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Malay to English: Green Revolution General field: Social Sciences Detailed field: Advertising / Public Relations
Source text - Malay Sejak berlakunya Revolusi Hijau, penggunaan baja nitrogen meningkat bagi tujuan menambah produktiviti dan meningkatkan pengeluaran makanan.Dalam setiap makanan yang kita ambil pada hari ini - ayam, epal, bayam,lobak, nasi - kita memakan nitrogen. Tumbuhan, terutama sekali tanaman makanan tidak boleh hidup tanpa nitrogen yang tersedia dalam tanah. Kitaran nitrogen secara semula jadi membekalkan nitrogen dalam tanah untuk keperluan tanaman namun jumlah kedapatan nitrogen dalam tanah yang terhad menyebabkan petani tidak dapat menghasilkan pengeluaran yang tinggi; dan bekalan nitrogen dalam tanah akan kehabisan dengan tanaman secara insentif. Petani perlu menambah baja organik, menanam kekacang atau berpindah ke tanah yang lebih subur. Namun ketika lebih 100 tahun yang lalu, muncul inovasi teknikal yang mampu menghasilkan nitrogen sintetik dalam jumlah yang banyak dengan kos yang murah.
Penemuan penting oleh Fritz Haber dan Carl Bosch dari Jerman menyelesaikan masalah bekalan nitrogen semula jadi yang terhad dan menjadikan industri tanaman makanan berkembang pesat dengan memulakan industri baja nitrogen.
Lebih dari 60 tahun petani di seluruh dunia telah menggunakan nitrogen sintetik dalam bentuk ammonium nitrat dan urea. Pada harini ini, 90% unsur nitrogen yang digunakan dalam pertanian makanan datang dari urea. Nitrogen berjaya meningkatkan hasil tanaman dalam tempoh beberapa dekad sejak diperkenalkan.
Eutrofokasi merupakan masalah kehilangan oksigen terlarut dari sumber air seperti tasik, sungai mahupun laut yang diakibatkan oleh larian permukaan nitrogen ke dalam sumber air. Nitrogen akan menyebabkan pertumbuhan alga yang tinggi dan mengurangkan jumlah hidupan air seperti ikan kerana oksigen terlarut yang rendah. Air akan kelihatan berwarna hijau, merah atau perang akibat pertumbuhan alga meliputi permukaan air.
Translation - English Since the advent of the Green Revolution, the use of nitrogen fertilizer has increased in order to merge the productivity and food production. In every meal we consume today - chicken, apple, spinach, radish, rice - we eat nitrogen. Plants, especially food crops can not live without nitrogen presence in the soil. Nitrogen cycle naturally supplies nitrogen in the soil for the needs of plants but the amount of nitrogen found is limited causing the farmers unable to produce high yields; and the nitrogen supply in the soil will run out with plant incentives. Farmers need to added organic fertilizers, planting legumes or move to advance fertile soils. But over the past 100 years, there has been a technical innovation that is capable of producing a large amount of synthetic nitrogen at a lower cost.
An important discovery by Fritz Haber and Carl Bosch of Germany solves the problem of limited natural nitrogen supply and makes the food crop industry flourishing with the start of the nitrogen fertilizer industry.
Over 60 years farmers around the world have used the synthetic nitrogen in the form of ammonium nitrate and urea. Today, 90% of the nitrogen elements used in food farming come from urea. Nitrogen manages to increase crops over the decades since its establishment.
Eutrophication is a problem of dissolved oxygen loss from water sources such as lakes, rivers and oceans caused by nitrogen surface runoff into the water sources. Nitrogen will cause high algae growth and reduce the amount of aquatic life such as fish due to the low dissolved oxygen. The water will appear green, red or brown in colour due to the growth of algae covering the surface of the water.
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Years of experience: 7. Registered at ProZ.com: Oct 2018.
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