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|  Zhi Huang
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| | Visa, Check, Money order, Wire transfer | Sample translations submitted: 11 Chinese to English: 生物能源：农业增效“第三战场”
General field: Science
Detailed field: Architecture | Source text - Chinese
国家发改委工业司司长刘铁男今天表示，我国发展生物能源、生物化工产品，有巨大潜力和战略机遇。必须尽快建立完善一系列符合国情的政策支持和技术标准，集中力量瞄准最紧迫的领域。
据介绍，生物质能源是植物通过光合作用而固定于地球上的太阳能，通过生物质能转换技术可以高效地利用生物质能源，生产各种清洁燃料替代矿物燃料，以减少人类对矿物能源的依赖，保护国家能源资源，减轻能源消费对环境造成的污染。
近些年来，在石化能源渐趋枯竭和对保护环境的追求中，人们将目光聚焦到了可再生的清洁能源以及能源的多元化上，生物质能源成为一个新的亮点。
在欧美等发达国家，生物质产业已作为一项国家战略推进。许多国家政府正在大力支持和鼓励生物质能源领域的技术创新，减少它与传统原油及天然气产品的价格差距，以最终达到替代的结果。这将是我继传统农业由初级农产品生产向农产品加工业领域拓展之后，为农业增效开辟的第三战场。
| Translation - English
Bioenergy: the Third Battlefield of Agriculture Synergy
Liu Tienan, Chief of Industries Division, National Development and Reform Commission, said today that there is huge potential and strategic opportunity for China to develop bioenergy and biochemical products. We must establish and improve a series of policies and technical standards which conform to China’s realities as soon as possible, with a focus aiming at the most urgent area.
It is introduced that biological energy is a kind of solar energy settled on the earth by plants through photosynthesis. Through the technology of bioenergy transformation can bioenergy resources be highly-efficiently utilised to produce all kinds of clean fuel to replace mineral fuel with the purpose of reducing the dependence on mineral fuel, protecting national energy resources and alleviating the environmental pollution of energy consumption.
With the gradual exhaustion of petrochemical resources and the pursuit of environmental protection in recent years, people start to focus on renewable clean energy and the diversity of energy, which results in bioenergy becoming a new focus of attention.
The industry of biology has been advanced as a national strategy in some developed western countries. Many governments are making great efforts to support and encourage the technical innovation in the field of bioenergy. They are also reducing its price gap with traditional crude oil and natural gas products in order for ultimate substitution. This is going to be the third battlefield opened up for agriculture synergy after the expansion of China’s traditional agriculture from primary agricultural production to produce processing industry.
| | English to Chinese: How the Picture Changes | Source text - English
My wife and I first met in a supermarket --- and fell in like at once. I saw an angel. She saw a knight. In the weeks and months that followed, it became obvious that we were a perfect match.
We each put our best foot forward. I wrote her poetry, bought her flowers, and gave her such tenderness that I surprised even me. She laughed at my jokes, shed tears of joy, and whispered sweet nothings in my ear for hours. Whatever she liked I suddenly liked. Whatever I wanted, she wanted too. She pretended to enjoy my jokes and my driving. I pretended to enjoy holding hands and window-shopping. Nothing was too much trouble. We were meant to be together.
Then we came home from our honeymoon. As kissing gave way to the real business of living, we began to find out who we’d really married.
She discovered that Mr. “Fun Guy” was also Mr. “Totally disorganized” --- late for everything, and an expert at forgetting names, faces, birthdays and wedding anniversaries (especially hers). He liked eating sausages and meat pies –yuk!
He discovered that Miss “Make-your-Heart–Melt” was also Mrs. “Nervous Nelly” – an uptight stickler for detail, with a tendency to nag (especially in the car). She liked eating mushrooms and mussels – yuk!
She discovered that he was hopeless with money. He discovered that crowds gave her the creeps. She discovered that his tenderness could change to clumsiness sometimes. He discovered that she needed at least 16 hours sleep each night and was usually too tired to whisper sweet nothings in anyone’s ear.
So much for birds of a feather! We didn’t know back then that this was normal --- that most couples make the same discovery, somewhere between getting married and growing-up.
We didn’t know back then that this was good –that those interesting and frustrating differences are really the spice of life and one of God’s best ideas.
I’m still a part-time failure when it comes to understanding her moods and mannerism, her strengths and not-so-strengths. My faults still give her headaches.
But guess what? Twenty-five years after the meeting in the supermarket, I’ve come to love mushrooms and mussels! She ate a pie the other day and confessed that it was good.
| Translation - Chinese
婚前婚后
我和妻子的第一次见面是在一家超市，我们一见钟情。我仿佛看到了一位天使，她则看到了她的白马王子。在接下来的一段日子里, 我们已俨然是天作之合。
我们都把自己好的一面展现给对方。我写诗给她，买花送她，对她的温柔呵护连我自己都觉得惊奇。她则会随着我说的笑话而开怀大笑或喜极而泣，并在我的耳边长时间地呢喃细语，诉说着甜蜜的琐事。无论她喜欢什么，我马上就会爱她所爱。不管我想要什么，她也会要我所要。她假装很欣赏我说的笑话和我的车技，而我也假装喜欢与她手牵手地逛街。一切顺理成章，我俩是有情人终成眷属。
度完蜜月，我们回到了家。当热吻让位于现实生活中的琐事时，我们才开始发现彼此是和什么样的人结了婚。
她发现“快乐小伙计”先生同时又是“杂乱无章”先生——做任何事都会迟到，而且还是个“遗忘专家”，经常忘记别人的名字、面孔、生日和结婚纪念日（尤其是她的）。他还喜爱吃香肠和肉馅饼，真讨厌！
他发现“令人心醉”小姐也成了“神经质的傻瓜”太太，一个心情焦躁，过分纠缠于细节，并且喜欢喋喋不休（尤其在车里）的人。她还偏好吃蘑菇和贻贝，特可恶！
她发现他在理财方面不可救药。他也发现拥挤的人群令她毛骨悚然。她发现他的温柔体贴有时笨拙不堪。他也发现她每晚至少要睡16个小时，还通常因为太困了而不会再在任何人的耳边呢喃细语。
什么志趣相投的鬼话，够了！那时我们并不知道这不过是很普通的现象。大部分夫妻都会在结婚以后，真正成熟之前的某个时刻发会有同样的发现。
我们那时也并不知道这是件好事――那些有趣但又恼人的差异其实正是生活的调味品，是上帝绝妙的主意之一。
有时我还是无法理解她的心情和习性，长处和不足。我的缺点也常常让她头疼。
但是你猜怎么着？超市邂逅的25年后，我渐渐喜欢上了蘑菇和贻贝，而她最近也品尝了一块馅饼，竟然承认味道不错。
| English to Chinese: Agreement (Contract)
General field: Law/Patents
Detailed field: Law: Contract(s) | Source text - English
6. TAXES
6.1. Subject to Clauses 6.2 and 6.3 below, each party shall be responsible for its own tax liabilities arising from this agreement.
6.2. All payments to be made by BUAP to Macquarie under this Agreement (including Macquarie share of fees as set out in Schedule 1) shall be made by BUAP to Macquarie free of any restriction or condition or any withholding deduction or set-off whatsoever.
6.3. If any deductions or withholdings is or becomes required to be paid or made on account of any form of tax or otherwise from any amounts payable or paid by BUAP to Macquarie under this Agreement, BUAP shall:
(a) notify Macquarie in writing with evidential support and documents from the BUAP Tax Administration Service of such requirement;
(b) pay such tax to the relevant authority before the date on which interest or penalties attach thereto in BUAP’s name if the liability to pay is imposed on BUAP as an agent of Macquarie or otherwise on behalf of and in the name of Macquarie;
（c）increase the sums payable to Macquarie to the extent necessary to ensure that Macquarie receives and retains by the due date free from any liability a net amount equal to the full amount which it would have received and retained had there been no such deduction or withholding; and
（d）within fourteen (14) days after paying any sum for which there is a requirement to make any deduction or withholding deliver to Macquarie evidence satisfactory to Macquarie of such payment to the relevant authority.
7. APPROVALS/LICENCES
7.l. BUAP agrees and warrants that it will apply for, maintain and be responsible for during the term of this Agreement appropriate registration, permits, licences, consents and/or approvals to conduct the Program and confer the awards as required by relevant governing authorities in BUAP and BUAP shall bear any costs arising from carrying out its obligations under this paragraph. Macquarie will provide support or co-operation as required by BUAP in carrying out those obligations.
7.2. Responsibility for obtaining required Australian permits, licences, consents and/or approvals to enable the Program to be conducted and delivered in the manner set out herein, rests with Macquarie and Macquarie shall bear any costs arising from carrying out its obligations under this paragraph. BUAP will provide support or co-operation as required to Macquarie in carrying out those obligations.
8. QUALITY ASSURANCE
In order to maintain the academic and administrative standards of the Program necessary to satisfy Macquarie’s obligations under Australian Law and Regulations, the parties will collaborate to implement a quality assurance review process, the details of which are contained in Schedule 2.
9. RELATIONSHIP
9.1 Each party is not and agrees not to claim or imply that it is a partner, employer, employee, principal or agent (except in BUAP discharging Macquarie’s liability to tax in BUAP) of the other and no such relationship may be construed or implied from the terms and conditions of this Agreement.
9.2 Except as may be permitted by this Agreement, BUAP shall not hold itself out as having any relationship with Macquarie other than as may be comprised by this Agreement and any holding out by BUAP in that regard shall cease immediately upon the expiration or earlier termination of this Agreement.
10. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND CONFIDENTIALITY
10.1 BUAP acknowledges that Macquarie is the owner or licensee of all Intellectual Property Rights in and relating to all teaching and learning materials.
Any reproduction of such Material by BUAP shall not constitute an infringement of the Intellectual Property Rights of Macquarie in relation to the said Material provided that the Material is exclusively used during the subsistence of this Agreement for the purposes of conducting and delivering the Programs under this Agreement.
Macquarie hereby warrants to BUAP that it is the owner or licensee of all Intellectual Property Rights to all such Material.
10.2 BUAP agrees that it will not, except for the purposes of discharging its obligations under this Agreement or with the written consent of Macquarie or as required by its obligations under the law, reveal, disclose or make public to any person or in any way use or deal with any Confidential Information of Macquarie and it shall keep confidential all such information.
10.3 Macquarie agrees that it will not, except for the purposes of this Agreement or with the written consent of BUAP or as required by its obligations under the law, reveal, disclose or make public to any person any Confidential information of BUAP relating to this Agreement, the Students, the Programs or the parties and it shall keep confidential all such information.
10.4 Any disclosure of Confidential Information by the BUAP to any third party will constitute a breach of this Agreement and Macquarie reserves its right to take all legal actions and claims against BUAP without giving BUAP any prior written notice.
11 ESOS ACT
BUAP agrees to comply, and to ensure to the extent its services are provided on behalf of Macquarie that Macquarie complies, with all requirements of the ESOS Act, the National Code and the AVCC Code. BUAP acknowledges receipt of a copy of the ESOS Act, the National Code and the AVCC Code from Macquarie.
12 NOTICES
Any notices or communications to be given or made under this Agreement shall be given or made in writing by letter, or facsimile to the other party at the address set out below and marked to the attention of the person whose name appears below or at such other address and marked to such other person’s attention as one party may have notified to the other party in writing in accordance with this provision. Any such notices or other communication shall be effective upon delivery provided, in the case of facsimile, the facsimile shall be deemed to have been received at the time of transmission (provided the sender receives a confirmation report). The contact details of Macquarie University and BUAP University are listed as follows :-
Macquarie University XX
Name: Name:
Professor John Loxton XXX
Deputy Vice Chancellor (Academic) XXXXX.
Address: Address:
Macquarie University BUAP
New South Wales 2109 XXXXX
Australia XXXXX
Telephone: (612) 9850 7442 Telephone 52–2222–29–55-00 Ext:
Facsimile: (612) 9850 9957 Facsimile: 52-2222-29-55-00 Ext: 5058
13 ASSIGNMENT
Neither party shall assign this Agreement or dispose of any right under this Agreement without the prior written consent of the other party, which consent must not be unreasonably withheld.
14. GOVERNING LAW
This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of New South Wales, Australia and the parties by their execution submit to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of the courts of that State.
15. VARIATION
No modification or variation to this Agreement shall be of any effect unless it is in writing and signed by the parties.
16. INDEMNITY
This indemnity is a continuing obligation separate and independent from other obligations and survives the termination of this Agreement.
