “gagasan” yang muncul dari masing-masing studi kasus dan pengalaman negara yang hutannya bertambah luas atau tetap (FAC) lain, ataupun kelompok FAC, yang berharga untuk dipertimbangkan karena negara yang hutannya berkurang (FLC) gagal mengikuti cara pembangunan yang ramah lingkungan.
Pelajaran yang diperoleh dari kenyataan tersebut ialah bahwa tatkala dengan Pengurangan Emisi dari Deforestasi dan Degradasi Hutan (REDD), negara-negara berhasil melestarikan sumberdaya hutan alam dan menghindari deforestasi di negeri sendiri, mereka akan cenderung memperbesar impor kayu dan hasil hutan dari negara-negara lain dalam jumlah besar, kecuali jika telah memiliki sumber kayu yang siap panen dari hutan tanaman (yang tidak berlaku bagi empat dari lima negara yang dikaji di sini). Bertambahnya impor berarti bertambahnya panen kayu di negara-negara lain, yang mengakibatkan kebocoran internasional. Dengan demikian, cadangan emisi karbon lebih rendah dan REDD kurang berhasil dibandingkan dengan yang tampak dengan hanya melihat FAC yang dipertanyakan. Lagi pula, setidak-tidaknya di negara-negara tempat studi kasus, banyak dari kebocoran tersebut berasal dari pembalakan liar, yang tidak menguntungkan bagi negara-negara eksportir dan turut mempertahankan harga kayu dan produk kayu di pasar internasional lebih rendah daripada yang seharusnya.
Berkaitan dengan pelajaran bagi FLC ini, ada pula pelajaran penting bagi masyarakat dunia yang sedang dalam proses perancangan kerangka REDD . Kesesuaian dan pentingnya pelajaran tersebut bergantung pada pengakuan bahwa: (a) dalam hal "ekonomi hijau", pemakaian kayu itu bagus sebagai pengganti bahan baku karena merupakan bahan baku alternatif tidak terbarukan dan menghasilkan energi besar; dan (b) kebutuhan akan kayu berkembang pesat di kebanyakan negara yang sedang membangun (juga tentunya di lima negara tempat studi kasus), baik untuk memenuhi kebutuhan di dalam negeri maupun permintaan pasar ekspor yang tumbuh pesat. Dengan pengakuan tersebut, pelajaran bagi masyarakat dunia dinyatakan dalam kesimpulan Kelompok Kerja Informal mengenai Pembiayaan Sementara REDD (IWG-IFR, 2009): "Sarana perangsang (untuk REDD).... harus dekat dengan liputan dunia - sarana perangsang yang menarik bagi sebuah negara, tetapi tidak bagi negara-negara lainnya, boleh jadi menyebabkan kebocoran internasional.” | English to Indonesian: Protective Clothing when Riding a Two Wheeler
General field: Social Sciences
Detailed field: Tourism & Travel | Source text - English
Always wear protective clothing when riding a two wheeler as this is your only protection from the road surface in the event of a collision.
Long sleeve shirts or jackets and long pants will provide better protection from abrasions as they cover your elbows, knees, back, shins and shoulders. A heavier material such as leather is generally thought to offer the highest protection, but can be uncomfortable in hot weather.
Make sure the pants/trousers you wear are not baggy or flared at the bottom, as this may interfere with the operation of the controls on your vehicle.
It is safest to wear bright clothing during the day and reflective clothing at night to increase your visibility to other road users. Some clothing will be both bright and reflective so that it offers the highest levels of visibility during both day and night.
The same way other clothes protect your body from surface abrasions, gloves offer significant protection to your hands. Gloves should be worn to maintain a firm grip on the handlebar and controls. In the event of a fall, gloves provide protection for your hands. Make sure the gloves you wear fit comfortably and give a good feel of controls.
Footwear is another important aspect of your protection. Riding boots are the best form of footwear, mainly, because they offer the most protection to your feet and ankles in the event of a fall or collision. Do not wear sandals or slippers/flip flops as these do not provide protection for your feet at all. Avoid shoes with laces, as they may interfere with your vehicle’s operations and controls. High heels and platform shoes should also not be worn while riding as these types of shoes do not give you a good feel of the pedals and will not allow you to maintain control of your vehicle properly. | Translation - Indonesian
Selalu kenakan pakaian pelindung ketika mengendarai kendaraan beroda dua karena merupakan satu-satunya pelindung Anda dari permukaan jalan tatkala terjadi tabrakan.
