In addition to the symbol, there's a simple diagram: the check valve with its perforation (throttle) is in its seat; fluid flowing one way pushes it out of its seat, fluid flowing the other way pushes it into its seat. Normally this would close the valve but thanks to the perforation, a small flow is allowed in the other direction.
The diagram is similar to the one here:
http://valveproducts.net/check-valve/operation-principle-of-...except of course for the throttle, which indeed has a "braking" effect on the reverse flow.
Chris, yes, the valve in the diagram in your link with the parallel small bore at the side certainly has the same function.