As a separate covenant BUAP agrees with Macquarie that
16.1 Notwithstanding anything else contained in this Agreement, BUAP shall indemnify Macquarie against any liability, loss or damage (including any general, special, direct, indirect or consequential damage such as but not limited to loss of profits, loss of savings and loss of business goodwill) arising out of common law (whether in tort, including personal injury, negligence, or contract or otherwise) or under any statute by any action, claim or demand, (including the cost of defending or settling any such action, claim or demand) which may be instituted against Macquarie and arising out of any act or omission (including any negligent act or omission) of BUAP and its officers, agents, employees, consultants or sub-contractors or of any sub-contractor or any other person for whose acts or omissions BUAP has become liable and where such acts or omissions are a breach of the terms of this Agreement or generally at law.
16.2 BUAP shall indemnify Macquarie against all cost, damage, liability and loss (including any general, special, direct, indirect or consequential damage such as but not limited to loss of profits, loss of savings and loss of business goodwill) arising out of any act or omission (including any negligent act or omission) of BUAP by its officers, agents, employees, consultants, sub-contractors or Students and against all liability for any injury or death which may be suffered by any persons while carrying out their duties or exercising their rights pursuant to this Agreement and in respect of all loss or damage to any personal effects, except to the extent that the same may be attributable to the negligence of Macquarie or its agents, employees or contractors.
16.3 Without affecting the generality of the indemnities contained in this Clause, BUAP specifically indemnifies (on a full indemnity basis) Macquarie against any claim, demand or proceeding that may be made upon Macquarie in respect of any breach of the obligations of BUAP not to hold itself out as having any association or affiliation with Macquarie other than as specifically permitted by the terms of this Agreement.
16.4 BUAP shall indemnify Macquarie, its officers, agents, employees, consultants and sub-contractors from and against any liability, action, claim, loss or demand, including legal costs, arising out of the infringement or alleged infringement of Intellectual Property Rights used in connection with the purpose as contemplated in this Agreement.
16.5 BUAP hereby agrees that it will maintain at all times during the term of this Agreement voluntarily and at its own cost, or, as may be required by Law in BUAP, the mandatory Employee’s Compensation Insurance or other appropriate insurance cover in respect of all persons associated with the Program for all the above liabilities, actions, claim, losses, infringements, and legal costs arise out of or suffered by persons involved in the Program, including but not limited to any Students, agents, employees, contractors, staff of Macquarie and BUAP in association with the delivery of the Program.
| Translation - Chinese
6. 税款
6.1 在下述6.2及6.3条款规定下产生的税务责任由协议双方自负。
6.2 在本协议规定中所有由BUAP支付给麦考瑞大学的款项（包括附件1中所述麦考瑞大学份额），BUAP应在无限制、无条件、无克扣、无任何形式抵销的情况下付予麦考瑞大学。
6.3. 由于任何形式税款或由于本协议所规定BUAP对麦考瑞大学的任何应付或已支付款项而产生或将产生的任何必须的扣减或扣缴：
(a) BUAP应书面通知麦考瑞大学，并附墨西哥税务管理部门对此要求所开据的证明和相关文件；
(b) 若出现由于BUAP作为麦考瑞大学的代理或以代表麦考瑞大学的名义而产生强加于BUAP的税务责任，BUAP应在利息或罚款产生之前以BUAP的名义向有关部门支付这些税款；
(c) BUAP应在必要范围内增加支付给麦考瑞大学的款额，以确保麦考瑞大学在免于法律责任的限期内收到并保有的净款额与此类扣减或扣缴未产生时应收到并保有的总款额相当；且
(d) BUAP应在按要求向相关部门支付任何扣减或扣缴后十四（14）日内，向麦考瑞大学提供令其满意的证据以证明此支付款项。
7. 许可/执照
7. l BUAP同意并保证在本协议期限内，根据墨西哥相关管理部门的要求管理本课程以及授予学位所需注册、准许、执照、同意和/或许可等事项，并由BUAP申请、保有、负责并承担在履行本段中规定义务时产生的任何费用。麦考瑞大学应就义务履行提供BUAP所需支持与合作。
7.2 为使本课程能以本协议中所列方式开设与管理所需之澳大利亚方面的准许、执照、同意和/或许可，由麦考瑞大学负责获取，并由麦考瑞大学承担在履行本段中规定义务时产生的任何费用。BUAP将就义务履行提供麦考瑞大学所需的支持与合作。
8. 质量保证
为保持该课程教学与管理水平，使麦考瑞大学严格履行澳大利亚法律及法规所规定的义务，协议双方应合作实行质量保证审查步骤，详见附件2。
9. 协议双方关系
9.1 协议双方都不应，且同意不声明或暗示是任何第三方的合作伙伴、雇主、雇员、负责人或代理人（BUAP履行麦考瑞大学在墨西哥的赋税义务除外），此协议条款也不应明示或暗示这些关系。
9.2 除此协议允许范围外，BUAP除与麦考瑞大学有协议关系外，不能有其他任何关系，协议关系也会在该协议终止或提前终止后立即停止。
10．知识产权及保密
10.1 BUAP承认麦考瑞大学拥有所有教学材料的知识产权。
如在该协议有效期内，BUAP为了教授协议规定课程而需大量使用上文所提教学材料，则复制此材料之行为不应违反麦考瑞大学享有之知识产权。
麦考瑞大学应特此向BUAP说明其对所有材料享有知识产权。
10.2 BUAP 同意，除为履行协议规定义务，或有麦考瑞大学的书面同意，或法律规定义务外，BUAP都不应泄露、公布或向任何人公开，或以任何方式使用或处理任何麦考瑞大学的机密资料，并应对所有资料保密。
10.3 麦考瑞大学同意，除为履行协议规定义务，或有BUAP的书面同意，或法律规定义务外，麦考瑞大学不应泄露，公布或向任何人公开协议中任何有关BUAP的机密资料，以及学生、课程，或协议双方的机密资料，并会对所有资料保密。
10.4 若BUAP向第三方泄露任何机密资料，其行为将构成毁约；麦考瑞大学有权对BUAP采取任何法律行动以及要求索赔 ，不用事先书面通知BUAP。
11.《ESOS 法》
BUAP 同意遵守并保证其提供服务的前提是代表麦考瑞大学，且麦考瑞大学符合《ESOS法》、《国家准则》(…)及《AVCC准则》(…)的所有要求。BUAP承认收到麦考瑞大学提供的《ESOS法》、《国家准则》及《AVCC准则》复印件。
12. 通知
此协议内容或由此协议制定出的任何通知或联系方式应通过书信或传真方式寄达以下地址，并注明以下名字；或根据该条款，一方向另一方通知的前提下，寄到其他地址并注明相应人员的名字。任何通知及其他联系方式在递送方式许可的前提下是有效的，如果是传真，应确保该传真在传输时对方已接收到（前提是发送方收到确认报告）。麦考瑞大学及BUAP的联系方式如下：
麦考瑞大学
姓名：John Loxton
副校长（学术）
地址：澳大利亚新南威尔士州麦考瑞大学
邮编：2109
电话：612 98507442
传真：612 98509957
BUAP
姓名：Mtro. Enrique Aguera Ibanez
地址：
电话：52－2222－29－55－00转5011或5012
传真：52－2222－29－55－00 转5058
13.转让
未经对方书面同意，任何一方不得转让该协议或取消该协议任何规定权利。…
14. 应循法律
该协议应受澳大利亚新南威尔士州法律及其法庭权限的制约…。…
15 变更
任何对本协议的修改或变更，除出具经双方签字同意书面文件的，均属无效。
16 赔偿
本条款之规定赔偿义务与其它义务分离…，不受其它继续义务的制约，协议终止后仍有效。
作为单独协议，BUAP与麦考瑞大学同意：
16.1 除本协议其它内容外，对于由任何可能向麦考瑞大学提出的诉讼、索赔或要求（包括防御成本或处理这些诉讼、索赔或要求的成本）导致的基于普通法（不论是法律侵权，包括人身伤害，或失职、或合同法、或其它）或任何法令的责任、损失或损害（包括任何普通、特殊、直接、间接或重大损害，如利润损失、存款损失、商业信誉损失等），以及由于BUAP及其主管人员、代表、雇员、顾问或分包者，或BUAP须对其行为和疏忽负法律责任的任何分包者或其他人，因违反本协议条款或法律条款的行为或疏忽而导致的责任、损失或损害，BUAP应赔偿麦考瑞大学。
16.2 BUAP应对由于BUAP的主管人员、代表、雇员、顾问、分包者或学生的行为或疏忽（包括任何失职行为或疏忽）导致的所有成本、损害、责任和损失（包括任何普通、特殊、直接、间接或重大损害，如利润损失、存款损失、商业信誉损失等）赔偿麦考瑞大学；并对由于任何人在履行义务或行使权利过程中受伤或死亡，以及对任何私人物品的全部损失或损坏而造成的责任进行赔偿。若以上损害或损失等是由于麦考瑞大学或其代表、雇员或承包商失职所致，则BUAP不需赔偿。
