指令成分
English translation: transmitters / signaling molecules
| GLOSSARY ENTRY (DERIVED FROM QUESTION BELOW) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| 18:44 Jun 7, 2008 |
| Japanese to English translations [PRO] Medical - Cosmetics, Beauty / Skin | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
|  Selected response from: sumire (X) United States | ||||||
Grading comment
| |||||||
| Summary of answers provided | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 +1 | active ingredients |
| ||
| 2 | α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH), Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) |
| ||
| 1 | stimulating agent |
|
| Discussion entries: 1 | |
|---|---|
Answers
16 hrs confidence: 
peer agreement (net): +1
peer agreement (net): +1active ingredients Explanation: My suggestion is based on 指令 having the meaning of "official/oder/prescript" and 成分 taking the meaning of "ingredients/or components". If we look at the instructions on make up or medicine, there is usually a section of "active ingredients", so I was thinking that it might fit here. What do you think? |
| |
| Login to enter a peer comment (or grade) | ||
5 hrs confidence:
α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH), Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) Explanation: Transmitter Substance (constituent) α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) http://www.co-pulmonarymedicine.com/pt/re/copulmonary/abstra... 00002.htm;jsessionid=LLgNy3yL7VDGBGjRJzMLn6DKvPcjnv2yjyfh3yfnxQzb5LGjsYTz!1593807172!181195629!8091!-1 Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=19... http://content.karger.com/produktedb/produkte.asp?doi=10.115... (TNF – Tumor Not Found?????) -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 5 hrs (2008-06-08 00:21:04 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- Sorry. Please try this one. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanocyte-stimulating_hormone -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 14 hrs (2008-06-08 09:40:32 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- Sorry Again, I didn't read your question well. You know the meaning of a-MSH and TNF. -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 1 day2 hrs (2008-06-08 20:56:35 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- Hi, a-MSH is melanotropinα-Melanocyte Stimulating *Hormone. According to the below link; <<Hormone>> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormone Hormones are chemicals released by cells that affect cells in other parts of the body. Only a small amount of hormone is required to alter cell metabolism.It is also a chemical messenger that transports a signal from one cell to another. <<Neurotransmitter>> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurotransmitter Neurotransmitters are chemicals that are used to relay, amplify and modulate signals between a neuron and another cell.[1] According to the prevailing beliefs of the 1960s, a chemical can be classified as a neurotransmitter if it meets the following conditions: There are precursors and/or synthesis enzymes located in the presynaptic side of the synapse; The chemical is present in the presynaptic element It is available in sufficient quantity in the presynaptic neuron to affect the postsynaptic neuron; There are postsynaptic receptors and the chemical is able to bind to them So they are two different things. But Japanese wiki says that ホルモン（英：hormone）とは、動物の体内において、ある決まった器官で合成・分泌され、体液（血液）を通して体内を循環し、別の決まった器官でその効果を発揮する生理活性物質のこと。生体内の特定の器官の働きを調節するための情報伝達を担う物質であり、栄養分などとは違って、ホルモンの体液中の濃度は非常に微量であるのが特徴。 It is not Neurotransmitters, but I also thought that it is a kind of “transmitter”. transmitters (a-MSH, AgRP and 5-HT) modify the electrical activity of identified hypothalamic. neurons. Using electrophysiological, biochemical and ... http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1749-6632... But it is a very good idea to wait for another suggestions. Good Luck! -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 1 day2 hrs (2008-06-08 21:09:07 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- Sorry for my typo. It is not a Neurotransmitter, -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 1 day3 hrs (2008-06-08 22:04:11 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- This might help you understand messenger and transmitter. http://www.psychiatrictimes.com/display/article/10168/114763... -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 1 day4 hrs (2008-06-08 23:03:21 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- **Signal transduction** In biology, signal transduction refers to any process by which a cell converts one kind of signal or stimulus into another. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal_transduction **a molecular transmitter (hormone or factor)** https://www.msu.edu/course/lbs/149h/Cell Signal.html |
| |
Grading comment
| ||
| Login to enter a peer comment (or grade) | ||
1 day 11 hrs confidence:
stimulating agent Explanation: Far from any field I work in, but biology used to be my big hobby, so here's a (hopefully) educated guess. Of course that wholly depends on what exactly it is that the substance is doing, but both α-MSH and TNF-alpha seem to be stimulating something, hence my answer. Maybe you could even use "catalyst", but that might be misinterpreted as a chemical (e.g. reaction catalyst) rather than biological (e.g. cell growth catalyst) term. |
| |
| Login to enter a peer comment (or grade) | ||
Login or register (free and only takes a few minutes) to participate in this question.
You will also have access to many other tools and opportunities designed for those who have language-related jobs (or are passionate about them). Participation is free and the site has a strict confidentiality policy.
KudoZ™ translation help
The KudoZ network provides a framework for translators and others to assist each other with translations or explanations of terms and short phrases.
See also:
Search millions of term translations