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Specializes in:
Environment & Ecology
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Bulgarian to English - Rates: 0.08 - 0.12 EUR per word / 25 - 30 EUR per hour English to Bulgarian - Rates: 0.08 - 0.12 EUR per word / 25 - 30 EUR per hour Spanish to English - Rates: 0.08 - 0.12 EUR per word / 25 - 30 EUR per hour Spanish to Bulgarian - Rates: 0.08 - 0.12 EUR per word / 25 - 30 EUR per hour
Spanish to English: Study of an Olive Oil Plantation and Facilities General field: Tech/Engineering Detailed field: Agriculture
Source text - Spanish
Atendiendo a criterios económicos la dimensión adecuada de la zona que se pretende implantar debe ser de 2.500 has de olivar que es el tamaño que maximiza la rentabilidad.
El diseño de la plantación se adaptará a las exigencias de la recolección mecanizada. Se plantarán olivos de un solo tronco, con planta procedente de estaquillas semileñosas de nebulización. El marco de plantación será de 8 x 5 m, resultando una densidad 250 olivos/ha. El riego se realizará por goteo.
A la hora de determinar el tamaño de la instalación y su ritmo de producción hay que fijarse en la entrada diaria de producto que se originará.
Atendiendo siempre a la obtención de la máxima calidad nos encontraremos con campañas de recogida cortas de unos 50 días de duración media.
La producción media de las 2.500 has de olivar a implantar se estima en 8.000 kg/ha
Por tanto la capacidad de las instalaciones debe ser:
2.500 x 8.000 = 20.000.000 Kg. de aceituna
20.000.000 / 50 = 400.000 Kg./día
Translation - English
Taking in to account the economic criteria, the adequate size of the olive tree plantation area should be 2500 hectares – this size maximizes profitability.
The design of the plantation will be adapted to the demands of the mechanized harvesting process. The trees planted shall be derived through mist propagation of stem cuttings and will have a single trunk. The rows will be spaced at 8 x 5 m, giving a density of 250 trees per hectare. Drip irrigation will be used for watering.
On determining the size and production rhythm of the site, the daily intake of the product to be handled must be considered.
With the importance of maximum quality in mind, we find that the harvesting seasons are short, lasting around 50 days on average.
The average production of the 2500 hectares to be planted is estimated at 8000 kg per hectare.
As such, the capacity of the installation should be:
2.500 x 8.000 = 20.000.000 kg olives
20.000.000 / 50 = 400.000 kg per day
Spanish to English: Legal Notice General field: Law/Patents Detailed field: Law: Patents, Trademarks, Copyright
Source text - Spanish PROPIEDAD INTELECTUAL E INDUSTRIAL
Este website y los contenidos que alberga se encuentran protegidos por las leyes de Propiedad Intelectual. No podrán ser objeto de explotación, reproducción, distribución, modificación, comunicación pública, cesión o transformación. El acceso a este website no otorga a los usuarios derecho, ni titularidad alguna sobre los derechos de propiedad intelectual de los contenidos que alberga este website.
El contenido de este website puede ser descargado al terminal del usuario (download), siempre que sea para su uso privado y sin ningún fin comercial; por lo tanto no podrá explotar, reproducir, distribuir, modificar, comunicar públicamente, ceder, transformar o usar el contenido de este website con fines públicos o comerciales.
XXXX no transfiere a los usuarios la propiedad de su software. El usuario es el propietario del soporte en el cual el software es grabado. XXXX retiene todos los derechos de propiedad industrial e intelectual incluyendo el software. Si el usuario transfiere software de este website a su terminal, no podrá diseccionarlo para su estudio, o descompilarlo, traducir la versión del código objeto original o su lenguaje a otro código o lenguaje.
El nombre comercial, las marcas, logo, productos y servicios que contiene este website se encuentran protegidos por ley.
La reproducción, copia, uso distribución, comercialización, comunicación pública y cualquier otra actividad que se pueda hacer con la información contenida en estas páginas web y que se realicen sin la autorización por escrito de XXXX, es una infracción sancionada por la legislación vigente.
XXXX se reserva la posibilidad de ejercer las acciones judiciales que correspondan contra los usuarios que violen o infrinjan los derechos de propiedad intelectual e industrial.