16.3 在不影响本条款中有关赔偿的一般原则的前提下，任何因BUAP未能与麦考瑞大学就本协议明确规定条款之外事务进行联系或协商而违反其应尽义务，从而针对麦考瑞大学提出主张、要求或采取行动所产生的费用，BUAP应明确（全额）赔偿麦考瑞大学。
16.4 BUAP应就任何违反义务、行动、要求、损失或主张引起的，或因此结果而引起的索赔，包括由事实与非事实违反与本协议预期目的相关的知识产权引起的相关法律费用，对麦考瑞大学的工作人员、代理人、雇员、顾问及分包者进行赔偿。
16.5 BUAP据此同意在本协议有效期限内将本着自愿原则自担风险，或依照墨西哥法律要求为本项目所有相关人员保留强制雇员赔偿保险或其他合适保险项目，为由本项目所有相关人员（包括但不仅仅局限于与本项目有关的麦考瑞大学及BUAP的学生、代理人、雇员、承包人及工作人员）引起或受到的上述所有义务、行动、主张、损失、违反及相关法律费用提供保险。
| Chinese to English: Introduction to Wuxi, Hangzhou and Macau
General field: Other
Detailed field: Tourism & Travel | Source text - Chinese
无 锡
无锡市位于江苏省南部，长江三角洲平原腹地，北临长江，南濒太湖，东与苏州接壤，西与常州交界。无锡水陆空交通四通八达，是江苏省重要的交通枢纽。
无锡是我国著名的鱼米之乡，也是一座现代化工业城市,号称“小上海”。
无锡风景秀丽，历史悠久，又是一座享誉国内外的旅游城市。无锡地处太湖北端，是江南蒙蒙烟雨孕育出的一颗璀璨的太湖明珠。无锡以丰富而优越的自然风光和历史文化，跻身于全国十大旅游观光城市之列。
无锡温情诱人，你能不去寻觉她的神奇，领略她的钟秀，吮吸她的灵气吗？
无锡历史悠久，人杰地灵，经济繁荣，在文化上也充分展示了她瑰丽的特色。
无锡是人文荟萃之地。泰伯、范蠡、秦始皇、陆机、李白、陆羽、王安石、苏轼、文天祥、仉瓒、康熙帝、乾隆帝等历史名人均曾留下遗迹、诗文，为无锡增光添彩。
无锡还孕育了钱钟书、瞎子阿炳、刘天华、徐悲鸿、孙冶方等一批名声远扬的诗人、艺术家、学者、文豪。
无锡是江南文明的主要发祥地。 无锡凭借优越的自然条件，自古就形成了货物集散，商贾云集之地，明代，无锡的“布码头”已声名远播。清代，无锡米市的繁荣景象，被推为全国四大米市之首.据《汉书》等记载，周、秦时期，惠山东峰(即锡山）大产铅锡，居民竞相采挖。至汉朝锡矿殚竭，故名“无锡”。史称：“有锡兵，天下争；无锡宁，天下清”。
无锡的旅游资源在于太湖。太湖是我国第三大淡水湖，面积2425平方千米，湖中有大小岛屿48个，连同沿湖半岛山峰，共有72峰。太湖横跨江苏、浙江两省，作为旅游风景区，最精华的部分则在无锡。
无锡市概况
区号：0510
邮编：214000
位置：地处江苏省南部，长江三角洲中心地带，南临太湖，北依长江，京杭大运
河绕境而过，南接浙江省、安徽省，西邻常州市，东靠苏州市，西距南京
177公里，东距上海126公里，总面积4650平方公里，其中市区面积1931
平方公里。
人口：全市总人口518万。
区划：辖崇安、南长、北塘、新区、锡山、惠山、滨湖7区，以及江阴和宜兴2
个县级市。
市花：杜鹃花、梅花
市名由来：据《汉书》记载，周、秦期间，无锡境内锡山多锡矿，居民竞相开挖。
汉初时锡矿开尽了，故名“无锡”。
住宿
无锡旅游业发达，酒店业总体起步早，发展快，档次高，设施齐全。一些世界知名酒店在此开设分店，象喜来登等。上档次的酒店有： 无锡华宫大酒店、太湖饭店、花园酒店、湖滨饭店等。生活喜欢简朴的游客，您可以在安静的街道找到一些经济实惠的招待所。
绿波湾度假村位于马山主峰冠嶂峰东侧，毗邻灵山大佛，背山面湖，优雅清静，主楼为三星级宾馆，配上若干栋林间小别墅，还有网球场、健身房、歌舞厅、荷塘荡桨等活动设施，是一个享受阳光蓝天、涛声、清风的好去处。
美食
无锡饮食属“四大菜系八大帮”的苏菜系苏锡帮，口味偏甜。著名小吃有小笼蒸包、三凤桥酱排骨、清水油面筋等。无锡水产丰富。太湖“三白”：银鱼、白虾、白缌鱼为水中上品，白缌鱼骨少、无泥土味、入口细腻滑爽；秋季湖蟹，体壮黄肥，包你谗得合不拢嘴。
市内主要美食街有：公园路皇亭美食街、崇安市场夜排挡。
娱乐
无锡娱乐活动多种多样，无爱广场、中山路等地现代夜生活与其他开放城市同步发展，但无锡所有的舞厅有一条不成文的默契，大约午夜时分，有十分钟无灯光君子舞。三凤桥的灯光夜市，每晚吸引许多人。
欧洲城的歌舞、周末烟花夜景，唐城的富丽堂皇，三国城的周末古战场马术，成为无锡旅游新景点。
购物
无锡物产丰饶，水产丰富。太湖“三白”：银鱼、白虾、白缌鱼为水中上品，白缌鱼骨少、无泥土味、入口细腻滑爽；秋季湖蟹，体壮黄肥。
无锡惠山“大阿福”，憨憨墩墩，裂着嘴笑，笑得眼睛眯成一条缝，每个孩子看到都爱不释手，“惠山泥人”是您购物单上不能缺少的一项。
清慈禧太后曾大量使用淡水珍珠养颜，酷爱太湖珍珠并给予很高的评价。太湖珍珠不仅作为装饰品配戴，又可入药，还可口服。无锡第一百货商店、商业大厦的珍珠制品，从手饰到口服液、珍珠粉、珍珠膏和保健品、化妆品，总有一样让你动心。
无锡宜兴的紫砂壶，名扬天下，不用说你心中早已计划购买；太湖银鱼、三凤桥酱排骨、油面筋、水蜜桃等许多当地土特产也许已塞满你的包。
交通
外部交通
航空：无锡硕放机场位于市区东南20公里，有飞往北京、佛山（近广州）、惠阳
（近深圳）、昆明的航班，但班次少（附无锡硕放机场民航班期表），机型
小，因此乘飞机来往无锡，最好取道上海虹桥机场、浦东机场或南京禄口
机场。
无锡——上海虹桥机场高速专线（票价75元）
无锡7：00--16：00逢正点发车
虹桥10：30--19：30，每小时一班
无锡乘车地点：无锡市高墩桥南巷上210号社会客运中心29号
上海乘车地点：虹桥国际机场国内出口处
铁路：无锡是华东地区重要的铁路枢纽之一，沪宁铁路与即将建成的新长铁路在
此交汇，沪宁线上几乎所有的列车均停靠无锡，此外，无锡还有始发上海、
南京、杭州、宜昌、南宁、怀化的列车。
水运：无锡江南国旅湖滨码头每日17：30有游船发往杭州，次日7：30到抵达，
双人间114元/人，四人间82元/人。此外，京杭大运河航线苏锡常段、太
湖航线（无锡-湖州）均有游轮往返。
公路：无锡地处江苏省公路网的“十字路口”，沪宁、京沪高速公路在此交汇，
万里长江第一桥——江阴大桥沟通了江南与苏北各城市。无锡有3个长途
客运站。
无锡汽车站位于火车站西侧的通惠东路114号，走高速公路的快客多由该站发出，此外往江阴市各乡镇、常熟、张家港的中巴流水发车。
无锡客运总站位于火车站北面的广勤路18号，主要始发市郊各乡镇、苏北、南通、千岛湖、温州等地的普通客车。
无锡汽车西站位于梁清路7号，是往浙江、安徽方向的始发站。快客每天有5班发往上海、南京和南通，8班开往苏州，2班发往合肥，3班发往武汉。
内部交通
公交车：普通车单一票价1元，空调车单一票价2元，多为无人售票车。（附无
锡旅游常用公交线路一览）。
出租车：出租车8元/（3公里）起步价。
杭州
杭州位于浙江省东北部，离上海180余公里，是我国历史上著名的七大古都之一，是国务院确定的重点风景旅游城市和历史文化名城。
从秦朝设县治以来，杭州已有2200多年的历史，五代吴越和南宋王朝都曾在杭州定都。
杭州历来以风景秀丽著称于世，有“人间天堂”之誉，拥有著名的西湖和富春江--新安江(千岛湖)两个紧密相连的国家级风景名胜区及世界奇观钱潮、京杭大运河、国家级自然保护区西天目山等名胜景区，并且毗邻世界著名山岳名胜黄山、历史文化名城绍兴，贯通普陀山、宁波、奉化溪口、雁荡山、天台山等著名风景区，成为人们理想的游憩之地和观光中转之地。
杭州不但风景如画，而且人文荟萃，科技文化发达。西湖四周拥有许多著名石窟造像、碑刻、古建筑，都是我国珍贵的艺术瑰宝，历代名人在杭州留下了丰富的历史遗迹和诗书绘画，杭州还孕育了我国古代四大发明之一的活字印刷术发明者毕升和我国杰出的科学家、《梦溪笔谈》作者沈括等伟大人物。
意大利著名旅行家马可·波罗赞叹杭州为“世界上最美丽的华贵之城”。可以说，杭州不仅是中国的，还是世界的。
杭州概况
区号：0571
邮编：310000
位置：位于中国东南沿海，浙江省北部，钱塘江下游北岸，京杭大运河南端。全
市总面积16596平方公里，其中市区面积3068平方公里。
人口：全市总人口612万，其中市区人口372万，有汉、回、满等民族。
区划：辖上城、下城、拱墅、江干、西湖、滨江、萧山、余杭8个区，富阳、建
德、临安3个县级市，桐庐、淳安2个县。
市树：香樟
市花：桂花
住宿
杭州作为享誉海内外的国际旅游城市，旅馆服务业非常发达。有近百家风格各异、设施齐全的宾馆，各类小型旅店也有很多。
香格里拉饭店、五洲大酒店、雷迪森酒店都是著名的五星级宾馆，东方龙大酒店、望湖宾馆、黄龙饭店是四星级的知名代表，还有三星级的花港饭店、华侨饭店、海外宾馆、友好饭店等。
近年来，杭州的私人旅馆如雨后春笋遍布全市，价格低廉，服务周到，且大多干净整洁，是普通游客的首选之处。
美食
时下，杭州菜以它的质优价廉风靡江南。杭州菜属中国八大菜系之浙菜，“清爽别致”是杭州菜的最大特色。宋代大诗人苏东坡曾盛赞“天下酒宴之盛，未有如杭城也”，且有“闻香下马”的典故。
杭州的名菜举不胜举，最著名的有叫化鸡、东坡肉、宋嫂鱼羹、西湖醋鱼、龙井虾仁、西湖莼菜汤、油焖春笋等。东坡肉肥而不腻，叫化鸡香嫩爽口，西湖醋鱼鲜美可口，到杭州游览不可不尝。
杭州著名的菜馆有“老字号”的楼外楼、天外天、山外山等，初到杭州的你也许会冲着“楼外楼”慕名而去，但此处除了占尽西湖佳绝处外，实在不是明智的选择。你往往会因等上一个“叫化鸡”而苦苦等待一个多小时。另外一个叫化鸡88元，一盆龙井虾仁89元，一条西湖醋鱼58元的“天价”似乎有点令人咋舌。推荐你去“新生代”的红泥（延安南路149号）、新花中城（湖墅南路107号）、南肖埠的张生记和延安南路的金色阳光。环境、价格和服务似乎比那些“老字号”要好一些，不过最好提前预约。
娱乐
杭州的娱乐业较发达，各种娱乐场所如雨后春笋般冒出地面，新兴娱乐活动层出不穷。
少年宫广场边上有一个“花样年华”是新开的娱乐场所，黄龙体育中心的龙池温泉也是娱乐休闲的好去处 。每当到了夜晚，城内一片灯红酒绿，众多专业的夜总会、娱乐总会，以及杭州近百家宾馆，如杭州五洲大酒店、花园式度假酒店、杭州东方龙大酒店等配有的夜总会、桑拿、保龄球、游泳池、健康房、美容美发厅及网球场等综合设施也竞相开放。
之江国家旅游度假区内的“杭州未来世界”，是亚洲目前最大的室外主题公园，拥有全球最大屏幕的全息电影；西湖国际高尔夫俱乐部是杭州娱乐业时尚总汇，总面积4000亩，由两个不同风格的锦标级球场组成。
购物
南北走向的延安路和东西走向的解放路是杭州最繁华的商业街。著名商厦有：杭州大厦、杭州解百、百大集团和银泰百货等。
杭州有许多闻名遐迩的传统工艺品和土特产。您可以到延安路上的景德镇综合商店，环城西路上的文物商店，光复路上的工艺旅游产品商场，湖滨路上的土特产商店去走一遭，吴山路夜市，或许会有惊人的收获！
交通
外部交通
航空：2000年12月29日全新投入使用的杭州新国际机场位于萧山市瓜沥镇，
距市中心约30公里，走杭甬高速公路过钱江二桥在瓜沥出口下，或走钱
江三桥和机场高速公路前往，车程约40分钟，打的费用约110-120元。
在市中心武林门乘民航班车前往，单程票价20元/人，6：00-8：00，每小时一班，8：00--19：00，半小时一班。在武林门民航售票处还有通往上海虹桥机场的高速班车，每天从6：00--15：00，对开六班，票价85元。民航问讯电话：0571-85141010。
铁路：杭州是华东地区重要的铁路枢纽，沪杭、浙赣、萧甬、宣杭四条铁路在此
交汇。杭州站，当地人俗称城站，以始发车为主，有直达北京、上海、南
京、无锡、齐齐哈尔、济南、太原、大同、广州、贵阳、重庆、汉口、南
昌、厦门、郑州、宝鸡、宁波、温州、江山等地的旅客列车。其中，杭州
和上海南站间每天有5列空调旅游列车往返，行程177公里，票价仅需
29元。
公路：杭州是浙江省公路网中心，有东、西、南、北四个方向的长途汽车客运站。
水运：京杭大运河杭州到苏州、无锡有客运航线往返，在武林门码头上船，17：
30发往苏州，次日7：00到抵达，18：00发往无锡，次日8：00抵达，
夜宿船上，可省却一夜旅馆费，次日可观运河日出和水乡晨曦。无锡和苏
州返航时间均为17：30。
内部交通
公交车：杭州市区编号为一、两位数（如：7路、16路）的公共汽车和“1”开
头的电车（如：153路），单一票价1元，“K”开头的是空调车，单一票
价2元。（只有K16路空调车票价是1元）。“3”开头的郊区车和“5”开
头的专线车实行多级票价（普通车一般1元起价，空调车2元起价），“游”
字头的旅游专线车全部是空调车，零售票2元/次，联票10元/张，可坐
6次。假日游览专线车仅在双休日和国定节假日开行。杭州公交的营运时
间一般为旅游专线车、郊区车6：00-18：00，市区车5：00-22：00，营
运时间超过22：00的线路有151、152、155、K56、K3、K8等，营运至
23：00，甚至23：45。通宵车有8路（鼓楼-德胜新村）、228路（火车东
站-武林门）和251路（火车站-拱震桥），每隔30分钟发一班车。
出租车：杭州出租车起步价10元（4公里）每公里单价2元，超8公里每公里
