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 Member since Jul '08
Working languages: English to French
French to English
French (monolingual)
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|    Jean-Louis S.
Expert Translations!
Decatur, GA, United States Local time: 13:08 EST (GMT-5)
Native in: French  | | | | Translator likelihood
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Accurate medical and scientific terminology | Freelancer and outsourcer,  Verified member, ProZ.com Moderator | | Blue Board: Globomics LLC | | Translation, Editing/proofreading | | Specializes in: | | Science (general) | Biology (-tech,-chem,micro-) | | International Org/Dev/Coop | Certificates, Diplomas, Licenses, CVs | | Medical (general) | Medical: Instruments | | Medical: Pharmaceuticals | Genetics | | Medical: Health Care | Cooking / Culinary |
| Also works in: | | Nutrition | Law: Patents, Trademarks, Copyright | | Zoology | Food & Dairy | | Wine / Oenology / Viticulture | Medical: Dentistry | | Medical: Cardiology | Fisheries | | Tourism & Travel | Art, Arts & Crafts, Painting | | Social Science, Sociology, Ethics, etc. | General / Conversation / Greetings / Letters |
More Less | | USD | | PRO-level points: 2116, Questions answered: 1059, Questions asked: 12 | | Wire transfer, Check | | 2009 | | Euro (eur), U. S. dollars (usd) | Sample translations submitted: 1 English to French: Human Immunodeficiency Virus
General field: Medical
Detailed field: Medical (general) | Source text - English
HIV
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a lentivirus (a member of the retrovirus family) that can lead to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), a condition in humans in which the immune system begins to fail, leading to life-threatening opportunistic infections. Previous names for the virus include human T-lymphotropic virus-III (HTLV-III), lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV), and AIDS-associated retrovirus (ARV).
Infection with HIV occurs by the transfer of blood, semen, vaginal fluid, pre-ejaculate, or breast milk. Within these bodily fluids, HIV is present as both free virus particles and virus within infected immune cells. The four major routes of transmission are unprotected sexual intercourse, contaminated needles, breast milk, and transmission from an infected mother to her baby at birth (Vertical transmission). Screening of blood products for HIV has largely eliminated transmission through blood transfusions or infected blood products in the developed world.
HIV infection in humans is now pandemic. As of January 2006, the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) and the World Health Organization (WHO) estimate that AIDS has killed more than 25 million people since it was first recognized on December 1, 1981. It is estimated that about 0.6 percent of the world's population is infected with HIV. In 2005 alone, AIDS claimed an estimated 2.4–3.3 million lives, of which more than 570,000 were children. A third of these deaths are occurring in sub-Saharan Africa, retarding economic growth and increasing poverty. According to current estimates, HIV is set to infect 90 million people in Africa, resulting in a minimum estimate of 18 million orphans. Antiretroviral treatment reduces both the mortality and the morbidity of HIV infection, but routine access to antiretroviral medication is not available in all countries.
HIV primarily infects vital cells in the human immune system such as helper T cells (specifically CD4 T cells), macrophages, and dendritic cells. HIV infection leads to low levels of CD4 T cells through three main mechanisms: firstly, direct viral killing of infected cells; secondly, increased rates of apoptosis in infected cells; and thirdly, killing of infected CD4 T cells by CD8 cytotoxic lymphocytes that recognize infected cells. When CD4 T cell numbers decline below a critical level, cell-mediated immunity is lost, and the body becomes progressively more susceptible to opportunistic infections. | Translation - French
VIH
Tiré de Wikipédia, l’encyclopédie libre
Le virus de l’immunodéficience humaine (VIH) est un lentivirus (un membre de la famille des retroviridae) qui est la cause du syndrome d’immunodéficience acquise (SIDA), une pathologie humaine où le système immunitaire s’effondre, conduisant à des infections opportunistes potentiellement mortelles. D’autres noms, et leur acronyme en anglais, tels que le virus humain T-lymphotropique III (HTLV-III), le virus associé à la lymphadénopathie (LAV) et le virus associé au SIDA (ARV) ont aussi été utilisés pour ce virus.
L’infection par le VIH peut survenir par un échange de sang, de sperme, de fluide vaginal, de liquide pré-éjaculatoire ou de lait maternel. Dans ces sécrétions corporelles, le VIH est présent à la fois sous forme de particules virales libres et à l’intérieur de cellules immunitaires infectées. Les quatre voies principales de transmission sont les rapports sexuels non protégés, les aiguilles contaminées, le lait maternel, et la transmission de la mère infectée à son enfant à la naissance (transmission verticale). Le dépistage du VIH dans les produits sanguins a virtuellement éliminé la transmission par la transfusion sanguine ou les produits dérivés du sang dans les pays développés.
L’infection par le VIH chez l’homme est aujourd’hui pandémique. En janvier 2006, le Programme Commun des Nations Unis sur le VIH/SIDA (ONUSIDA) et l’Organisation Mondiale de la Santé (OMS) estimaient que le SIDA avait tué plus de 25 millions de personnes depuis sa première description le 1er décembre 1981. On estime qu’environ 0.6% de la population mondiale est infectée par le VIH. Rien qu’en 2005, le SIDA a coûté la vie à entre 2,4 et 3,3 millions d’individus, parmi lesquels 570.000 enfants. Un tiers de ces décès surviennent en Afrique au sud du Sahara, réduisant la croissance économique et augmentant la pauvreté. Selon les estimations actuelles, le VIH infectera probablement 90 millions d’individus en Afrique, rendant au moins 18 millions d’enfants orphelins. Le traitement anti-rétroviral réduit la mortalité et la morbidité de l’infection au VIH mais l’accès facile aux anti-rétroviraux n’est pas disponible dans tous les pays.
Le VIH infecte des cellules vitales du système immunitaire telles que les cellules T auxiliaires (plus précisément les cellules T CD4), les macrophages et les cellules dendritiques. L’infection par le VIH provoque la diminution des cellules T CD4 par trois mécanismes principaux : premièrement, la destruction directe des cellules infectées par le virus ; deuxièmement, l’augmentation du taux d’apoptose des cellules infectées et troisièmement la destruction des cellules T CD4 infectées par les lymphocytes cytotoxiques CD8 qui reconnaissent les cellules infectées. Quand le nombre de cellules T CD4 tombe en dessous d’un niveau critique, l’immunité à médiation cellulaire devient déficiente et l’organisme est progressivement plus susceptible aux infections opportunistes. |
More Less | | JLSglossary | | Years of translation experience: 2. Registered at ProZ.com: Jan 2008. Became a member: Jul 2008. | | English to French (BEPA/Institut Senegalo-Britannique, verified)
English to French (English Language Certificate/USIS, verified)
French to English (BEPA/Institut Senegalo-Britannique, verified)
French to English (English Language Certificate/USIS, verified)
| | ATA | | Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Word, FileMaker Pro, Wordfast | | http://www.globomicstranslations.com | | CV available upon request | | Globomics LLC endorses ProZ.com's Professional Guidelines. | | About me A bilingual expert in science and public health
Doctorate in Pharmacy (in French)
Doctorate in Cancer Biology and Virology (in English)
More than 20 years in biological and clinical research and international public health practiced both in English and French
Extensive translation experience in the scientific and public health context
More than 50 peer-reviewed scientific publications and book chapters
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