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Italian to English: Thesis "Blast load effects on reinforced concrete structures" General field: Tech/Engineering Detailed field: Construction / Civil Engineering
Source text - Italian Per esplosione si intende la transizione istantanea del materiale esplosivo (in genere trinitrotoluene, TNT) dallo stato solido o liquido allo stato gassoso, in cui si ha un elevato rilascio di energia sotto forma di onda d’urto. Questo rilascio di energia, traducibile in un valore massimo di sovrappressione, è la principale causa di morti, feriti e danni alla struttura ed è necessario, quindi, progettare un edificio capace di assorbire tale energia, evitando il crollo e consentendo il salvataggio del maggior numero di persone possibile. Questo valore di sovrappressione è traducibile in un carico che, impattando sui vari elementi strutturali, impartisce momento flettente, momento torcente, taglio e sforzo normale.
La determinazione, in termini di probabilità, della localizzazione di un esplosione viene sempre fatta in quanto gli effetti di questa ed i carichi generati, decrescono al crescere della distanza. Un esplosione può essere classificata in “esplosione confinata” ed “esplosione non confinata” e quest’ultima si classifica ulteriormente per quanto riguarda il livello di confinamento a cui è soggetta. Inoltre le esplosioni vengono identificate anche per il loro posizionamento nello spazio in esplosioni a terra ed esplosioni in aria. Per quanto riguarda le esplosioni a terra il carico che si trasmette sui vari elementi è unico mentre per le esplosioni in aria, a questa onda d’urto, vi si aggiunge il valore dell’onda riflessa dal pavimento.
Translation - English The definition of explosion means the instantaneous transition of the explosive material (generally trinitrotoluene, TNT) from the solid or liquid state to the gaseous state, in which there is a high release of energy in the form of a shock wave. This release of energy, which can be translated into a maximum value of overpressure, is the main cause of deaths, injuries and damage to the structure and it is therefore necessary to design a building capable of absorbing this energy, avoiding collapse and allowing the largest number possible of people to be saved. This value of overpressure can be translated into a load which, impacting on the various structural elements, imparts a bending moment, a torque moment, a cut and normal stress.
The determination, in terms of probability, of the location of an explosion is always made since the effects of this and the generated loads decrease as the distance increases. An explosion can be classified as a "confined explosion" and an "unconfined explosion" and this is further classified as regards to the level of confinement to which it is subjected. Furthermore the explosions are also identified for their positioning in space in explosions on the ground and explosions in the air. As for the ground explosions, the load that is transmitted on the various elements is unique while for the air explosions, to this shock wave, the value of the wave reflected from the floor is added.
Italian to English: Storia della moda 1400-1500?History of fashion 1400-1500 General field: Other Detailed field: Textiles / Clothing / Fashion
Source text - Italian Storia della moda 1400-1500
Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.
Miniatura del 1410-15 raffigurante uno dei mesi del ciclo delle Les Tres Riches Heures de duc de Berry
La moda del quindicesimo secolo è determinata da una continuo fase di sperimentazione che da un vestiario a inizi secolo ancora legato ad una moda trecentesca ascrivibile nella moda del Gotico internazionale approda poi alla fine del secolo nella moda rinascimentale non senza passare prima nella moda Tardo-Gotica o Umanistica. Sebbene vi siano delle differenze stilistiche da un luogo all'altro è possibile farsi un'idea di come durante questo periodo la moda si evolvi in maniera incredibilmente logica. A inizi secolo sia uomini che donne indossavano pellande di foggie e dimensioni diverse , i ceti più abbienti ed elitari avevano pellande impreziosite da fili d'oro, da stelle d'orate su fondo blu e gli orli le maniche ed i colletti erano ornati con pelliccie di visone, a questo si aggiungeva nella moda maschile il capperone e delle pouilaine. Le donne ad inizio secolo indossavano copricapi di lino bianchi, oppure dei veli che alzavano i capelli. La moda femminile abbonda di strascichi e veli, la pellanda ad inizio secolo era accollata come negli uomini. I colori erano sgargianti per entrambi i sessi, quello più usato per i primi trentìanni del quattrocento fu il blu cielo.
Translation - English History of fashion 1400-1500
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Miniature of 1410-15 depicting one of the months of the cycle of the Les Tres Riches Heures de duc de Berry
The fashion of the fifteenth century is determined by a continuous phase of experimentation that from a clothing at the beginning of the century still tied to a fourteenth-century fashion that can be ascribed to the fashion of the international Gothic then arrives at the end of the century in Renaissance fashion not without first passing into late-Gothic fashion or Humanitic fashion. Although there are stylistic differences from one place to another it is possible to get an idea of how fashion evolves in an incredibly logical way during this period. At the beginning of the century both men and women wore leathers of different shapes and sizes, the more wealthy and elite classes had leather garments embellished with golden threads and golden stars on a blue background and the edges of the sleeves and collars were adorned with furs of mink, to this, in men's fashion, the caperone and pouilaine was added. Women at the beginning of the century wore white linen hats, or veils that raised their hair. Women's fashion was abounded with trains and veils, the leather at the beginning of the century was as high-necked as in men. The colors were bright for both sexes, the most used for the first thirty years of the fifteenth century was sky blue.
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Graduate diploma - Western Technical Commercial School
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Years of experience: 14. Registered at ProZ.com: Oct 2015.
My name is Susie. I have a High school diploma from Western Technical Commercial School in Toronto, Canada and am of mother tongue English.
I have been living in Italy for 36 years and therefore, have an excellent command of the Italian language. Thanks to my experience teaching English over the past few years, I am able to produce reliable translations that are linguistically and culturally correct.
I work out of my office which is located just outside of Rome, Italy.
Should you require the professional services offered, please do not hesitate to contact me.
Keywords: Italian, English, experience, italiano, inglese, fashion, tourism, general, marketing, marketing research. See more.Italian, English, experience, italiano, inglese, fashion, tourism, general, marketing, marketing research, survey, beauty, reviews, religion, social science. See less.
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