Translation - English INTELLECTUAL AND INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY RIGHTS
This website and its contents are protected by Intellectual Property Rights. The contents are not subject to handling, reproduction, distribution, modification, public broadcasting, handover or alteration. Access to this site does not grant the user any entitlement or ownership of the intellectual property rights of the site’s contents.
The contents of this website may be downloaded to the user's device only for private use and for non-lucrative purposes. Hence, they may not be exploited, reproduced, distributed, modified, broadcast publicly, handed over, altered, or used for any public or commercial ends.
XXXX does not transfer the ownership of their software to users. The user is the owner of the device where the software is installed or saved. XXXX reserves all industrial and intellectual property rights, including those of the software. Users who transfer software from this website to their device may not dissect or decompile it for analysis, or translate the original version of the object file or its language to another file or language.
The trade name, brands, logo, products and services which are part of this website are protected by law.
The reproduction, copying, distribution, sale, public broadcasting and any other activity to which the contents of this website may be subject, and which is carried out without XXXX’s written permission is an offence liable to punishment by current legislation.
XXXX reserves the right to take legal action against users who violate or infringe intellectual and industrial property rights.
Bulgarian to English: Greenhouse gas emissions report General field: Science Detailed field: Environment & Ecology
Source text - Bulgarian Сред целите на горепосочените директиви е да се осигури устойчиво производство на биогорива. С оглед на това са регламентирани критерии за устойчивост, на които трябва да отговарят биогоривата, като условие същите да могат да се отчитат за изпълнението на задълженията, както по Директива 2009/30/ЕО, така и по Директива 2009/28/ЕО, а именно постигане на:
• 10% намаление на емисиите на парникови газове на единица енергия от
жизнения цикъл на горивата и произведената енергия за транспортни цели до
2020г., от които 6% са определени като задължителна цел;
• 20% дял на енергията от възобновяеми източници в брутното крайно енергийно
потребление в Европейската общност, респективно 16% за България до 2020г.
• 10% дял на енергията от възобновяеми източници (в т.ч. биогорива) от крайното
потребление на енергия за страната в транспортния сектор, както и
за възникване на право на финансово подпомагане на този тип горива от страна на държавата.
Съгласно критериите за устойчивост, намалението на емисиите на парникови газове (ПГ) от употребата на биогорива трябва да бъде не по-малко от 35% в сравнение с използването на съответните течни горива от нефтен произход, като впоследствие този процент се увеличава до 60%. Освен това са регламентирани специфични изисквания относно отглеждането на земеделските култури, използвани като суровина за производството на биогорива. Например, тези култури не трябва да произхождат от терени с висока степен на биоразнообразие, с високи въглеродни запаси или земи, които са били торфища.
Translation - English One of the aims of the above Directives is to ensure sustainable biofuel production. In view of this, sustainability criteria have been provisioned for. Biofuels must comply with the established criteria, where the fulfilment of obligations is required to be reported under Directive 2009/30/EC and Directive 2009/28/EC, namely reaching:
• a 10 % reduction of greenhouse gas emission per unit of energy from the life-cycle of fuels and energy supplied for transport purposes by 2020, 6 % of which has been established as a compulsory aim;
• a 20 % share of energy from renewable sources in the gross energy distribution of the European Union, respectively 16 % for Bulgaria by 2020.
• 10 % share of energy from renewable sources (including biofuels) in the final energy distribution for the country's transport sector, as well as introduction of the right to state financial aid for these types of fuels.
According to sustainability criteria, the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from the use of biofuels must be no less than 35 % in comparison with the use of liquid fuels derived from petroleum, where subsequently this percentage shall be increased to 60 %. In addition, specific requirements are provisioned for regarding the cultivation of agricultural raw material for biofuel production. For example, these raw materials cannot be derived from land with a high level of biodiversity or high carbon stock, or land which was previously peatland.
Bulgarian to English: Waters Legislation General field: Law/Patents Detailed field: Environment & Ecology
Source text - Bulgarian 6. Предлагам в точка X на чл. X от Закона за XXXX текста “водохранилищата им” да се допълни текста “до най - високо водно ниво, прилежащите им съоръжения”.