Kemeja lengan panjang atau jaket dan celana panjang akan memberi perlindungan yang lebih baik dari goresan karena menutupi siku, lutut, punggung, tulang kering, dan bahu Anda. Bahan yang lebih berat seperti kulit pada umumnya dianggap memberikan perlindungan terbaik, tetapi boleh jadi tidak nyaman apabila cuaca panas.
Pastikan bahwa celana panjang yang Anda pakai tidak longgar atau lebar di bagian bawah karena dapat mengganggu dalam mengendalikan kendaraan Anda.
Cara teraman ialah memakai pakaian cerah selama siang hari dan pakaian yang berpendar pada malam hari untuk menambah daya pandang terhadap Anda di mata pengguna jalan lainnya. Pakaian sebaiknya berwarna cerah dan berpendar sehingga memberi daya pandang terbaik pada siang maupun malam hari.
Dengan cara yang sama, pakaian lain melindungi badan Anda dari goresan permukaan jalan, sarung tangan memberi perlindungan yang bagus terhadap tangan Anda. Sarung tangan semestinya dipakai untuk mempertahankan cengkeraman yang kokoh pada kemudi dan fungsi kendali. Tatkala jatuh, sarung tangan memberikan perlindungan terhadap tangan Anda. Pastikan bahwa sarung tangan yang Anda pakai pas dan nyaman dan dapat merasakan fungsi kendali dengan baik.
Alas kaki merupakan bagian perlindungan penting lainnya bagi Anda. Sepatu bot untuk bersepeda motor merupakan jenis alas kaki terbaik, terutama karena memberi perlindungan paling baik terhadap kaki dan mata kaki Anda tatkala jatuh ataupun tabrakan. Jangan memakai sandal jepit ataupun selop karena tidak memberikan perlindungan terhadap kaki Anda sama sekali. Hindari sepatu bertali karena dapat mengganggu pengoperasian dan pengendalian kendaraan Anda. Sepatu bertumit tinggi dan berhak tinggi juga tidak semestinya dipakai selama berkendaraan karena jenis sepatu ini tidak membuat Anda mampu merasakan injakan dan tidak memungkinkan Anda mempertahankan kendali atas kendaraan Anda secara baik. | Indonesian to English: Auditor’s Report
General field: Bus/Financial
Detailed field: Finance (general) | Source text - Indonesian
Kami telah mengaudit Neraca PT. XYZ tanggal 31 Desember 2008, serta Laporan Perubahan Ekuitas dan laporan Arus Kas untuk tahun yang berakhir pada tanggal tersebut. Laporan keuangan adalah tanggung jawab manajemen perusahaan. Tanggung jawab kami terletak pada pernyataan pendapat atas laporan keuangan berdasarkan audit kami. Laporan keuangan perusahaan untuk tahun yang berakhir pada tanggal 31 Desernber 2007 telah diaudit oleh auditor independen lain dan laporannya tertanggal 18 Juli 2008 berisi pendapat wajar dengan pengecualian atas laporan keuangan tersebut.
Kami melaksanakan audit berdasarkan standar auditing yang ditetapkan Institut Akuntan Publik Indonesia. Standar tersebut mengharuskan kami merencanakan dan melaksanakan audit agar memperoleh keyakinan memadai laporan keuangan bebas dari salah saji material. Suatu audit meliputi pemeriksaan, atas dasar pengujian bukti-bukti yang mendukung jumlah-jumlah dan pengungkapan dalam laporan keuangan. Audit juga meliputi penilaian atas prinsip akuntansi yang digunakan dan estimasi signifikan yang dibuat olen manajemen serta penilaian terhadap penyajian laporan keuangan secara keseluruhan. Kami yakin bahwa audit kami memberikan dasar memadai untuk menyatakan pendapat.
Sebagaimana dijelaskan dalam catatan nomor 25 atas laporan keuangan, perusahaan belum menghitung estimasi kewajiban manfaat karyawan pasca kerja seperti yang diharuskan dalam Pernyataan Standar Akuntansi (PSAK) nomor 24 tentang "Imbalan kerja".
Kecuali akibat yang ditimbulkan oleh paragraf ketiga di atas, laporan keuangan tersebut di atas rnenyatakan secara wajar, dalam semua hal yang material, posisi keuangan PT. XYZ tanggal 31 Desember 2008, serta hasil usaha dan arus kas untuk tahun yang berakhir pada tanggal tersebut sesuai dengan prinsip akuntansi yang berlaku umum di Indonesia. | Translation - English
We have audited a balance sheet of PT. XYZ as of December 31, 2008 as well as statements of change in equity and cash flow for the year ended on that date. The financial statement is the responsibility of the company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on this financial statement based on our audits. The company’s financial statement for the year ended on December 31, 2007 has been audited by another independent auditor and its report dated July 18, 2008 expressed a fair opinion with an exception on the financial statement.
