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responder

English translation: explain

GLOSSARY ENTRY (DERIVED FROM QUESTION BELOW)
Portuguese term or phrase:responder
English translation:explain
Entered by: zabrowa

14:47 Aug 5, 2007
Portuguese to English translations [PRO]
Science - Linguistics / Tonal languages
Portuguese term or phrase: responder
Há evidências no sistema silábico e em processos fonológicos de Dâw de que os tons de contorno são tratados na fonologia como unidades indivisíveis e não como uma seqüência de tons de níveis.. Segundo Yip (2002:27) uma língua que reporta a existência de tons de contorno precisa **responder** primeiramente onde estes tons ocorrem

There is evidence in the Dâw syllabic system and in phonological processes that the contour tones are treated in the phonology as indivisible units and not as a sequence of level tones. According to Yip (2002:27), if a language has contour tones it must XXX first where these tones occur.
zabrowa
Local time: 12:05
explain
Explanation:
I think the "responder" goes back to "reporta," which you eliminated. It's an awkward construction. I think your author is confusing the language with the linguist who is reporting on it.

Note that I switched "level tones." It fits with "sequence of," and "level tones" means something else. This kind of switch in a noun phrase comes up from time to time in translating from Portuguese.

Literal translation:

"There is evidence in the Dâw syllabic system and in phonological processes that [no "the"] contour tones are treated in the phonology as indivisible units and not as a sequence of tone levels. According to Yip (2002:27), if a language reports the existence of contour tones it is necessary to explain first where these tones occur."

Free translation:

"There is evidence in the Dâw syllabic system and in phonological processes that contour tones are regarded in the phonology as indivisible units and not as a sequence of tone levels. According to Yip (2002:27), if a language is claimed to have contour tones, the analyst must first explain where these tones occur."

10,000 refs for ["tone levels"+tonal+language]

Downdrift in **a Tone Language with Four Tone Levels**.
eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/recordDetail?accno=ED338063

Yoruba is eminently a tone language, and it is more difficult to acquire than some ... but **three distinctive tone levels**; monosyllabic words occur on three ...
links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0001-9720(195307)23%3A3%3C260%3AAITTYL%3E2.0.CO%3B2-
Selected response from:

Muriel Vasconcellos
United States
Local time: 03:05
Grading comment
I think the free translation is perfect. A vast improvement on my own. Thanks for your help!
4 KudoZ points were awarded for this answer



Summary of answers provided
3 +3respond/indicate
Humberto Ribas
4 +1explain
Muriel Vasconcellos
5inform
Paul Dixon


  

Answers


4 mins   confidence: Answerer confidence 3/5Answerer confidence 3/5 peer agreement (net): +3
respond/indicate


Explanation:
precisa **responder**
must indicate

Humberto Ribas
Brazil
Local time: 07:05
Works in field
Native speaker of: Native in PortuguesePortuguese
PRO pts in category: 4

Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
agree  Marcos Bernardo
31 mins
  -> obrigado, Marcos
agree  cristina estanislau
38 mins
  -> obrigado, Cristina
agree  Cristina Santos
2 hrs
  -> obrigado, Cristina
Login to enter a peer comment (or grade)

7 hrs   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5 peer agreement (net): +1
explain


Explanation:
I think the "responder" goes back to "reporta," which you eliminated. It's an awkward construction. I think your author is confusing the language with the linguist who is reporting on it.

Note that I switched "level tones." It fits with "sequence of," and "level tones" means something else. This kind of switch in a noun phrase comes up from time to time in translating from Portuguese.

Literal translation:

"There is evidence in the Dâw syllabic system and in phonological processes that [no "the"] contour tones are treated in the phonology as indivisible units and not as a sequence of tone levels. According to Yip (2002:27), if a language reports the existence of contour tones it is necessary to explain first where these tones occur."

Free translation:

"There is evidence in the Dâw syllabic system and in phonological processes that contour tones are regarded in the phonology as indivisible units and not as a sequence of tone levels. According to Yip (2002:27), if a language is claimed to have contour tones, the analyst must first explain where these tones occur."

10,000 refs for ["tone levels"+tonal+language]

Downdrift in **a Tone Language with Four Tone Levels**.
eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/recordDetail?accno=ED338063

Yoruba is eminently a tone language, and it is more difficult to acquire than some ... but **three distinctive tone levels**; monosyllabic words occur on three ...
links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0001-9720(195307)23%3A3%3C260%3AAITTYL%3E2.0.CO%3B2-

Muriel Vasconcellos
United States
Local time: 03:05
Specializes in field
Native speaker of: Native in EnglishEnglish
PRO pts in category: 2542
Grading comment
I think the free translation is perfect. A vast improvement on my own. Thanks for your help!

Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
agree  sensibi
14 hrs
  -> Thank you!
Login to enter a peer comment (or grade)

1 day 5 hrs   confidence: Answerer confidence 5/5
inform


Explanation:
My suggestion.

Paul Dixon
Brazil
Local time: 07:05
Native speaker of: Native in EnglishEnglish, Native in PortuguesePortuguese
PRO pts in category: 32
Login to enter a peer comment (or grade)



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