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English to Spanish - Rates: 25.00 - 30.00 CLP per word Spanish to English - Rates: 25.00 - 30.00 CLP per word
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English to Spanish: CysB-dependent upregulation of the Salmonella Typhimurium cysJIH operon in response to antimicrobial compounds that induce oxidative stress. General field: Science Detailed field: Genetics
Source text - English It has been proposed that some antibiotics exert additional damage through reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Since H₂S protects neurons and cardiac muscle from oxidative stress, it has been hypothesized that bacterial H₂S might, similarly, be a cellular protector against antibiotics. In Enterobacteriaceae, H₂S can be produced by the cysJIH pathway, which uses sulfate as the sulfur source. CysB, in turn, is a positive regulator of cysJIH. At present, the role of S. Typhimurium cysJIH operon in the protection to reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by antimicrobial compounds remains to be elucidated. In this work, we evaluated the role of cysJIH and cysB in ROS accumulation, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, reduced thiol accumulation, and H₂S accumulation in S. Typhimurium, cultured in either sulfate or cysteine as the sole sulfur source. Furthermore, we assessed the effects of the addition of ceftriaxone (CEF) and menadione (MEN) in these same parameters. In sulfate as the sole sulfur source, we found that the cysJIH operon and the cysB gene were required to full growth in minimal media, independently on the addition of CEF or MEN. Most importantly, both cysJIH and cysB contributed to diminish ROS levels, increase the SOD activity, increase the reduced thiols, and increase the H₂S levels in presence of CEF or MEN. Moreover, the cysJIH operon exhibited a CysB-dependent upregulation in presence of these two antimicrobials compounds. On the other hand, when cysteine was used as the sole sulfur source, we found that cysJIH operon was completely negligible, were only cysB exhibited similar phenotypes than the described for sulfate as sulfur source. Unexpectedly, CysB downregulated cysJIH operon when cysteine was used instead of sulfate, suggesting a complex regulation of this system.
Translation - Spanish Se ha propuesto que algunos antibióticos ejercen un daño adicional a través de la producción de especies reactivas de oxígeno (ROS). Dado que el H₂S protege a las neuronas y al músculo cardíaco del estrés oxidativo, se ha formulado la hipótesis de que, el H₂S bacteriano podría de forma similar, ser un protector celular contra los antibióticos. En Enterobacteriaceae el H₂S puede producirse por la vía cysJIH, la cual utiliza sulfato como fuente de azufre. CysB, a su vez, es un regulador positivo de cysJIH. En la actualidad, el papel del operón cysJIH de S. Typhimurium en la protección contra especies reactivas de oxígeno (ROS) inducida por compuestos antimicrobianos aún no ha sido dilucidado. En este trabajo evaluamos el papel de cysJIH y cysB en la acumulación de ROS, la actividad superóxido dismutasa (SOD), la acumulación de tiol reducido y la acumulación de H₂S en S. Typhimurium cultivadas en sulfato o cisteína como única fuente de azufre. Además, evaluamos los efectos de la adición de ceftriaxona (CEF) y menadiona (MEN) en estos mismos parámetros. En sulfato como única fuente de azufre encontramos que el operón cysJIH y el gen cysB fueron requeridos para un crecimiento completo en medios mínimos, independientemente de la adición de CEF o MEN. Más importante aún, tanto cysJIH como cysB contribuyeron a disminuir los niveles de ROS, aumentar la actividad de SOD, aumentar los tioles reducidos y aumentar los niveles de H₂S en presencia de CEF o MEN. Adicionalmente, el operón cysJIH mostró una regulación positiva dependiente de CysB en presencia de estos dos compuestos antimicrobianos. Por otro lado, cuando se usó cisteína como única fuente de azufre, se encontró que el operón cysJIH era completamente despreciable, solo CysB exhibía fenotipos similares a aquellos descritos para el sulfato como fuente de azufre. Inesperadamente, CysB reguló negativamente al operón cysJIH cuando se utilizó cisteína en lugar de sulfato, lo que sugiere una regulación compleja de este sistema.
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Years of experience: 9. Registered at ProZ.com: Dec 2017.
I am a Translator and own a Master's Degree in Biochemistry. I have worked as a Translator for 5 years, translating and proofreading mostly scientific papers, general documents, thesis, websites and subtitling in Spanish and English. I offer great quality translations for a fare price.