单价2.4元。路近的可乘人力三轮车（起步价5元）。
浙西大峡谷
浙西大峡谷被誉为“华东第一旅游峡谷”，又有“浙西神农架”之称。峡谷位于浙江安徽交界的清凉峰国家级自然保护区内。浙西大峡谷内山高水急，山是黄山山系的余脉，水为钱塘江水系的源流。环带状的狭谷全长83公里，沿途花木遍地，地貌奇特，奇峰秀石“生长”在落差悬殊的峡谷两旁悬崖，有“白马岩中出，黄牛壁上耕”之誉，与长江三峡相比，自有不同诗情画意的领略。
浙西大峡谷由多处景点组成，各具特色，现在开放第一景段“龙井峡”，全长18公里，开端鸬鹚潭，灵气扑人，姿态悠闲；再进去是柘林瀑，瀑布清流激湍，似银河从侧峰飞泻；剑门关则由松涛、水瀑、山、石、水、潭相结合，涛声如雷，蔚为壮观，夏季水量丰富，气势更为磅礴，若坐皮筏冲过激流险滩，刺激自不待言；两旁栈道曲桥，最是赏心悦目；八仙潭水流谷底，岩立两壁，有仙人下棋石、仙人脚印、妞妞脚印潭等美丽的传说。石景由两岸岩壁幻化而成，有“将军峰”、“曹国舅迎宾”、“断尾鱼”、“船头石”、“蒋介石”等，俱维妙维肖，令人叹绝！
浙西大峡谷另一别致景观是“白云深处有人家”，附近山民都把住处建在千米的山腰以上，晨昏雾霭，白云飘飘，仿似仙家居处，令人神往。
除自然景观之外，峡谷内尚有很多千古生态之谜，难以破译，如：吊水岩景区的石炮楼，巨石如何垒起，抑或纯是自然界的神刀妙斧所削？咚咚石的声音是怎样发出的，鹅卵石为何越来越小？九岭天书内容如何？都能激起游人兴趣，揽胜之余，不禁赞叹造物者的鬼斧神工。
千岛湖风景区
位于浙江省淳安县境内的千岛湖，是1959年建造我国第一座自行设计、自制设备的大型水力发电站——新安江水力发电站而拦坝蓄水形成的人工湖。
千岛湖景区总面积982平方公里，其中湖区面积573平方公里，湖区拥有大小岛屿1078座，故称千岛湖。千岛湖东接杭州，西连黄山，是“杭州——千岛湖——黄山”这条名山名水之旅上的一颗璀璨明珠。
千岛湖景区有着秀丽的山水风光，岛上森林覆盖率达93％，有植物种类1800余种，野生动物2100余种。湖区岛屿星罗棋布，姿态各异，聚散有致。周围半岛纵横，峰峦耸峙，水面分割千姿百态，宛如迷宫，并以其山青、水秀、洞奇、石怪而被誉为“千岛碧水画中游”。千岛湖以其独特的成因和优越的地理条件造就了群山叠翠、湖光潋滟、湖水澄碧的优美自然景观。
澳门
澳门以前是个小渔村。
澳门的名字源於渔民非常敬仰的中国女神天后，又名娘妈。根据传说，一艘渔船在一个天气晴朗，风平浪静的日子里航行，突然刮起狂风雷暴，渔民们处於危急关头。这时，一位少女站了起来，下令风暴停止。风竟然停止了，大海也恢复了平静，渔船平安到达海镜港。上岸後，少女朝妈阁山走去，忽一轮光环照耀，少女化做一缕青烟。後来，人们在她登岸的地方建了一座庙宇供奉这位娘妈。
十六世纪中叶，第一批葡萄牙人抵澳时，询问居民当地的名称，居民误以为指庙宇，答称"妈阁"。葡萄牙人以其音译成"MACAU"，成为澳门葡文名称的由来。
在後来的四百多年时间里，东西文化一直在此地相互交融，留下了许多历史文化遗产，使澳门成为一个独特的城市。
澳门自1999年回归後，成为中华人民共和国的一个特别行政区，依据澳门基本法实行高度自治。在"一国两制"政策的指引下，澳门的社会和经济方面的特色会予以保留并得以延续。
澳门的面积很小（25.8平方千米），是世界上人口最稠密的地方之一，也是亚洲人均收入比较高的地区。
澳门是一个国际化的都市，几百年来，一直是中西文化融和共存的地方。
澳门位於中国东南沿海的珠江三角洲，在东经113’ 35’ 北纬22’ 14’， 与东北偏东的香港相约六十公里。
澳门地区由澳门半岛、氹仔和路环两个离岛组成。总面积共25.8平方公里，其中澳门半岛8.5平方公里、氹仔6.2平方公里、路环7.6平方公里、路填海区3.5平方公里。
澳门半岛与氹仔之间由两条分别长2.5公里及4.5公里的澳氹大挢连接；氹仔和路环之间也有一条约2.2公里的路氹连贯公路相连。经澳门半岛最北面的关闸可到达中国珠海和中山市；经位於路氹城的莲花大挢可到达珠海的横琴岛。
目前，澳门人口约四十三万六千八百人，其中大部份居民住在澳门半岛，两个离岛人口较少。
澳门居民以华人为主占总人口的95%，葡国人及其他外国人只占5%左右。
澳门气候
澳门全年气候温和，平均气温约20℃(68oF)，全年温差变化在16℃(50oF)之间至25℃(77oF)之间；湿度较高，约75%至90%；全年降雨量约1,778毫米。
十月至十二月为澳门的秋季，是旅游的理想季节，气候温和，湿度低。冬季（一月至三月）虽较寒冷，但阳光普照；踏入四月，温度逐渐上升；五月至九月，天气炎热，有时有台风。当台风接近澳门，悬挂八号风球时，两座澳氹大挢、路氹公路会暂时封闭，往返港澳之间的船只和飞机航班会暂时取消。
夏季只需穿棉质轻便衣服或T恤；冬季天气较冷，应备羊毛衣物及外套；春秋两季晚间稍凉，宜穿毛线衫或夹克。
澳门经济
澳门六十年代前，经济十分弱小。自从七十年代初开始，澳门依靠工资低、地价廉，享有欧美市场的纺织品配额的优势，吸引香港工业资本前来投资，逐渐形成以纺织、电子玩具、塑料花等为主的出口加工业，并进而同旅游娱乐业、建筑房地产业、金融保险业一起，逐步成为澳门的四大经济支柱。从七十年代至八十年代初的１０多年中，澳门经济以年均超过两位数的速度递增，是亚洲地区发展较快的地区之一。１９９８年澳门本地生产总值达５９４亿元（澳门元，下同），人均约１８０００美元。对外贸易总额３２６亿元，其中进口额１７０亿元，出口１５６亿元。澳门政府１９９８年的财政收入１０７亿元，财政支出１０６亿元。外汇储备１９６亿元。目前旅游博彩业为澳门第一大产业，约占生产总值的４２％。在保护知识产权方面，澳门有商标法，正在考虑制订专利法。由于地理位置和历史的原因，澳门与香港的经济、文化联系一直都十分紧密，澳门依赖香港，香港也利用澳门。改革开放以来，澳门与内地的联系也越来越密切。由于回归，澳门经济的将越来越看好。目前在澳中资公司２００多家，多分布在金融、建筑、旅游和贸易等行业。
澳门旅游
澳门是一个适宜徒步游览的城市。地方虽小，却充满了万花筒般的诱惑，因此难免会有意无意地脱离既定的游览路线，然而，重回游览路线并不是件难事。
徒步游览的最佳出发点是澳门中心的广场议事亭前地，旅游局就座落在这里。旅游局提供有关澳门旅游的小册子，这些小册子详细介绍了徒步游览路线途中可观看的景点。
时间
澳门的时间比格林威治标准时间早八小时。
语言
中文和葡文是现行官方语言。居民日常沟通普遍使用广州话，但许多居民也能听懂普通话（国语）。英语在澳门也很通行，可在很多场合应用。
货币
澳门的官方货币单位是澳门币（PATACA）。纸币面额计有10元、20元、50元、100元、500元及1000元六种；硬币有1毫、2毫、5毫、1元、2元、5元和拾元七种。在澳门售卖的货品和所提供的服务收费一律以澳门币计算，但也可使用港币或其他流通货币。兑换率按市场浮动率厘定。1美元约兑换澳门币8元。港币100元约兑换澳门币103元。
银行、酒店或银号均提供兑换外币和旅游支票的服务，而且地点适中，十分方便。另外，澳门国际机场和葡京酒店内提供二十四小时兑换外币服务。本地或外地货币可自由进出境，数量不限。此外，信用卡可在澳门部份商店流通使用。
治安
澳门是治安良好之地，警察局及报案中心全日提供服务，市民可致电999报案；此外，亦设有两条全日为旅客服务的紧急热线，中国内地旅客可致电110，海外旅客可致电112 。
澳门博彩业
有悠久历史，跨越三个世纪，是澳门最古老的行业之一。博彩业不但是澳门的经济支柱，更令澳门有「东方蒙地卡罗」的称号。
2003 年，澳门的博彩业录得 295 亿澳门元（ 36.9 亿美元）的毛收入，约等于拉斯维加斯市博彩业收益（ 61 亿美元）的 60% ，缴纳的直接税逾 102 亿澳门元（ 12.8 亿美元）。2004年首三季，澳门的博彩业录得310亿澳门元38.8亿美元）的毛收入，约等于拉斯维加斯市博彩业收益50.7亿美元）的76%，缴纳的直接税逾110亿澳门元13.8亿美元）。
从专营到开放
自 1962 年起，澳门旅游娱乐有限公司取得博彩专营权，经数次续期，专营合约至 2001 年 12 月 31 日届满。根据合约规定，专营公司每年向政府缴付博彩税，税率经多年修订，至 2001 年为专营公司总收入的 31.8% 。在二十世纪 90 年代，政府约一半的年度收入来自博彩税，差不多占本地生产总值的三分之一。娱乐公司在专营时期的最后数年间，每年毛利都在 130 亿到 180 亿澳门元之间，而政府的博彩税收入则在 42 亿到 59 亿澳门元之间。
除娱乐场博彩外，澳门的博彩活动还包括赛马、赛狗、「白鸽票」彩票和近年兴起的「足球博彩」。
特区政府成立后，决定待博彩的专营权于 2001 年底期满后开放博彩业，藉此发展具竞争力的博彩业，为澳门居民创造更多就业机会，并且进一步巩固澳门作为区域内博彩中心的地位。
由于博彩业在澳门经济中扮演着重要的角色，特区政府在整个开放过程，包括成立研究博彩业发展的专责委员会、聘请顾问公司深入研究探讨，抑或制定相关的法律及行政法规、招标程序，皆以审慎、严谨的态度展开各项工作。
制定系列规范博彩业法规
立法会在 2001 年 8 月底正式通过 16/2001 号法律《娱乐场幸运博彩经营法律制度》。法律除明确界定娱乐场及幸运博彩的意义外，并就批给制度、条件及竞投工作等定出多项规定。
在通过《娱乐场幸运博彩经营法律制度》后，政府即着手制订一系列相关的行政法规，作为对法律的补充，并成立工作小组负责统筹有关工作。
2001 年 10 月 31 日，行政长官透过批示正式设立「娱乐场幸运博彩经营批给首次公开竞投委员会」，以统筹有关招标竞投程序的工作，并向行政长官就发出博彩经营牌照作出建议。委员会共有 8 名成员，由经济财政司司长谭伯源担任主席。
竞投招标工作于 11 月 2 日正式展开，设于博彩监察暨协调局的竞投委员会开始接受投资者索取资料及递交标书。博彩牌照竞投招标工作于 12 月 7 日结束，竞投委员会共收到 21 份标书。提交标书的公司所代表的资金分别来自本地、香港、美国及马来西亚等。
澳门城市
澳门半岛、氹仔离岛、路环离岛 | Translation - English
Wuxi
Wuxi is located in the southern part of Jiangsu Province and in the Yangtze River Delta hinterland, with Yangtze River to the north, Taihu Lake to the south, Suzhou city to its east and Changzhou city to its west. The city is an important traffic hub in Jiangsu Province linked by rail, road and air in all directions.
As a famous land of fish and rice, Wuxi is also renowned as “Little Shanghai” for its modern industries.
Wuxi is a world-famous tourist destination with beautiful landscapes and a long history. Located in the north of Taihu Lake, it is like a shining pearl bred by the fog and rain in Jiangnan (a region to the south of Yangtze River in China). Listed as one of the top ten tourist attraction cities in China, Wuxi has abundant and outstanding natural sceneries and historic cultures.
Wuxi is a tender and inviting city! You cannot help exploring its magic, beauty and talent.
As a time-honoured city with economic prosperity and a remarkable place producing outstanding personalities, Wuxi shows its magnificent cultural features substantially.
As a place with a gathering of talents, Wuxi is reflected credit on with remains, poetry and prose by many great names in history such as historians Tai Bo, Lu Ji, Lu Yu, and Ji Zan, writer Wang Anshi, politicians Fan Li and Wen Tianxiang, poets Li Bai and Su Shi, Emperors Qin Shi Huang, Kang Xi and Qianlong.
