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Sample translations submitted: 3
French to English: Cross-border language (Langue transfrontalière) [Wikipedia] General field: Social Sciences Detailed field: Linguistics
Source text - French L’anglais est devenu langue internationale mondiale pour l’échange de biens et de services dans les hautes sphères économiques, il est devenu une langue transfrontalière à la suite de la conquête irlandaise puis nord-américaine. Si une langue n’est pas transfrontalière comme le vietnamien ou le japonais, elle a peu de chances d’être utilisée dans les échanges transfrontaliers, et son usage reste limité à l’intérieur même d’un pays. Une autre exception est celle du chinois, langue officielle dans trois pays, qui est une langue internationale mais pas transfrontalière. Singapour (qui compte 77 % de Chinois de souche) Taïwan et la Chine n'ont pas de continuité territoriale.
Les langues transfrontalières n'ont rarement aucun locuteur de langue maternelle dans la zone frontalière à l'exception des langues internationales. Le swahili est aussi une exception en soi ; bien que langue maternelle pour seulement 5 millions de personnes sur les côtes du Kenya et de la Tanzanie, il est utilisé comme lingua franca et langue transfrontalière sur 11 frontières et 55 millions de locuteurs. Le swahili est utilisé entre le Burundi et la République démocratique du Congo comme langue d'échange. Malgré son petit territoire et nombre de locuteurs unilingue maternel, cette langue s'est métissée avec l'arabe pour devenir la langue de communication entre les peuples.
Translation - English In the current global economy, English is a international language for the exchange of goods and services. It became a cross-border language following the conquests of the British Empire, notably with the establishment of the Canada-United States border and the partition of Ireland. Languages such as Vietnamese or Japanese, which are not cross-border languages, have little chance of being used in cross-border exchanges, and their use remains limited to the confines of one country. Another exception is Chinese, an official language in three sovereign states, which is an international language but not trans-border. Singapore (76% ethnic Chinese), Taiwan and China have no territorial continuity.
Cross-border languages rarely have no native speakers in the border regions, excepting international lingua francas. Swahili is one exception; although it is the native language of a mere 5 million people on the coasts of Kenya and Tanzania, it is used as a lingua franca and a cross-border language over 11 borders and with 55 million speakers. Swahili is used as a trade language between Burundi and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Despite its small territory and low number of monolingual native speakers, Swahili, particularly in contact with Arabic, became the language of choice for communication between various groups of people.
Spanish to English: Nibia Sabalsagaray [Wikipedia] General field: Social Sciences Detailed field: History
Source text - Spanish Hija de un obrero textil de la fábrica Campomar y Soulas, fue reconocida por compañeros y profesores como una alumna brillante. Cuenta el profesor Omar Moreira que "tan brillante era que faltando un profesor para el grupo de cuarto año, el Director del Liceo me pide un nombre para ocupar este puesto y yo le digo que para mí Nibia es la persona idónea pero existe un inconveniente, no tenía 18 años, de manera que el Consejo de Enseñanza Secundaria le da un permiso especial y ella es profesora de Literatura en Colonia Valdense a los 17 años". En 1968, ingresa al Instituto de Profesores Artigas a estudiar Literatura donde se destaca por su inteligencia, creatividad y compromiso social. Forma parte de la Agrupación gremial Renovación del Centro de estudiantes del IPA (CEIPA) e integra la Unión de la Juventud Comunista de Uruguay (UJC).
Translation - English The daughter of a textile worker at the Campomar y Soulas factory in Juan Lacaze, Sabalsagaray was recognized by classmates and professors alike as a brilliant student. Professor Omar Moreira recalled that “she was so brilliant that, when a teacher was needed for a fourth-year [sophomore] class, the high school principal asked me for a name for the position and I told him that for me Nibia was the ideal person, except there was an issue; she wasn’t yet 18, which meant that the Secondary Education Council gave her special permission and she became a literature teacher in Colonia Valdense at the age of 17”. In 1968, she began studying Literature at the Artigas Teachers’ Institute (IPA) in Montevideo where she stood out for her intelligence, creativity and social engagement. She was part of the labor-union group Renovation of the IPA Student Center (CEIPA) and joined the Union of Communist Youth (UJC) of Uruguay.
Catalan to English: Abortion in Kazakhstan (Avortament al Kazakhstan) [Wikipedia] General field: Social Sciences Detailed field: Social Science, Sociology, Ethics, etc.
Source text - Catalan El 1920 la Unió Soviètica legalitzà l'avortament induït per petició com a mesura temporal perquè en l'estat econòmic de crisi amb l'avortament legalitzat l'accés al servei no portaria problemes de salut. Al Kazakhstan, els natius kazakhs s'hi oposaren. Així, durant aquesta dècada, l'antiavortament va ser un corrent important dels kazakhs per tractar-se d'un reducte cultural que estava sent atacat pels oficials soviètics (típicament eslaus). Alhora els oficials soviètics aplaudien aquest corrent dels natius. A més, els metges avisaven del problema que per la salut de la dona suposa el realitzar-se molts avortaments. Els avortaments durant el període de legalitat no es van realitzar tal com van pensar els legisladors: les clíniques no reberen ajudes i la gent era obligada a pagar. A més, foren practicats especialment per les dones d'ètnia russa a la regió del Kazakhstan (soles el 0,002% dels avortaments induïts eren fets a dones kazakhs, especialment de zones llunyanes de la ruralitat).
Per als kazakhs l'avortament era tabú però així i tot sí que hi havia mètodes tradicionals practicats amb herbes abortives.
Translation - English In 1920, the Soviet Union legalized abortion upon request as a temporary measure, because in the state of economic crisis, legal abortions would be a necessary measure to ensure sanitary conditions. In Kazakhstan, the native Kazakhs were opposed. Over the following decade, anti-abortion would be an important current among Kazakhs, framed as a cultural bastion attacked by Soviet (generally Slavic) officials. Even during the period of legalization, Russian authorities applauded Kazakh resistance to abortion. Physicians warned that there were health risks associated with frequent resort to abortion. During the period when abortion was legal, it was not practiced as legislators had intended- clinics did not receive funding and patients were forced to pay. Abortions were mainly had by ethnic Russian women in the Kazakhstan region (a mere 0.002% of abortions were performed on ethnic Kazakh women, primarily in urban areas).
For Kazakhs, abortion was taboo, although there were traditional methods practiced involving herbal abortifacients.
A native British English speaker, my 5 years of experience living in and studying at university in Spain and France inform and inspire my work in translation.
I love to translate, particularly in the fields of travel, culture and the social sciences. My meticulous eye and curious mind are matched by my reliability and strong professional standards.