7. Предлагам в чл. X от Закона XXXX да се създаде нова точка 5 със следното съдържание:
“5. водоснабдителните системи или части от тях, включващи мрежи и съоръжения за отнемане, съхраняване и транспортиране на водите - водовземни съоръжения, резервоари и довеждащи водопроводи, чрез които се доставя вода до уличните водопроводни мрежи за потребителите на територията на повече от една община;”
8. Предлагам в чл. 13 от Закона XXXX да се създаде нова точка 6 със следното съдържание:
“6.пречиствателни станции или съоръжения и съоръжения за обеззаразяване на вода за питейно – битови цели и обществени нужди, за производствени, промишлени и други дейности с търговски характер, когато са предназначени за потребителите на повече от една община;”
9. Предлагам в чл. 13 от Закона за XXXX да се създаде нова точка 7 със следното съдържание:
“7. отвеждащите канализационни колектори с прилежащите им съоръжения и пречиствателните станции и съоръжения за отпадъчни води, които обслужват потребителите на територията на повече от една община.”
10. Предлагам настоящата разпоредба на чл. X от Закона XXXX да се обособи като алинея 1 и да се създаде нова ал. 2 със следното съдържание:
“(2) Ал.1, т. 5 , т. 6 и т. 7 не се прилагат в случаите, когато обектите попадащи в техния обхват се финансират чрез фондовете на Европейския съюз и средствата са предоставени на съответните общини.”
11. Предлагам в Закона за XXXX да се създаде нов член 15а със следното съдържание:
“Чл. 15а. Частна държавна собственост са сградните водопроводни инсталации и вътрешните водопроводни мрежи и съоръжения, разположени в имотите, собственост на държавата, до измервателните уреди на водопроводните отклонения за присъединяване към уличната водопроводна мрежа и канализационните мрежи и съоръжения, отвеждащи отпадъчните води от тези имоти до ревизионните шахти за присъединяване към уличните канализационни мрежи.”
Translation - English 6.In Article 13, item 1 of the Law for XXXX, after the text “their reservoirs”, the text “up to the highest water level, their respective facilities” shall be added.
7. A new item 5 is to be created in Article 13 of the Law for XXXX, with the following content:
“5. water supply systems or parts thereof, including drainage, storage and transportation networks and facilities: water intake structures, reservoirs and conduits, which bring water to the street water mains for consumers on the territory of more than one municipality;”
8. A new item 6 is to be created in Article 13 of the Law XXXX, with the following content:
“6. purification plants or facilities and decontamination facilities for drinking water, water for public use, for production, industrial or commercial purposes, if provided to the customers of more than one municipality.”
9. A new item 7 is to be created in Article 13 of the Law XXXX, with the following content:
“7. outlet sewage pipelines and their adjoining structures, waste water treatment plants and waste water facilities, which serve customers on the territory of more than one municipality.”
10. The current regulation of Article 13 of the Law XXXX is to be adopted as subparagraph 1, and a new subparagraph 2, with the following content is to be created:
“(2) Items 5, 6 and 7 of subparagraph 1 shall not apply in cases when the sites stipulated in them are financed by the European Union, and the funds have been granted to the relevant municipalities.”
11. A new Article 15a is to be created in the Law XXXX, with the following content:
“Article 15a. Water supply installations inside buildings and water supply networks and facilities on the territory of state property, up to and including measuring devices on branch pipelines which provide connection to the street water mains and sewerage networks and facilities that take the waste waters away from these sites to the rain intake shafts, providing connection to the street sewage networks, shall be private state property.”
Bulgarian to English: Spiritual Life (PhD thesis) - Orthodox Triadology, Pneumatology, and Anthropology General field: Art/Literary Detailed field: Religion
Source text - Bulgarian І. ДУХ и ДУХОВЕН ЖИВОТ – кратък богословски преглед
Термините “дух”, “духовност” и “духовен” се използват така широко и многостранно, че при опит да се дефинират, трудностите биха били непреодолими, ако не ги разглеждахме в светлината на една определена традиция, която e съхранена в богословието на Православната Църква (of the Eastern Church) и която за нас е най-близка.
Съществителното “духовност” (πνευματίκτητα) идва от прилатателното “духовен” (πνευματίκος), а духовен от “дух” (πνευμα).