It is also the hometown to a variety of renowned poets, artists, scholars and writers such as Qian Zhongshu (writer), Xiazi Abing (artist), Liu Tianhua (artist), Xu Beihong (artist) and Sun Yefang (acholar).
Wuxi is the birthplace of Jiangnan Culture. With superior natural conditions, it has been a goods collecting and distributing centre and a gathering place for businessmen since ancient times. The fame of “The Wharf of Cloth” in Wuxi had been spread far and wide in the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). The prosperous rice market in Wuxi was regarded as the first at top among China’s four largest rice markets in the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). According to Han Shu, the History of the Former Han Dynasty, east Huishan Hill (Xishan Hill) was productive in Lead and Tin in the Zhou Period and the Qin Period. Local residents competed to mine until Tin became exhausted in the Han Dynasty. Then the city got its name “Wuxi” which means tinless, as the saying goes, “Mining tin leads to war over China (because in bronze era all weapons need tin); Without tin (tinless) will lead to peace over China.”
The main tourist attraction in Wuxi is Taihu Lake, the third largest freshwater lake in China with an area of 2,425 square metres. With 48 islands in it and 72 hills around it, Taihu Lake stretches over Jiangsu Province and Zhejiang Province with the finest part in Wuxi.
About Wuxi
Area Code: 0510
Postcode: 214000
Location: Wuxi is located in the south of Jiangsu Province, the centre of Yangtze River Delta, with Taihu Lake in the south, Yangtze River in the north, Beijing-Hangzhou Canal crossing the city, Zhejiang Province and Anhui Province to the south, Changzhou city to the west and Suzhou city to the east. It is 177 kilometres to Nanjing in the west and 126 kilometres to Shanghai in the east, with a total area of 4,650 square kilometres and a downtown area of 1,931 square kilometres.
Population: 5,180,000
Administrative Divisions: Wuxi has seven districts including Chong'an District, Nanchang District, Beitang District, Binhu District, Huishan District, Xishan District and Wuxi New District, and two county-level cities including Jiangyin City and Yixing City.
City Flower: azalea and plum blossom
Origin of the name Wuxi: According to Han Shu, the History of the Former Han Dynasty, east Huishan Hill (Xishan Hill) was productive in Lead and Tin in the Zhou Period and the Qin Period. Local residents competed to mine until Tin became exhausted in the Han Dynasty. Then the city got its name “Wuxi” which means tinless.
Accommodation
Tourism is well developed in Wuxi and the hotel industry develops at an early time and a fast pace with high quality and complete facilities. Some world famous hotels such as Sheraton have branches here. High quality hotels in Wuxi include Huagong Grand Hotel, Taihu Hotel, Garden Hotel and Hubing Hotel. If you prefer a simple life, you can always find some economical small hotels in quiet streets.
Lubowan Holiday Village, a beautiful and quiet place facing the lake with hills behind, lies in the east of Guanzhang Hill of Mashan Mountain, very near to the Giant Buddha of Lingshan. With a three-star hotel in the main building and several small villas in the village as well as facilities such as tennis courts, gyms and music bars and activities like rowing the boat in the lotus pool, it is a wonderful place to enjoy the sunshine, blue sky, rote and breeze.
Food
With a sweet taste, Wuxi food is categorized as Suxi flavour in Huaiyang Cuisine, one of the eight flavours in four major cuisines in China. The famous snacks in Wuxi include buns, spareribs sauce and oil gluten. Moreover, Wuxi has abundant aquatic products such as the “Three Whites” in Taihu Lake and autumn lake crabs. “Three whites” refers to silver fish, white prawns and white fish, which is top grade with little bone, no soil sapor and fine and smooth taste. Autumn lake crabs are full of roes and will make your mouth water.
The main gourmet streets in Wuxi are Huangting Gourmet Street at Garden Road and the Gourmet Street at Chong’an Market.
Entertainment
Various entertainment activities are available in Wuxi and the modern night life in Wu’ai Square and Zhongshan Road is keeping developing at the same pace with other cities. However, all bars in Wuxi have an unofficial rule which refers to the ten minutes decent dancing with lights off at midnight. The light market at Sanfengqiao attracts lots of people every night.
New tourist attractions in Wuxi include the dances at Europe City, fireworks and night view at weekends, the magnificence of Tang City and the weekend horsemanship at the ancient battleground in the City of Three Kingdoms.
Shopping
Wuxi has abundant resources and aquatic products such as the “Three Whites” in Taihu Lake and autumn lake crabs. “Three whites” refers to silver fish, white shrimp and white fish, which is top grade with little bone, no soil sapor and fine and smooth taste. Autumn lake crabs are full of roes.
“Big Afu” at Huishan Hill looks charmingly naïve whose smile wins children’s love. The clay figurine “Huishan Afu” is a necessity on your shopping list.
The Empress Dowager Cixi in Qing Dynasty used to maintain her skin with pearls in fresh water and have a very high opinion of the pearls in Taihu Lake. The pearls can be used as accessories and external and oral medicine. You will find your favourite pearl products ranging from accessories, cosmetics and health products to oral liquid tonic, pearl powder and pearl ointment.
The world famous ceramic teapots of Yixing must be the one on your shopping list. Moreover, your bags must be filled with local specialties like silver fish, spareribs sauce, oil gluten and honey peaches.
Public Transport
Intercity Transport
Air: Shuofang Airport, located in the southeast and 20 km to Wuxi downtown, has fewer flights to Beijing, Foshan (near Guangzhou), Huiyang (near Shenzhen) and Kunming and the planes are smaller. Therefore, tourists are recommended to come to Wuxi via Hongqiao Airport in Shanghai, Pudong Airport in Shanghai or Lukou Airport in Nanjing.
Wuxi – Hongqiao Airport in Shanghai special expressway line (RMB 75 yuan)
From Wuxi: 7:00 – 16:00 every hour
From Hongqiao: 10:30 – 19:30 every hour
Departure address from Wuxi: 29 passenger terminal complex, 210 Gaodunqiao Nanxiangshang, Wuxi
Departure address from Shanghai: Domestic Exit, Hongqiao International Airport, Shanghai
Railway: Wuxi is one of the most important junction railway stations in Huadong Area because it is the interchange of Shanghai-Nanjing Railway and the upcoming Xinchang Railway. It is also because almost all trains on the Shanghai-Nanjing line stop at Wuxi. Moreover, Wuxi is the starting station for trains to Shanghai, Nanjing, Hangzhou, Yichang, Nanning and Huaihua.
Water: Hubing Wharf of Wuxi Jiangnan Tourist Agency has cruises to Hangzhou departing at 17:30 daily with the arriving time 7:30 next morning. Cruises have double rooms (RMB 114 yuan per person) and rooms for four (RMB 82 yuan per person). In addition, cruises are available to and from Wuxi on the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal line with services to Suzhou, Changzhou and Huzhou.
Highway: Wuxi is located at the crossing of Jiangsu Highway Network and is the interchange of Huning Expressway and Jinghu Expressway. The first bridge – Jiangyin Bridge connects the cities in Jiangnan and North Jiangsu. There are three long distance passenger stations.
Wuxi Bus Station is located at 114 Tonghuidong Road west to Wuxi Railway Station and has fast buses via expressways and frequent buses to Jiangyin, Changshu and Zhangjiagang.
Wuxi Passenger terminal complex is located at 18 Guangqin Road north to the railway station and has starting buses to suburbs of Wuxi, North Jiangsu, Nantong, Qiandao Lake and Wenzhou.
Wuxi West Bus Station is located at 7 Liangqing Road and has starting buses to Zhejiang and Anhui Province. Moreover, 5 buses to Shanghai, Nanjing and Nantong, 8 to Suzhou, 2 to Hefei and 3 to Wuhan are available every day.
City Transport
Buses: one-man-operated normal buses charge RMB 1 yuan and air-conditioning buses charge RMB 2 yuan. (See the list of bus routes for tourists in Wuxi)
Taxis: The starting charge for taxis is RMB 8 yuan (3 km).
Hangzhou
Located in northeast of Zhejiang Province and more than 180 kilometres away from Shanghai, Hangzhou, a key tourism city and historic and cultural city granted by China’s State Council, is famous as one of the seven ancient capitals in the history of China.
From prefecture-county system in the Qin Dynasty (770-256BC), the history of Hangzhou has been up to more than 2200 years. Wuyue in Five Dynasties (907-960) and the Southern Song Dynasty (1127-1279) had chosen Hangzhou as their capitals.
Time honoured with beautiful scenery, Hangzhou is praised as a paradise on earth. Holding the West Lake and the Fuchun River- Thousand-island Lake, two connecting state-level scenic and historic interest areas, the Qiantang River, the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal and the National Nature Reserve West Tianmu Mountain, adjoining many famous scenic spots including the Mountain Huangshan, Shaoxing and linking Putuo Mountain, Ningbo, Xikou in Fenghua, Yandang Mountain and Tiantai Mountain, Hangzhou becomes an ideal leisure resort and transferring spot for tourists.
Hangzhou possesses not only picturesque scenery but also rich cultural heritages and developed science and technology. Famous carved rocks, tablet inscriptions and ancient buildings around West Lake are all precious treasure of China. Literary men of past dynasties left abundant historical remains, poetry and drawings. Hangzhou is also the hometown of Bi Shen, the inventor of movable-type printing, and famous scientist Shen Kuo, the author of Meng Xi Bi Tan.
Marco Polo, the famous Italian traveller, praised Hangzhou as the most beautiful luxurious city in the world. Hangzhou belongs not only to China but also to the world.
About Hangzhou
Area Code: 0571
Postcode: 310000
Location: Located in the southeast coast of China, the north of Zhejiang Province, the north bank of the lower Qiantang River and the south end of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal. Hangzhou has a total area of 16596 square kilometres including a downtown area of 3068 square kilometres.
Population: The total population is 6.12 million including Han, Hui and Manchu, with 3.72 million in city area.
Administrative Divisions: Hangzhou has eight districts including Shangcheng, Xiacheng, Gongshu, Jianggan, Xihu, Binjiang, Xiaoshan and Yuhang, three county-level cities including Fuyang, Jiande and Lin’an and two counties including Tonglu and Chun’an.
City tree: Camphor Tree
City flower: Osmanthus Flower
Accommodation
As an international tourist city, Hangzhou owns highly developed hospitality industry, including almost one hundred hotels with different styles and satisfactory facilities as well as various small-size hostels.
Hangzhou possesses a range of star-level hotels , in which Shengari-la Hotel, Continental Grand Hotel and Radisson Hotel are Five-star hotels, Eastern Dragon Hotel, Lakeview Hotel, and Dragon Restaurant are Four-star hotels, and Huagang Hotel, Overseas Chinese Hotel, and Friendship Hotel are Three-star hotels.
Recently, the private hotels with low price, satisfactory service have burgeoned. Thanks to the tidiness, they have become the first preference among general tourists.
Food
Hangzhou cuisine is famous in the area south of Yangtze River for its good quality and low price. As a branch of Zhejiang cuisine, Hangzhou cuisine features refreshing and unique taste. Therefore, Hangzhou cuisine won the praise as “the most abundant banquet” by poet Su Dongpo in the Song Dynasty (960-1127) and the allusion “Get off from Your Horseback to Find the Delicious”.
The famous dishes of Hangzhou cuisine can not be listed completely, such as Beggar Chicken, Pork Stew, Shredded Perch Soup with Ham and Ginger, West Lake Fish in Vinegar Sauce, Stir Fried Prawn with Dragon Well Tea, West Lake Water Shield Soup and Stewed Spring Bamboo Shoots. You should never miss fatty but not greasy Pork Stew, tasty and refreshing Beggar Chicken and refresh and delicious West Lake Fish in Vinegar Sauce.
Lou Wai Lou, Tian Wai Tian and Shan Wai Shan are three famous time-honoured restaurants. On arriving at Hangzhou, you may go to Lou Wai Lou Restaurant for its reputation. However, it may be not a reasonable choice, because you have to wait more than one hour for Beggar Chicken. Even worse, the dishes are expensive. Beggar Chicken costs you RMB 88 yuan, Stir Fried Prawn with Dragon Well Tea costs RMB 89 yuan and West Lake Fish in Vinegar Sauce costs RMB 58 yuan. Red Mud Restaurant (14 Yan’an South Road), Xin Hua Zhong Cheng (107 Hushu South Road), Zhang Sheng Ji in Nanxiaobu and Ji Se Yang Guang on Yan’an South Road are good choices with nice environment, reasonable price and satisfactory service. You’d better book seats for those restaurants in advance.
