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must and should

Hindi translation: होगा = must; चाहिए = should

GLOSSARY ENTRY (DERIVED FROM QUESTION BELOW)
English term or phrase:must and should
Hindi translation:होगा = must; चाहिए = should
Entered by: Balasubramaniam L.

06:28 Aug 16, 2006
English to Hindi translations [PRO]
Other /
English term or phrase: must and should
There is the difference between the connotations of the abovementioned words in English but Hindi seems to have same word for both of these i.e. chahiye (चाहिए) which does not always communicate the implied sense.

"Must" is necessary or essential whereas "should" expresses an emotional, practical, or other reason for doing something.

How would you provide different translation for the following expressions:

You SHOULD help others.
You MUST help others.

And how can I handle "must" in the following sentence:

Company property must not be used for improper personal benefit or any other improper purpose.

Thanks in anticipation for your valuable suggestions.
Rajan Chopra
India
Local time: 02:48
होगा = must; चाहिए = should
Explanation:
In Hindi होगा signifies complusion, lack of option, just as must in English.

And चाहिए signifies the presence of options, just as should in English

Therefore, difference in the two can be expressed by using these सहायक क्रियाएं

आपको जाना चाहिए - You should go.
आपको जाना होगा - You must go.

You can calibrate the level of compulsion by using words like यदि, अवश्य, जरूर, ही, etc.

आपको अवश्य जाना चाहिए - you certainly must go
आपको जाना ही चाहिए - you have to go
आपका जाना जरूरी है - It is imperative for you to go.







--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 1 hr (2006-08-16 08:02:50 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

Regarding you specific examples:

You must help others: तुम्हें दूसरों की मदद करनी होगी
You should help others : तुम्हें दूसरों की मदद करनी चाहिए

Company property must not be used for improper personal benefit or any other improper purpose.

कंपनीसंपत्ति का अनुचित निजी लाभ हेतु दुपरुपयोग नहीं होना चाहिए।



--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 1 hr (2006-08-16 08:12:23 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

Other possibilities:

कंपनी संपत्ति का अनुचित निजी लाभ हेतु दुपरुपयोग न हो। (This is more of an order, rather than a request. Also this type of sentence structure is less common in Hindi.).

A slightly different approach can also be taken:

अनुचित निजी लाभ हेतु कंपनी संपत्ति का उपयोग न किया जाए।
Or
अनुचित निजी लाभ हेतु कंपनी संपत्ति का उपयोग न करें।
Or
अनुचित निजी लाभ हेतु कंपनी संपत्ति का उपयोग नहीं होना चाहिए।

In the example the restrictriveness of "must not" is some where between that of "must" and "should" and the combination of होना and चाहिए expresses this adequately.
Selected response from:

Balasubramaniam L.
India
Local time: 02:48
Grading comment
Thanks Bala. You have solved this issue to a great extent.
4 KudoZ points were awarded for this answer



Summary of answers provided
4 +6होगा = must; चाहिए = should
Balasubramaniam L.
5 +1karnaa aavashyak hai-must, karni chaahiye-should
englishhindi
4Zaroor Chahiye aur Chahiye
Naseeruddin (X)


Discussion entries: 1





  

Answers


1 hr   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5 peer agreement (net): +6
होगा = must; चाहिए = should


Explanation:
In Hindi होगा signifies complusion, lack of option, just as must in English.

And चाहिए signifies the presence of options, just as should in English

Therefore, difference in the two can be expressed by using these सहायक क्रियाएं

आपको जाना चाहिए - You should go.
आपको जाना होगा - You must go.

You can calibrate the level of compulsion by using words like यदि, अवश्य, जरूर, ही, etc.

आपको अवश्य जाना चाहिए - you certainly must go
आपको जाना ही चाहिए - you have to go
आपका जाना जरूरी है - It is imperative for you to go.







--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 1 hr (2006-08-16 08:02:50 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

Regarding you specific examples:

You must help others: तुम्हें दूसरों की मदद करनी होगी
You should help others : तुम्हें दूसरों की मदद करनी चाहिए

Company property must not be used for improper personal benefit or any other improper purpose.

कंपनीसंपत्ति का अनुचित निजी लाभ हेतु दुपरुपयोग नहीं होना चाहिए।



--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 1 hr (2006-08-16 08:12:23 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

Other possibilities:

कंपनी संपत्ति का अनुचित निजी लाभ हेतु दुपरुपयोग न हो। (This is more of an order, rather than a request. Also this type of sentence structure is less common in Hindi.).

A slightly different approach can also be taken:

अनुचित निजी लाभ हेतु कंपनी संपत्ति का उपयोग न किया जाए।
Or
अनुचित निजी लाभ हेतु कंपनी संपत्ति का उपयोग न करें।
Or
अनुचित निजी लाभ हेतु कंपनी संपत्ति का उपयोग नहीं होना चाहिए।

In the example the restrictriveness of "must not" is some where between that of "must" and "should" and the combination of होना and चाहिए expresses this adequately.


Balasubramaniam L.
India
Local time: 02:48
Native speaker of: Native in HindiHindi
PRO pts in category: 51
Grading comment
Thanks Bala. You have solved this issue to a great extent.
Notes to answerer
Asker: Bala, thanks for your answer. Could you make any suggestion for the 'must' appearing in the longer sentence given by me?


Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
agree  satish krishna itikela
4 hrs
  -> Thank you.
agree  englishhindi
4 hrs
  -> Thank you.
agree  inforays
17 hrs
  -> Thank you.
agree  Arun Singh: I feel Bala is very near, to me "must" is an order, "should" a request.
22 hrs
  -> Thank you.
agree  Pundora: Also, कंपनी की संपत्ति का उपयोग किसी भी हाल में अनुचित व्यक्तिगत लाभ या किसी अन्य अनुचित उद्देश्य के लिए नहीं किया जाना चाहिए।
1 day 3 hrs
  -> Thank you.
agree  keshab
1 day 6 hrs
  -> Thank you.
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5 hrs   confidence: Answerer confidence 5/5 peer agreement (net): +1
karnaa aavashyak hai-must, karni chaahiye-should


Explanation:
must, even if translated in specific contexts as chaahiye, then also sense somtimes itself becomes clear according to the context.

englishhindi
Local time: 02:48
Native speaker of: Native in HindiHindi

Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
agree  Mrudula Tambe: This is also correct
23 hrs
  -> thank you so much
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7 hrs   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5
Zaroor Chahiye aur Chahiye


Explanation:
Indeed, a very good question. As you are aware that Hindi and Urdu are very similar languages if we see grammar and sentence construction/structure. In Urdu, we use to express 'Should' as 'Chahiye'. If we are to express 'Must', we add the term 'Zaroor, Lazmi or Lazman'. There are few more alternatives but all are like this. Since both the languages have very similarities, I think this can also be applied to Hindi language. For example:

You must go to school.
Tumhe school zaroor jana chahiye OR Tumhe school lazman jana chahiye. This can easily be applied in Hindi as well.

My colleague Balasubramaniam has given a very good answer with the example You must go. He is correct that we can translate this as Aapko Jana hoga. There is a little controversy on this because the back translation can also be given as You have to go. And this is widely used.

I hope this helps.

Naseeruddin (X)
Local time: 02:48
Native speaker of: Native in UrduUrdu, Native in HindiHindi
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