We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards established by the Indonesian Institute of Registered Public Accountants. The standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain the reasonable assurance about whether the financial statement is free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statement. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by the management as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for expressing our opinion.
As explained in note number 25 to the financial statement, the company has not estimated benefit liabilities of the employees’ pension as required in the Financial Accounting Standard (PSAK) number 24 concerning “employee benefits”.
Except consequences of the third paragraph referred to above, the financial statement presents fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of PT. XYZ as of December 31, 2008 as well as the operating revenue and the cash flow for the year ended on that date in conformity with accounting principles generally applicable in Indonesia. | Indonesian to English: Academic Paper for Draft Regulation
General field: Law/Patents
Detailed field: Law (general) | Source text - Indonesian
Pemerintah Provinsi Aceh telah mencanangkan dan mengembangkan visi pembangunan ekonomi yang berorientasi pada konservasi lingkungan hidup. Visi pembangunan yang kerap disebut dengan Visi Aceh Hijau ini dicanangkan Gubernur Aceh Irwandi Yusuf dalam rangka penyelamatan lingkungan hidup Aceh yang makin tergerus oleh kegiatan-kegiatan ekonomi yang tidak ramah lingkungan. Pencanangan moratorium penebangan hutan Aceh merupakan tindakan nyata dan implementasi dari visi Aceh Hijau tersebut. Contoh lain, skema penjualan carbon ekosistem Ulu Masen merupakan langkah nyata penyelamatan lingkungan yang memiliki kompensasi ekonomis. Dengan demikian bahwa hutan lestari mampu menopang secara ekonomi dan memberikan kualitas lingkungan yang baik.
Penyelamatan lingkungan tidak sekadar pada membatasi atau melarang penebangan pohon yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat kecil atau mereka yang hidup disekitar hutan lindung, namun juga harus menjawab persoalan ekonomi keseharian yang dialaminya. Tanpa menyelesaikan persoalan mereka, niscaya mereka pun akan terus melakukan tindakan-tindakan yang bertentangan dengan visi penyelamatan hutan dan lingkungan di Aceh. Salah satu gagasan untuk menjawab persoalan ekonomi, disatu sisi, dan disisi lain penyelamatan lingkungan secara komprehensif adalah memberikan kompensasi melalui skema Imbal Jasa Lingkungan. Skema ini memungkinkan para pengguna maupun penyedia layanan lingkungan terlibat aktif dalam memerankan fungsinya masing-masing.
Di sisi lain, tindakan dan penegakan hukum yang optimal perlu dilakukan bagi mereka (kelompok maupun korporasi) yang melakukan penebangan hutan secara liar. Hal ini perlu dilakukan secara tegas dan terukur guna menjamin kelestarian dan keberlanjutan lingkungan hidup di Aceh. Tanpa tindakan hukum yang tegas, boleh jadi semua aturan atau regulasi yang diciptakan tidak akan memiliki dampak apa pun dalam penyelamatan lingkungan di Aceh. Namun, tindakan dan penegakan hukum ini harus tercermin dalam regulasi maupun kebijakan yang harus diciptakan untuk maksud tersebut. Apabila tidak, maka tidak akan memiliki payung hukum untuk bergerak dalam rangka melakukan tindakan dan penegakan hukum. | Translation - English
The Government of Aceh has proclaimed and developed environmental conservation-oriented economic development vision. This development vision --which is often called as the Aceh Green Vision-- was proclaimed by Governor Irwandi Yusuf in securing Aceh’s environment that is being eroded more and more by unwise environmentally economic activities. Proclaiming the logging moratorium in Aceh is a real action and implementation of the Aceh Green Vision. Another example, the carbon selling scheme of the Ulu Masen ecosystem is a real measure in environmental rescue that has economic compensations. Therefore, it is expected that sustainable forests be able to support economically and provide sound environmental quality.
The environmental rescue is not just limiting or prohibiting the logging by small communities or those living in the surroundings of protected forests, but also has to cope with their daily economic problems. Without coping with their problems, they will surely continue doing activities contradictory with the forest and environmental rescue vision in Aceh. One of ideas in coping with economic problems in one side, and the comprehensive environmental rescue on the other side, is by providing compensations through a scheme of Payments for Environmental Services (PES). This scheme enables environmental users and providers to involve in playing their respective roles.