Entertainment
With developed entertainment industry, the entertainment places and recreational activities in Hangzhou have flourished all over the city. Hua Yang Nian Hua next to Children’s Palace is a newly-opened entertainment place and Long Chi Spa on Dragon Sports Centre is another leisure resort. Various entertainment resorts, nightclubs and clubs, spas, bowling, swimming pools, gyms, beauty and hair salons and tennis courts in hotels make colourful and bustle nights to Hangzhou.
Hangzhou Future World with the biggest screen holographic movie in the world in Hangzhou Zhijiang National Tourist Holliday Resort is the largest outdoor park in Asia currently. With two different styles of golf course constructed by international golf championship standards and 4000 mu in area, West Lake International Golf Club is a fashionable mark in entertainment industry of Hangzhou.
Shopping
Yan’an Road running from north to south and Jie Fang Road running from east to west are two busiest commercial streets in Hangzhou with many shopping malls, such as Hangzhou Tower, Hangzhou Jiebai, Hangzhou Baida Group and Hangzhou Intime.
In addition, some well-known traditional handicrafts and local products are available in Hangzhou. Your visits to Jingdezhen Comprehensive Shop on Yan’an Road, Cultural Relic Shop on West Road around the city, Tourist Products Store on GuangFu Road, Local Products Store on Hubin Road and the night market on Wushan Road must be highly rewarded.
Public Transport
Intercity Transport
Air: The new airport in use on Dec. 29, 2000 is located in Guali of Xiaoshan, about 30 kilometres away from Hangzhou city. The airport can be reached through Hangyong Expressway at the exit of Guali across the second Qianjiang Bridge or through Airport Expressway across the third Qianjiang Bridge. It takes around 40 minutes for driving and costs about RMB 110-120 yuan for taxi.
You can take the Airport Express Bus at Wulinmen with a single cost of RMB 20 yuan per person. The bus is available every one hour during 6am to 8am and every half hour during 8am to 7pm. The Express Bus to Hongqiao Airport of Shanghai is also available at the front civil aviation ticket office in Wulinmen. There are six buses running from both directions during 6am to 3pm everyday at the price of RMB 85 yuan. Call 0571-85141010 for more information.
Railway: Linking Huhang, Zhegan, Xiaoyong and Xuanhang four railways, Hangzhou is a crucial transport centre in east China. The trains to Beijing, Shanghai, Nanjing, Wuxi, Qiqiha’er, Jinan, Taiyuan, Datong, Guangzhou, Guiyang, Chongqing, Hankou, Nanchang, Xiamen, Zhengzhou, Baoji, Ningbo, Wenzhou, Jiangshan are available at Hangzhou Station, also called City Station, of which five air-conditioned tourist trains running a round trip between Hangzhou Station and Shanghai South Station with a distance of 177 kilometres at a price of RMB 29 yuan for single trip.
Highway: As the centre of the highway net of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou holds four bus stations running four directions.
Waterway: You can take ferries at Wulinmen Wharf to Suzhou and Wuxi through Beijing-Hangzhou Canal. The ferry to Suzhou leaves Hangzhou at 17:30 and arrives at Suzhou at 7am of the next morning. The ferry to Wuxi leaves Hangzhou at 18:00 and arrives at Wuxi at 8am of the next morning. Boarding on ferries saves your accommodation fee in a hotel and you can enjoy the sunrise on the canal and morning scenery along rivers. Both ferries return at 17:30.
City Transport
Bus: The ticket price of the city routes with one or two numbers (e.g. Route 7 or Route 16) and the trolleybus beginning with “1” (e.g. Route 153) is RMB 1 yuan. The ticket price of air-conditioned bus with “K” at the beginning is RMB 2 yuan (only K16 is RMB 1 yuan). Multistage Ticket Price system is applied for the suburban routes beginning with “3” and the special bus routes beginning with “5”. (The minimum price for the normal buses is RMB 1 yuan, and RMB 2 yuan for the air-conditioned buses). The routes beginning with “Y” are all air-conditioned at a price of RMB 2 yuan for a single trip ticket and RMB 10 yuan for six times tickets. The Holliday Tourist Special Bus Routes are only available at weekends and on public holidays. The operation hour for tourist special routes and suburban routes is 6:00-18:00 and for city routes is 5:00-22:00. Route 151,152,155, K56, K3, K8 are available till 23:00 and even till 23:45. Route 8 (Drum Tower-De Sheng Xin Cun), Route 228 (Hangzhou East Station-Wu Lin Men) and Route 251(Hangzhou Station-Gongzhen Bridge) operate all night with the frequency of every 30 minutes.
Taxi: The starting price of a taxi in Hangzhou is RMB 10 yuan within the first four kilometres and another RMB 2 yuan will be charged per following kilometre. The price increases to RMB 2.4 yuan per kilometre beyond 8 kilometres. Man-powered carts with the starting price of RMB 5 yuan is a good choice in short distance.
Zhexi Grand Canyon
Being praised as the best tourist canyon in east China and Shennongjia in west of Zhejiang, Zhexi Grand Canyon lies in Qingliang Mountain National Reserve on the border of Zhejiang Province and Anhui Province. Zhexi Grand Canyon features high mountains and strong current, in which the mountains are extensions of the Mountain Huangshan and the water the source of Qiantang River. In the 83 kilometres-long circular canyon, flowers and trees everywhere, unique land features and grotesque peaks and stones growing along the cliffs with a big drop are seen everywhere. Some rocks are like white horses coming out of the rocks and oxes working on the walls. Compared with Three Gorges, Zhexi Grand Canyon has another picturesque charm.
Zhexi Grand Canyon is formed by many scenic spots with different features. The first opened part is 18-kilometers-long Dragon Well Valley beginning with leisurely and carefree Cormorant Pool. Walk forward, you will see Zhelin Waterfall with the characteristic of clear torrential current and like Milky Way rushing down from the side peaks. Embracing pineries, waterfalls, hills, rocks, water and pools, Sword Mountain Pass is magnificent with thunderous current. With abundant volume of water, Sword Mountain Pass appears mightier in summers, so that you can take a breathtaking water rafting cross torrential current or appreciate the wooden brackets and winding bridges along the valley. With the current flowing down the bottom of the valley and cliffs standing on two sides, Eight Immortals Pool is famous for its fairy tales such as Immortals playing chess, footsteps of Immortals and a little fairy. In addition, you can appreciate vivid carved rocks along two sides including General Peak, Cao Guojiu (one of the Eight Immortals) Greeting Guests, Fish without Tail, Stone on the Bow of a Boat and the picture of Chiang Kai-shek.
The villagers built their dwellings on the mountainside of more than one kilometre high. You must be charmed with the beauty of the dwellings surrounded by mists and clouds.
Apart from natural landscapes, there are some ecological mysteries such as the stone blockhouse in Diaoshui Rocks. How was the giant rocks piled up? Were they formed naturally? Where does the sound of Rat-tat Rock come from? Why the cobbles become smaller? What is the content of Jiu Ling Tian Shu? All of them can provoke visitors’ curiosity and fill them with highly praise to Nature’s power.
Thousand-island Lake
Located in Chun’an of Zhejiang Province, Thousand-island Lake is a man-made lake due to the building of Xin’an River Hydropower Station in 1959, the first large-scale hydropower station designed and installed by China.
Thousand-island Lake is 982 square kilometres in area in which lake area occupies 573 square kilometres. Consisting of 1078 islands, the lake area is therefore called Thousand-island Lake. Connecting Hangzhou on the east and connecting Mountain Huangshan on the west, Thousand-island Lake is a bright pearl in the line from Hangzhou to Thousand-island Lake to Mountain Huangshan.
Thousand-island Lake has beautiful landscape scenery and its forest coverage reaches 93% with more than 1800 types of plants and more than 2100 types of wild animals. Islands with various forms spread all over the lake area. The peninsulas and the upward rocks above water make the lake area into a labyrinth. Thousand-island Lake won the reputation as a picture with one thousand islands and clear water thanks to the magic combination of hills, lakes, caves and rocks. The unique cause of formation and advantageous geographical condition contribute to beautiful and natural Thousand-island Lake with rolling hills, beautiful lake landscapes and clear water.
Macau
Macau used to be a fishing village.
The name Macau was derived from a Chinese goddess named Matsu who was respected and admired by fishermen. According to the legend, a furious storm suddenly attacked a sailing fish boat on a fair and smooth day, putting fishermen’s lives in danger. At that critical moment, a young lady stood up and ordered the storm to stop. To everyone’s surprise, the wind stopped, the sea resumed peace and the boat arrived at Sea Mirror Harbour safe and sound. Walking towards the “A-Ma-Gao” hill after landing, the young lady vanished as a mist in a dazzling light. A temple dedicated to Matsu was then built on where she landed.
In the middle of the 16th century, the first group of Portuguese settlers asked local people about the name of the place and got the answer of “A-Ma-Gao” because the local people thought they meant about the temple. According to the pronunciation, “MACAU” then became the place’s Portuguese name.
The mixing of the Chinese and western cultures for more than four hundred years has made Macau a unique city with a lot of historical and cultural heritages.
As a special administrative region of the People’s Republic of China after the handover in 1999, Macau operates with a high degree of autonomy under the Basic Law of Macau. Under the principle of “one country, two systems”, Macau maintains and continues its social and economic characteristics.
Being a small city of 25.8 square kilometres, Macau is one of the most densely populated regions and one Asian region with high revenue per capita.
Macau is an international city where the Chinese and western cultures have been mixing in harmony for several centuries.
At longitude 113°35 east and latitude22°14’ north, Macau lies in the Peal River Delta on the southeast coast of China, sixty kilometres away from Hong Kong on its northeast side.
Macau consists of the Macau Peninsula and the islands of Taipa and Coloana. Of the total area of 25.8 square kilometres, the Macau Peninsula, the Taipa Island, the Coloana Island and the Lutianhai Area respectively take up of 8.5, 6.2, 7.6 and 3.5 square kilometres.
Two Macau-Taipa Bridges of 2.5 and 4.5 kilometre-long respectively connect the Macau Peninsula and Taipa together. Taipa is also connected to Coloana by a 2.2 kilometre-long Estrada do Istmo. People can go to Zhuhai city and Zhongshan city in mainland China through the custom pass located in the very north of the Macau Peninsula and go to the Hengqin Island in Zhuhai through the Lotus Bridge in Cotai.
Currently, most of Macau’s 436,800 residents live in the Macau Peninsula, leaving a small number of people in the two islands.
The population in Macau consists of 95% Chinese and 5% from Portuguese and people from other countries.
Weather
Macau has a temperate climate, with an average temperature of 20℃(68°F), the highest temperature in a year being 16℃(50°F) and the lowest being 25℃(77°F). The humidity is high and between 75% and 90%. The average annual precipitation is approximately 1,778 millimetres.
With its mild temperature and low humidity, Macau’s autumn (October to December) is a great season for tourism. Winter (January to March) is relatively cold but sunny. The temperature gradually rises in April; it becomes hot with occasional typhoons between May and September. Upon the approach of typhoon and the issue of warning signal No.8, two Macau-Taipa Bridges and Estrada do Istmo will be temporarily closed, and ships and flights between Hong Kong and Macau will be temporarily cancelled.
Only light cotton clothes or T-shirts are needed in summer; woollen clothes and coats are required in cold winter; sweaters or jackets are suitable at cool nights in spring and autumn.
Economy
The economy of Macau was weak before the 1960s, but since the early 1970s, Macau has attracted industrial investment from Hong Kong with its advantages of low price of labour and land and textile product quotas in the European and American markets. The export and processing industry featuring textile, electronic toys and plastic flowers have gradually come into shape, together with tourism and entertainment industry, construction and real estate industry and financial insurance industry being the four chief economic sectors in Macau. The economy of Macau was increased by larger than two digits annually from the 1970s to the early 1980s, making Macau one of the fast-developing regions in Asia. In 1998, the GDP of Macau was 59.4 billion patacas and the GDP per capita was US$18, 000 dollars. Of the total value of foreign trade of 32.6 billion patacas, the import value was 17 billion patacas and the export value was 15.6 billion patacas. The fiscal revenue and expenditure of the Macau government in 1998 were 10.7 billion patacas and 10.6 billion patacas respectively, and the foreign exchange reserve was 19.6 billion patacas. The gambling-geared tourism has now become the biggest industry in Macau, accounting for 42% of its GDP. Trademark law has been established in Macau in terms of intellectual property protection, and the establishment of patent law is also under consideration. Macau and Hong Kong had been enjoying close economic and cultural relations as a result of their geographical locations and histories---- Macau depends on Hong Kong and Hong Kong can get benefits from Macau. The link between Macau and mainland China has been growing in closeness since the reform and opening up. The economy of Macau will keep growing as a result of the handover. Most of the 200 Chinese invested enterprises in Macau are distributed in the financial, architecture, tourism and trade industries.