С понятието “дух” се обозначават невещствени, нематериални, нетленни същества, а също и дейността на човешкия ум (νοΰς), който е в състояние да съзерцава нематериалното. В Свещеното Писание думата “дух” се употребява с различни значения: понякога това е ‘жизнено дихание’, като начало на прост, животински живот (Екл. 3:19), понякога духове безплътни, надарени с ум, воля, могъщество (Еф. 2:2 - демони; Евр. 1:14 - ангели), понякога души човешки (Бит. 2:7, Екл. 12:7), друг път духовната Божия природа, с всичките й присъщи свойства (Йоан 4:24) или различните дарове , служения и действия на Духа Божий (Бит. 41:38; Ис. 11:2-3; ІІ Петр. 1:21), както и благодатните дарове, които дават нов живот на човека и му служат за спасение и освещение (Йоан 3:5-8; І Кор. 2:12-14 и др.).
В своя най същински смисъл “пневма” (πνευμα) означава Божия Дух, Който според Свещ. Писание е духовна сила, която животвори, пробужда и укрепва и с Който св. ап. Йоан определя Бога.
Оттук става ясно, че за да изясним тези основни за нашата тема понятия е нужно да разгледаме понятието Бог. Това неминуемо ни довежда до съществения въпрос:
1. Познаваем ли е Бог?
Translation - English I. Spirit and spiritual life – a brief theological review
The terms ‘spirit’, ‘spirituality’ and ‘spiritual’ are used so widely and are so versatile that if we try to define them we are faced with unsurpassable difficulties, unless we examine them in the light of one particular tradition which is preserved within the theology of the Eastern Orthodox Church and to which we relate most closely.
The noun ‘spirituality’ (πνευματίκτητα) is derived from the adjective ‘spiritual’ (πνευματίκος,) and spiritual from ‘spirit’ (πνευμα).
Spirit’ is the concept used to denote immaterial and incorporeal beings, as well as the activity of the human mind (νοΰς), the latter having the capacity to contemplate the immaterial. In the Holy Scriptures the word ‘spirit’ is used with numerous meanings. It can refer: to the ‘breath of life’ - the beginning of a simple, animal life (Eccl. 3:19) or to incorporeal spirits in possession of mind, will and might (Ephes. 2:2 - demons; Hebr. 1:14 - angels); to human souls (Gen. 2:7, Eccl. 12:7) or to God’s spiritual nature, with all its corresponding attributes (John 4:24); to the different gifts1, acts and services of the Holy Spirit (Gen. 41:38; . 11:2-3; 2 Peter 1:21) or to the gifts of grace which grant new life to man and serve him for his salvation and sanctification (John 3:5-8; 1 Cor. 2:12-14 etc).
In its most literal sense ‘pneuma’ (πνευμα) signifies the Holy Spirit Who, according to the Holy Scriptures, is a spiritual force that creates, awakens and fortifies and is used by St. John the Apostle to define God.
It is apparent form the above that in order to clarify these fundamental for the subject concepts, it is necessary to examine the notion of God. This leads us to the crucial question:
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I was born and lived in Bulgaria until the age of 12. My family moved to the UK and brought me up bilingually, instilling in me a respect for diversity and a love of languages and the power of communication which has stayed with me from a very early age.
In 2003, I moved to Spain and have lived here ever since. I enjoyed and thrived on the challenge of adapting to yet another culture, a different lifestyle, and a new language.
Another very important part of my life has always been music. I've played the cello since the age of 8, and in fact I have a Bmus (music degree) from King´s College in London.
I believe that my clear communication skills and the approach I use in my work, both analytical and intuitive at the same time, have as much to do with my background in music as my love and experience of languages and writing.
Over the last few years as a freelance translator, I've had the opportunity to work with a wide range of texts - from academic essays and technical reports to draft legislation and tourist websites. What I really enjoy about my work is the creativity and the new learning curve that each project brings.
When clients entrust translation to me the results are always accurate, flowing and convincing texts that read as if they were originally written in the target language.
Some of my specialisms are: Environment and Ecology, Law (general, contracts), Accounts, Business, Agriculture, Music (history, instrumentation), Religion, Arts (techniques and history), Leisure and Tourism. However, I am always willing to progress and develop new areas of interest on a professional and personal level.
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