On the other hand, sufficient legal measures and law enforcement are needed to overcome groups and corporate who conduct illegal logging. They need to be implemented strictly and measurably in order to ensure environmental sustainability in Aceh. Without any strict legal measure, all regulations created might not be able to bring out any impact in environmental rescue in Aceh. However, legal measures and law enforcement have to be reflected in regulations and policies created for the purpose. Otherwise, there will be no legal basis to maneuver in conducting legal measures and law enforcement. | Indonesian to English: Strategic Plan
General field: Social Sciences
Detailed field: Government / Politics | Source text - Indonesian
Pembangunan ekonomi yang telah ditempuh di masa lalu telah menghasilkan berbagai kemajuan yang cukup berarti namun sekaligus juga mewariskan berbagai permasalahan yang mendesak untuk dipecahkan. Penitikberatan pembangunan masa lalu pada tercapainya tingkat pertumbuhan ekonomi yang tinggi telah menciptakan peningkatan pendapatan perkapita, penurunan jumlah kemiskinan dan pengangguran, serta perbaikan kualitas hidup manusia secara rata-rata. Meskipun demikian pembangunan ekonomi yang sangat berorientasi kepada peningkatan produksi nasional ini, tidak disertai oleh pembangunan dan perkuatan institusi-institusi, baik publik maupun insitusi pasar, terutama institusi keuangan yang seharusnya berfungsi melakukan alokasi sumberdaya secara efisien dan bijaksana. Hasil pembangunan yang dicapai telah menimbulkan akibat negatif dalam bentuk kesenjangan antar golongan pendapatan, antar wilayah, dan antar kelompok masyarakat.
Isu kesenjangan wilayah diantaranya mencakup kesenjangan antara Jawa – luar Jawa, antara Kawasan Barat Indonesia (KBI) – Kawasan Timur Indonesia (KTI), serta antara kota – desa. Untuk dua konteks pertama, ketimpangan telah berakibat langsung pada munculnya semangat kedaerahan yang pada titik paling ekstrim muncul dalam bentuk upaya-upaya separatis. Sedangkan untuk konteks yang ketiga – kesenjangan antara desa dan kota – disebabkan oleh investasi ekonomi (infrastruktur dan kelembagaan) yang cenderung terkonsentrasi di daerah perkotaan. Akibatnya, kota mengalami pertumbuhan yang lebih cepat sedangkan wilayah perdesaan relatif tertinggal.
Ketertinggalan tingkat kemajuan wilayah perdesaan juga disebabkan oleh masih rendahnya produktivitas dan kualitas petani dan pertanian, terbatasnya akses petani terhadap sumberdaya permodalan, serta rendahnya kualitas dan kuantitas infrastruktur pertanian dan perdesaan. Akibatnya kesejahteraan masyarakat di perdesaan yang mencakup sekitar 60 persen penduduk Indonesia, khususnya petani, masih sangat rendah tercermin dari jumlah pengangguran dan jumlah penduduk miskin yang lebih besar dibandingkan masyarakat di perkotaan.
Percepatan desentralisasi dan otonomi daerah menghadapi kendala antara lain: masih terbatasnya ketersediaan sumberdaya manusia yang berkualitas dan profesional; masih terbatasnya ketersediaan sumber-sumber pembiayaan yang memadai, baik yang berasal dari kemampuan daerah itu sendiri (internal) maupun sumber dana dari luar daerah (eksternal); belum tersusunnya kelembagaan yang efektif; belum terbangunnya sistem dan regulasi yang jelas dan tegas; kurangnya kreativitas dan partisipasi masyarakat secara lebih kritis dan rasional. Belum optimalnya proses desentralisasi dan otonomi daerah antara lain karena belum jelasnya kewenangan antara pemerintah dan pemerintah daerah yang berakibat pada tumpang tindihnya kebijakan pusat dan daerah; masih rendahnya kapasitas pemerintah daerah; masih rendahnya kerjasama antar daerah dalam penyediaan pelayanan publik; serta meningkatnya keinginan untuk membentuk daerah otonom baru yang belum sesuai dengan tujuannya.
Permasalahan dan tantangan pembangunan diatas menjadi dasar penentuan agenda, sasaran serta program pembangunan dalam tiga (3) tahun ke depan. | Translation - English
The past economic development has brought about various significant advancements although, in the same time, results in various problems that are urgent to solve. Focus of the past development in achieving a high economic growth rate has resulted in increased percaput incomes, reduced poverty and unemployment levels, and improved human life quality, in a general term. Nevertheless, the economic development focusing on increasing of national production was not followed with institutional development and strengthening, both public and market institutions, especially of financing institutions that should function to allocate sources efficiently and wisely. Results of the development have given negative impacts with regard to gaps among income groups, regions, and community groups.