Tourism
Macau is a city suitable for sightseeing on foot. Small but full of attractions, therefore sometimes tourists will intentionally or unintentionally escape the fixed route. However, it is always easy to get back to the original route.
Largo do Senado, in the middle of Macau, is the best starting point for walking sightseeing. Located in Largo do Senado, the Tourism Bureau provides tourists with pamphlets introducing in detail views in a walking sightseeing trip. These pamphlets have detailed introduction on views in an on foot sightseeing trip.
Time
The local time in Macau is eight hours ahead of the Greenwich Standard Time.
Language
Chinese and Portuguese are the official languages in Macau. People commonly use Cantonese for daily communication, but many people understand Mandarin. English is also popular and being used in many occasions.
Currency
Pataca is the official currency of Macau with issued banknotes of 10, 20, 50, 100, 500 and 1000 pataca and coins of 1 ho, 2 ho, 5ho, 1, 2, 5 and 10 pataca. The pataca serves as the medium of exchange for the transfer of goods and services in Macau, but the Hong Kong dollar and some other floating currencies can also be used. The exchange rates are determined by the floating rates in the market.
US$ 1 can be exchanged into approximately eight patacas, and HK$ 100 can be exchanged into 103 patacas.
It is very convenient to exchange currency and get a travel’s cheques at a proper place like a bank, hotel or private bank. In addition, the Macau International Airport and Hotel Lisboa provide foreign currency exchange services around the clock.
Local and foreign currencies all have access to free-floating at home or broad without limitations on the quantities. Besides, some stores in Macau also accept credit cards.
Public Security
The public security in Macau is of high quality, and the police office and case-reporting offices are in service all day. Citizens can report a case by dialling 999, and tourists can call two exclusive emergency hotlines by dialling 110 (for tourists from mainland) or 112 (for tourists from overseas).
Gambling
With a long history of over three centuries, gambling is one of the oldest industries in Macau. Being the pillar in Macau’s economy, gambling has earned the title of the “Monte Carlo of the Orient”.
In 2003, the gross revenue of the gambling industry in Macau was 29.5 billion patacas (US$ 3.69 billion), accounting for 60% (US$ 6.1 billion) of the gambling revenue in the city of Las Vegas and direct taxes being over 10.2 billion patacas (US$ 1.28 billion). The gross revenue for the first three quarters was 31 billion patacas (US$ 3.88 billion), accounting for 76% (US$ 5.07 billion) of the gambling revenue in Las Vegas and direct taxes being 11 billion patacas (US$ 1.38 billion).
From monopoly to opening up
After several renewals, the monopoly to Macau’s gambling industry which was obtained by the Sociedade de Turismo e Diversões de Macau in 1962 ended on December 31, 2001. The Sociedade de Turismo e Diversões de Macau had to pay the government gambling taxes each year according to the monopoly contract, and the tax rate after several revisions over the years was 31.8% of the total revenue of the company in 2001. In the 1990s, half the annual revenue of the government came from the gambling taxes, accounting almost 1/3 of the GDP. The annual gross revenue of the Sociedade de Turismo e Diversões de Macau over the last years of monopoly was between 13 billion and 18 billion patacas, and the gambling taxes for the government was between 4.2 billion and 5.9 billion patacas.
Besides in casinos, gambling activities in Macau also include gambling on horse-racings, dog racings, “white dove” lotteries and soccer betting which has become popular in recent years. After the establishment, the government of the Special Administrative Region decided to open up the gambling industry upon the ending of the monopoly at the end of 2001 for developing a competitive gambling industry to create more job opportunities for Macanese citizens and further securing Macau’s position of regional gambling centre.
Due to the fact that the gambling industry plays a crucial role in Macau’s economy, the government of the Special Administrative Region during the opening up was holding a cautious and rigorous attitude in carrying out all activities like establishing exclusive committee to study the development of the gambling industry, hiring consultant companies to explore the industry or developing relative laws and regulations and bids procedures.
Developing a set of rules regulating the gambling industry
The Legislative Council officially enacted the Law 16/2001 (regime jurídico da exploração de jogos de fortuna ou azar em casino) in the end of August 2001, making multiple regulations on approval systems, conditions and bidding in addition to clearly defining the definitions of casinos and lottery gambling.
After the enactment, the government then started to develop a set of relative administrative rules and regulations to be the supplement of the law and to set up a working group in charge of organizing relative activities.
The First Open Bid of Casino Lottery Gambling Operation and Approval Committee was officially set up with the Chief Executive’s instructions on October 31, 2001, organizing activities regarding tenders and bids as well as giving advice on the Chief Executive’s issuing gambling licenses. There are eight members in the committee, and the chairman is Tam Pak Yuen, Secretary of Secretariat for Economy and Finance.
The bidding activities were officially carried out on November 2, and the Bid Committee in the Gaming Inspection and Coordination Bureau started to hand out information materials to investors and collect bidding documents from them. The bidding on gambling licenses ended on December 7, and all together 21 bidding documents had been received. Capitals in the companies submitting bidding documents are from Macau, Hong Kong, the United States, Malaysia and other countries or regions.
| Chinese to English: Open Source Software and Business Software
General field: Tech/Engineering
Detailed field: Computers (general) | Source text - Chinese
自由軟體與商用軟體
對於稍稍接觸過自由軟體的人來說，商用軟體與自由軟體最具體的差異點恐怕不外「免費」兩個字。事實上，所謂自由軟體乃指所有人皆可自由使用、下載、修改及散佈的軟體，但「自由」並非完全等同「免費」。
就建置成本而言，自由軟體並非完全免費，不過在初始成本上的確會比商用軟體來得低廉。自由軟體仍會以建置或後續維護為理由，在產品設立所謂「服務成本」，而自由軟體商也不否認這是其營收的主要來源。畢竟自由軟體商也必須找到穩定的商業營收模式才能生存，並持續供應後續的服務。
在安全問題方面，由於兩造雙方在市場使用率的基準有著顯著的差異，若假設基準相同而硬做比較似乎也不太公平。換句話說，就自由軟體來說並非完全沒有安全顧慮；就商用軟體而言，安全問題也確是急待解決的事實。
總而言之，使用者或企業今後在軟體的建置上，不再只有一種選擇，也因為如此，企業客戶尤其必須對兩者間的優劣差異有基本的認識及了解。 | Translation - English
Open Source Software and Business Software
To those who know a little about Open Source Software (OSS), the most particular difference between Business Software and OSS is probably the word “free”. In fact, OSS refers to the software that anyone can freely use, download, modify and spread. However, “freely” does not completely mean “free”.
In terms of establishing cost, OSS is not completely free but cheaper than Business Software indeed. OSS still sets “service cost” with the excuse of establishment or follow-up maintenance, and OSS businessmen do not deny that it is the main source of their income. After all, only by finding stable marketing patterns can they survive and continue their follow-up services.
In terms of security, it seems unfair to compare OSS and Business Software on the assumption of the same standards because they have remarkable differences in the standards of the utilisation rate in the markets. In other words, it is not the case that OSS does not have the worries of security at all; and it is a fact indeed that to Business Software, security problem demands prompt solution.
All in all, users or enterprises no longer have one choice only on the establishment of software later. Also, because of this, they must have basic knowledge and understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of OSS and Business Software.
| Chinese to English: Chronic Fatigue
General field: Medical
Detailed field: Medical: Health Care | Source text - Chinese
談慢性疲倦
正常人在激烈運動或熬夜工作後會有疲倦的感覺，這是正常的生理現象，但是如果不論做多少工作，都有這種倦怠、全身無力的感覺，就要特別注意了。
在家醫科及一般內科門診中，我們常遇到病患主訴：「我覺得好疲倦」、「我最近整天都覺得好累，怎麼休息都不夠」，面對患者無助疲憊的表情，醫師們也往往內心暗暗叫苦 - 一來自己平日繁重的工作壓力令人亦深覺倦怠無力，二來大多數的患者在經過多項病理學檢查及檢驗之後，實際上並無任何異常發現；即使有檢測出某些異常，也可能與疲倦無關或是臨床上並沒有好的治療方法。
何謂疲倦？在臨床上或科學數據上並不能給予合理的定義。在實用上我們根據患者的病史及症狀把疲倦分為三大類：生理性、急性與慢性。
生理性的疲倦是指身心健康的人在運動、休息與飲食方面過量或不足而造成失衡，屬正常現象。這類疲倦在充份的休息之後通常都能獲得明顯的改善。
急性疲倦是指持續時間在六個月以內，不屬於生理性疲倦而且臥床休息後亦無法改善者；同樣情形但持續時間在六個月以上者是為慢性疲倦。
| Translation - English
On Chronic Fatigue
It is a physiological phenomenon for normal people to feel fatigued after intense exercises or working until deep into the night. However, attention is needed if you always feel fatigued or weak all over no matter how much work you do.
In general internal medical clinics or departments, complaints of patients can often be heard: “I feel very tired”, or “I have been feeling fatigued during the past few days no matter how much rest I have”. Faced with their helpless and fatigued expressions, doctors are often complaining in their hearts. One reason is that doctors themselves also feel fatigued due to the heavy work stress every day. The other reason is that in fact most patients are not found anything unusual after various pathological tests and examinations. Even if test results show something unusual, it may have nothing to do with fatigue or there may be no good clinical treatment available.
What is fatigue? Clinical or scientific statistics are not able to give a reasonable definition. In practice it is divided into three categories according to patients’ medical history and symptoms: physiological, acute and chronic.
Physiological fatigue refers to the unbalanced condition of mentally and physically healthy people due to excessive exercise or insufficient rest and diet. It is normal and it usually can be distinctly improved through sufficient rest.
Acute fatigue is not included in physiological fatigue and cannot be improved by rest in bed. It usually lasts within six months. Chronic fatigue, on the other hand, has the similar symptoms as acute fatigue but lasts a longer period of more than six months.
| Chinese to English: Soybean
General field: Medical
Detailed field: Medical (general) | Source text - Chinese
黃豆 - 21世紀首選健康食品
中國人是吃黃豆的民族，由東北三省至廣東省，由西至東，不同省份的人有不同的食物烹調方法，對用黃豆做素材的食物更是花樣百出，不一而足。黃豆已成為齋菜的主要原料，它所提供的植物性蛋白質是素食者的蛋白質主要來源。
世界性對黃豆營養的研究始於三十多年前，當時研究員已一致公認黃豆是有著高蛋白和只含有礦物脂肪的有益食品。
唯最近的一系列世界性研討會公佈研究結果，証實了黃豆的另一些驚人功效 - 黃豆不但有抑制某些癌細胞生長的功能，它的蛋白質能直接降低膽固醇水平，而且亦是食物中含有植物雌激素最高的一種，於對治女性更年期各種病徵和徵狀有很明顯的功效。
研究發現，黃豆所含的植物雌激素對減輕潮熱很有功效﹔此外，據初步研究結果，更年期前後的女性服用大量黃豆製品，其骨骼的鈣流失會比一般不服用的婦女為少。
所以，傳統中國人將豆腐及豆類製品列為老年人的健康飲食一部份是有著高度智慧的。或者我們更應將黃豆製品進一步普及推廣至老、中、青每一個階段， 使它成為廿一世紀的最廉價而又最營養的健康食品。
| Translation - English
Soybean – the First Chosen Healthy Food for the 21st Century
Chinese in different provinces, ranging from the three provinces in the northeast to Guangdong Province in the south, and from the west to the east of China, have different cooking methods for food. As a people who eat soybeans, they also have numerous and various ways of cooking food using soybean as a source material. Soybean has become a main source material for vegetarian food as the vegetable protein it provides is the main source of protein for vegetarians.
Global research on the nutrition of soybean dated back to over thirty years ago when researchers had reached a consensus that soybean is a healthy food containing high protein and mineral fat only.
According to the recent research results released by a series of international seminars, soybean has been proven to have some other surprising effects. Not only can it restrain the growth of some cancer cells, but its protein also can directly decrease cholesterol. In addition, containing the highest vegetable estrogens among all foods, it is effective for treating all kinds of climacteric diseases and symptoms.
Research shows that the vegetable estrogens contained in soybean are very effective for relieving hot flash. In addition, initial research shows that the calcium loss in the bones of females in their climacteric period with a large intake of soybean products is less than those without soybean intake.
