Translation glossary: Sol gel process

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aerogelChemistry. The dispersion of a gas in a solid or liquid medium, such as foam; the reverse of an aerosol, where the medium is a gas and the dispersed 
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alcogelChemistry. A colloidal gel made with alcosol. 
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alcosolChemistry. A solution made with a mixture of a colloid and an alcohol. 
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antireflection coatingEngineering. Surface treatment with dielectric material to reduce the reflection of electromagnetic radiation while increasing light transmission. 
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azeotropic dryingChemistry. A method of removing water from a liquid at temperatures lower than 100°C; a second liquid that forms an azeotropic mixture with water i 
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capillarityFluid Mechanics. The general behavior of fluids acting with surface tension on interfaces or boundaries. 
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capillary dryingEngineering. The evaporation of moisture from the surface of a porous mass and the subsequent capillary movement of moisture from the interior of t 
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ceramicMaterials. 1. Of or relating to products, such as pottery, porcelain, or tile, that are made from nonmetallic mineral 2. an object made of such a 
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ceramic coatingMetallurgy. 1. The process of applying a layer of ceramic material, such as alumina, onto a metallic product in order to protect against extremely 
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coatingGraphic Arts. 1. any mineral substance used to cover the surface of a printing paper, such as blanc fixe or china clay. 2. the application of such 
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colloidPhysical Chemistry. 1. A substance consisting of very tiny particles that are usually between 1 nanometer and 1000 nanometers in diameter and that 
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colloidal instabilityMeteorology. A condition of clouds in which the particles tend to aggregate into masses large enough to precipitate. 
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colloidal particlePhysical Chemistry. Any of the individual particles of a colloid. 
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colloidal silicaMaterials. A colloid of fine particles of silica that are negatively charged by a small addition of alkali, forming a high-concentration solution t 
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colloidal suspensionPhysical Chemistry. A mixture of two substances, one of which (the colloid) is uniformly distributed throughout the other (the dispersion medium); 
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critical point dryingMicrobiology. A procedure used in preparing a specimen for electron microscopic examination, in which damage to the specimen during its drying step 
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dispersionA process of scattering or separating; specific uses include: 
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dryingChemistry. 1. The removal of most of the water from a substance (usually 92-95%), often through heat exposure. 2. the removal of solvents other th 
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drying agentChemistry. A substance having an affinity for water, used to dry fluid substances; a desiccant. 
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flash-dryingChemical Engineering. The quick evaporation of liquid from a granular or porous solid by a rapid reduction in pressure or an updraft of warm air. 
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freeze-dryingEngineering. A process in which food or tissue is preserved, by drying it in a frozen state under high vacuum conditions; used in preparing medicin 
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gelChemistry. 1. A colloidal suspension of a liquid in a solid, forming a jellylike material in a more solid form than a sol. 2. to form a gel. 
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gel pointPhysical Chemistry. The stage at which a liquid begins to take on the semisolid characteristics of a gel. 
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glass-ceramicMaterials. A predominantly crystalline product created by the controlled crystallization of glass; characterized by high thermal shock resistance a 
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hybridScience. Something that is heterogeneous; a composite. 
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hydrogelMaterials Science. A water-based gel; a gel whose liquid constituent is water. 
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hydrophilicChemistry. Having an affinity for water; attracting, dissolving in, or absorbing water. 
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hydrophobicChemistry. Relating to or being a hydrophobe; repelling water. 
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hydrosolChemistry. A colloidal dispersion in water; a sol whose dispersion medium is water. 
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ionic gelChemistry. A gel that contains ionic groups attached to the colloid structure, preventing the groups from diffusing out into a surrounding medium. 
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liquid-phase sinteringMaterials Science. The progressive fusion of a ceramic material during the firing process; as it proceeds the proportion of glassy bond increases a 
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monodisperse colloidal systemChemistry. A colloidal system having particles of the same size, interaction, and shape. 
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presinteringMetallurgy. In powder metallurgy, a preliminary sintering operation performed at a temperature lower than the final sintering temperature. 
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reaction sinteringMaterials Science. A process in which a compacted powder is heated to a temperature where sintering takes place simultaneously with a chemical reac 
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silica gelInorganic Chemistry. A colloidal, highly absorbent form of silicon dioxide; widely used as a dehumidifying and dehydrating agent and in many chemic 
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sinteringMaterials Science. The process in which fine particles of a material become chemically bonded at a temperature that is sufficient for atomic diffus 
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sol-gel coatingMaterials Science. A coating produced by the sol-gel process of glassmaking, in which glass is formed at low temperatures from suitable compounds b 
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spray-dryingMaterials Science. A ceramic processing used to create a uniform die fill for automated pressing; the slurry is fed into the spray drier, where cir 
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supercriticalThermodynamics. A condition in which a substance experiences a change in its pressure, temperature, or volume that would normally carry the system 
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surface tensionFluid Mechanics. The stretching force required to form a liquid film; equal to the surface energy of the liquid per unit length of the film at equi 
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thin filmElectronics. Any of several thin layers (generally less than 1 m each) of insulating, conducting, or semiconductor material that are deposited succ 
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vacuum dryingEngineering. The removal of liquid from a solid material while in a vacuum system, to lower the temperature at which evaporation takes place and th 
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xerogelChemistry. A gel from which all volatile liquid has been removed. 
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