The regional gap issue includes, among others, gaps between Java vs. outer islands, Western vs. Eastern Regions of Indonesia, and urban vs. rural areas. With regard to the first two contexts, the gaps have resulted directly in the rising local enthusiasm that, in extreme cases, it appears in separatism efforts. On the other hand, the third context (a gap between areas vs. rural areas) was caused by investments (in infrastructure facilities and institutions) that tended to concentrate in urban areas. As a result, urban areas grow faster than rural areas making the rural areas relatively less developed.
The less-developed rural areas was also caused by low productivity and quality of farmers and agriculture, limited farmers’ access to financing sources, and low quality and quantity of agricultural and rural infrastructure facilities. As a result, welfare of rural people (particularly of farmers) contributing approximately sixty percent of Indonesia’s population is low. It is reflected in numbers of unemployed and poor population in rural areas that are higher than those in urban areas.
Acceleration of decentralization and local autonomy meets constraints of among others: limited qualified, professional human resources; limited adequate number of financing sources, both from local capacity (internally) and externally; ineffective institutions; unclear, non-strict systems and regulations; lack of people’s creativity and more critical, rational participation. The lack of optimal decentralization and local autonomy is caused by among others: unclear limits of authority between national and local governments causing overlapped national and local policies; lack of local governments’ capacity; lack of cooperation among local governments in providing public services; and rising desire to form new autonomous local governments that are not fitting the goal.
Problems and challenges as mentioned above become as a basis for deciding development agenda, targets, and programs within the next three years. |
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Translation/localization, editing, proofreading, and interpretation
Specialization
Company profiles, corporate annual reports, project reports, journals, contracts/agreements, regulations, presentation materials, training modules, manuals, guidelines on projects or programs, strategic/business plans, project proposals/tender documents, workshop proceedings/minutes of meeting, Curricula Vitae, business letters, brochures, articles, web contents, connotation check on potential brand names
Subject areas:
e-commerce, law (general, contracts, patents), business/commerce/finance, advertising/public relations, marketing/market research, economics, management, human resources, technical/engineering, social sciences, environment/ecology, agriculture, tourism & travel , government/politics, and general sciences
Key qualifications:
- Certified by the University of Indonesia, Jakarta
- A member of the Association of Indonesian Translators (HPI), membership no. HPI-01-09-189
- 28-year experience as a translator/editor
- Translated documents from among others, UNESCAP, USAID, CIFOR, RRI, IOM, GTZ, ADB, World Bank, and JICA
- Interpreting in workshops, seminar, training, meetings, and interviews
- 30-year experience as a consultant in government and private companies, including foreign-funded projects such as the World Bank, ADB, OECF/JBIC, JICA, and CIDA
- Official freelance editor cum translator (under annual contracts) in three worldwide organizations, including one of the UN organizations
Training:
Attended many training courses and workshops/seminar that are useful in translation, e.g.:
▪ Training on Consecutive Interpretation, HPI, Jakarta, 22-23 October 2011 (2 days). Certified.
▪ Training on TRADOS as a Computer-Aided Translation Tool, HPI, Jakarta, 21 May 2011 (1 day). Certified.
▪ Seminar on Book Translation, HPI, Jakarta, 16 April 2011 (1 day).
▪ Workshop on Interpretation, HPI, Jakarta, 19 February 2011 (1 day).
▪ Training on WORDFAST as a Computer-Aided Translation Tool, Bahtera, Jakarta, 18 April 2010 (1 day). Certified.
▪ Training on Article and Book Writing, Gema Insani Press, Depok, 10 May 2008 (1 day). Certified.
▪ Training on “Strengthening of Participatory Planning”, Development Planning Board (Bappeda) of Depok City, Perform Project - Good Governance Innovation Forum, Depok, 8-9 April 2003 (2 days). Certified.
▪ Course for “Lead Consultants of ISO-9000”, Ministry of Industries & Trades - PT Prima Inti Mutu Andalan, Jakarta, 1998 (1 month). Certified.
▪ Course on “Environmental Impact Assessment” (Type A), Indonesian Consultants' Association, Jakarta, 1993 (2 weeks). Certified.
▪ Training on “Cooperatives”, Cooperative Office of Bogor City, Bogor, 1984 (1 month). Certified.
▪ Training on “Project Evaluation (Financial and Economic Analyses)”, Center for Agribusiness Development, Jakarta, 1981 (1 month).
Types of clients
International agencies, consulting firms, ministries/government agencies, private companies, individuals, and translation agencies
Countries of clients: Indonesia, USA, Canada, Brazil, UK, Germany, Spain, Belgium, Netherlands, Poland, Russia, Australia, India, Hong Kong.
Website: http://wsuroso-translation.webs.com/
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