Therefore, it is of high intelligence as a tradition for Chinese to list bean curd and soybean products as a part of healthy diet for old people. Maybe we should further promote soybean products to people at every life stage, not only the old, but also the middle-aged and the young, in order to make soybean products the most inexpensive but nutritious healthy food in the 21st century.
| Chinese to English: Three Principles for Old People to Observe at Breakfast
General field: Medical
Detailed field: Medical: Health Care | Source text - Chinese
銀髮族早餐遵守三項原則
銀髮族的消化系統較差，因此在進食方面需特別注意。銀髮族的早餐應遵守三項原則，也就是「宜遲不宜早、宜軟不宜硬、宜少不宜多」。
現代醫學研究認為，在夜間睡眠時間，人體器官大多得到了充分的休息。但是消化系統在夜間仍然不停的運作，以消化一天中留在腸胃中的食物，在早晨才處於休息的狀態；因此至少需二、三個小時的休息，消化系統才能繼續運作。銀髮族的身體已經逐漸退化，如果太早用餐，休息時間被轉為用來消化，自然會影響代謝。
代謝物如不能及時排除而積於體內，則會成為各種老年疾病的誘因。因此，銀髮族的早餐時間最好在八點半到九點之間，這會較為合宜。銀髮族的早餐如果吃一些油炸、乾硬、刺激性的食物，容易傷胃，消化不良。最好吃一些容易消化的溫熱、易消化的食品，保健效果更好。
另外，吃東西的量如果超過消化器官的負荷能力，食物不能消化，長久下來，消化功能就會減退，容易使胃腸功能發生障礙而引發胃腸疾病。
| Translation - English
Three Principles for Old People to Observe at Breakfast
Old people have to be more careful when they have meals due to their weaker digestive systems. There are three principles for them to observe at breakfast, known as better late than early, better soft than hard, and better less than more.
According to modern medical research, although most human organs have enough rest during sleep at night, the digestive system still works continuously at night to digest the food remaining in the stomach which is taken during the day. It is until in the morning that it rests, so the digestive system needs at least two or three hours’ rest to be able to continue working. Since the old people become vestigial, if they have breakfast too early, the rest time will be used for digestion and normal metabolism will be affected.
If metabolites stay in the body and cannot be discharged, they will cause various kinds of old age diseases. Therefore, it would be appropriate for the old to have breakfast between half past eight and nine. Since eating fried, hard and irritating food at breakfast could do harm to the stomach and cause indigestion, it is better for health to eat some warm food which is easy to digest.
In addition, if the amount of food taken exceeds the load ability of the digestive system, the food then cannot be digested and the digestion ability will drop in a longer term, causing functional disorder in the stomach and intestines and then gastroenteropathy.
| Chinese to English: The Blind Area in the Tax System Should Not Be Neglected
General field: Bus/Financial
Detailed field: Law: Taxation & Customs | Source text - Chinese
税收盲区不应忽视
网络发展到了今天，逐渐出现了一些虚拟的商城、店铺，而且发展趋势如火如
荼。在现实生活中，企业与公民要依法纳税，那么在网络的虚拟世界中，有了收入应不应该缴税？缴税又上哪缴呢？而这些商城、店铺的收入到底有多少？这都是我们在新的经济形势下遇到的挑战。
网络商城不需要实体店铺，不需要缴纳大量电费、水费以及员工的开销，往往只需要把商品资料上传到网上即可；相对于其他的实体商城，节省了很大的经营成本。
网络商城所出售的产品是通过什么样的渠道进货、出货的，甚至成本以及所获得的利润有多少都不甚清楚。而对这些网上经商者的收入无法认定，也就无从征税，这是税收工作中的一个“盲区”。
虽然网络商城是虚拟的店铺，现实的法律很难执行，但其所获得的利润却确实落到了搭建网络商城的经营者手上。按照国家法律规定，无论是在哪进行营商活动，都应该依法缴税。因此，国家应尽快研究相关的税收政策，以清除网络商城的税收“盲区”。 | Translation - English
The Blind Area in the Tax System Should Not Be Neglected
With the development of the Internet, some virtual shops and department stores have emerged with a vigorous growing trend. Since enterprises and citizens have to pay tax according to law in real life, do they need to pay tax upon their income in the virtual world of the Internet? Where to pay the taxes? How much income do they have indeed? All these are challenges we are faced with under the new economic circumstances.
To run an online department store, there’s no need of entities of shops, a great deal of power rates and water rates as well as expenses on the employees. What is necessary is to upload all the information of the products online only. Therefore, compared with other entities, more operating costs could be saved.
It is unclear that through what channels the products on sale in online stores are purchased and sold, and how much the prime cost and the profit earned are. There is no way to collect tax because it is impossible to confirm the income of those doing businesses online. It is a blind area in the tax system.
Although online stores are virtual ones and it is very hard to enforce law in real life, the profit they have gained is actually in the hands of the operators who establish those online stores. According to the national legal provisions, paying tax by operation of law is essential no matter where the business activities are undertaken. Thereby, relevant taxation policies should be developed as soon as possible to eliminate the blind area in the tax collection of online stores.
| Chinese to English: Parents Should Respect Their Children’s Right of Privacy
General field: Social Sciences
Detailed field: Education / Pedagogy | Source text - Chinese
家长应尊重孩子的隐私权
在“隐私”问题上，很多孩子都和父母产生了矛盾。随着年龄的增长和独立性的增强，他们开始有了自己的一些“秘密”，日记就变成了孩子倾诉的“朋友”。但很多父母以对孩子“负责”“关心”为由，想方设法翻看孩子的日记，偷听孩子谈话，殊不知这些做法却正是孩子们最反感的行为。
一位社会学教授认为，家长偷看日记、偷听电话这些行为，其实都是对孩子关心不够、缺乏信任的表现，容易造成孩子对家长的不满情绪，产生新的沟通障碍。这实质上反映了目前家庭教育的缺失。家长或老师在侵犯了孩子隐私权的同时，也对孩子的心理造成很大伤害。如果长期下去，可能还会使孩子患上抑郁症，甚至出现性格扭曲。
专家建议，父母应尊重孩子们的隐私权，不要轻易去动孩子上了锁的抽屉，因为它是用来珍藏孩子的“秘密”的，如果强行打开，孩子的心灵大门就会从此对你紧闭。父母亲应该平视孩子，走近孩子，多与他们沟通，了解他们的内心世界，解决他们的烦恼。
| Translation - English
Parents Should Respect Their Children’s Right of Privacy
Many children have conflicts with their parents on the issue of privacy. As they grow older and become more independent, they start to have their own secrets and diaries become their friends to whom they can pour their hearts. However, many parents try all means to read their children diaries without permission and eavesdrop on their private conversations with the excuses of responsibility or concern. They hardly realise that these behaviours are what their children feel disgusted with.
A professor in sociology believes that the behaviours of parents’ reading children’s diaries without permission or eavesdropping on children’s private conversations show lack of care to them and lack of trust in them. It will result in children’s resentment towards their parents, leading to new communication barriers. It substantially reflects the deficiency of current family education. When infringing upon their children’s right of privacy, parents or teachers also hurt their mentality greatly. In the long run, children may develop depression or even distorted characters.
Experts suggest parents respect their children’s right of privacy and do not easily open their children’s locked drawers because they are used to collect secrets. If they are opened by force, the door of children’s hearts will then be closed tight for you. Parents should treat children as equals and get closer to them, communicating more with them to know their inner world and resolve their worries.
| Chinese to English: Gravity Lost
General field: Science
Detailed field: Science (general) | Source text - Chinese
地心重力的消失
原始人類離開森林的庇蔭，探勘大草原和以外的世界，這是人類拓荒的起源，並終於成就今日的太空探險。當年那批無畏的祖先們，絕對無法想像自己的作為對於後世的深遠影響﹔同樣地，今日的太空勇士們也很難想像無重力環境對他們身體有多大的影響。
微重力環境到底會產生什麼作用？眾所周知，重力的主要特徵是具有向下拉扯一切物質的作用。舉例而言，當我們長時間站立時，佔人體重量60%的液體會往下壓，因此常使得雙腳腫脹。
太空人進入低重力環境時，體內液體失去重量，幾分鐘之內，他的頭就會開始膨脹。相反地，腿部的液體將較平常減少一公升左右。隨著體液回流身體上半部，太空人的感受就好像是得了感冒一樣頭重腳輕，這種感覺會持續到返回地球為止。
由於無重力環境與地球上的感受差異過大，太空人的感官知覺面臨極大的挑戰。他們在太空艙裡扶著牆壁漂浮前進時，有時會感覺彷彿是太空船在移動而非他們自己在移動。微重力環境破壞了原有的手眼協調能力，因此，即使簡單如按鈕的動作也變得異常複雜，因為太空人必須重新調適眼睛所看到的和實際動作之間的鴻溝。 | Translation - English
Gravity Lost
Human adventure origins when primitive men leave the protection of forests to explore grasslands and areas beyond and finally achieve the space exploration today. Those fearless ancestors could hardly imagine the great influence their behaviours have on later generations; similarly, space warriors today can hardly imagine how huge their bodies are influenced by no gravity environment.
What are the effects of no gravity environment exactly? It is known to all that the main characteristic of gravity is the ability to pull all substances downward. For example, when we stand for a long time, body fluid accounting for 60% of body weight will push downward, resulting in feet swelling.
Since the body fluid will lose its weight when a space man enters low gravity environment, his head will be swelled in a few minutes. On the contrary, fluid in the legs will be one kilogram less than normal. With the fluid back-flow to upper body, space men will feel top heavy just like having a cold and this feeling will not disappear until they return to the earth.
Space men are faced with huge challenges on their senses and consciousness because of the great difference between no gravity environment and the earth. When they float forward holding the walls in the cabin, sometimes they would feel that it is the spaceship which is moving, but not them. No gravity environment destroys the original ability of coordination between hands and eyes. Therefore, it becomes extremely complicated even for a simple movement like pushing buttons, since space men must readjust the huge gap between what they see and the actual movement.
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More Less | | Master's degree - Macquarie University Australia | | Years of translation experience: 11. Registered at ProZ.com: Jun 2009. Became a member: Jun 2009. | | N/A | Chinese to English (National Accreditation Authority for Translators and Interpreters)
English to Chinese (National Accreditation Authority for Translators and Interpreters)
| | AUSIT | | Adobe Acrobat, Frontpage, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Office Pro, Microsoft Word, Powerpoint, SDL TRADOS, SDLX | | English (DOC) | | SDL Trados Studio 2009 Getting Started for Translators | | Zhi Huang endorses ProZ.com's Professional Guidelines. | | About me I am a professional translator between the Chinese and English languages with over ten years of experience in both China and Australia. My expertise mainly involves education, medical, finance, business, linguistics and social sciences. Having worked both as an in-house translator and as a freelancer, I am able to provide high quality translations with efficiency and accuracy.
The following are the major translation projects I have been involved in from 2000 to 2010:
1. Hotel/hospitality documents, Wuxi International Hotel, China 2000
2. Media/radio instructions, Radio of Nanjing Normal University for Foreign Language Instruction, 2000
3. Medical/Academic journal articles on Chinese medicine, Nanjing International TCM Forum, 2001
4. Education/EAP Course Outlines and introductions, University of Western Sydney Australia, 2002
5. Medical/Abstracts, article collection on Chinese medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 2003
6. Education/Program curricula and syllabus, English majors, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 2004
7. Certificates of medical practitioners, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 2005
8. Medical/Academic journal articles on Chinese medicine, Nanjing International TCM Forum, 2006
9. Education/IELTS program outlines and sample writings, New Oriental Overseas Sydney, 2007
10. Hospitality/Menus and recipes, Yesfood Sydney, 2008
11. Mining Projects, Datong Mining Pty Ltd, 2009
12. Tourism/Promotion flyers, Jianwen Tours Pty Ltd, 2009
13. Letters, certificates and diplomas, 2009
14. Business, Sports/ChinaX Program Proposal, RJMedia, 2010
15. University Undergraduate Syllabus Translation from Chinese into English (30000 words), 2010
16. Healthcare Course Modules Translation from English into Chinese (40,000 words), 2010
17. University Syllabus Translation from Chinese into English (20000 words), 2011
18. Coursebook Translation, Sydney Institute of Interpreting and Translating (30000 words), 2011 | This user has earned KudoZ points by helping other translators with PRO-level terms. Click point total(s) to see term translations provided.
Total pts earned: 20
(All PRO level)
| | Top languages (PRO) | | English to Chinese | 12 | | Chinese to English | 8 | | Top general fields (PRO) | | Art/Literary | 4 | | Bus/Financial | 4 | | Medical | 4 | | Law/Patents | 4 | | Marketing | 4 | | Top specific fields (PRO) | | Finance (general) | 4 | | Poetry & Literature | 4 | | Law (general) | 4 | | Medical: Instruments | 4 | | Tourism & Travel | 4 |
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Keywords: translation, Chinese, English
Profile last updated
Apr 12 |
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