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English to Chinese - Rates: 0.34 - 0.36 CNY per word Chinese to English - Rates: 0.20 - 0.22 CNY per character Chinese - Rates: 0.12 - 0.14 CNY per character Japanese to Chinese - Rates: 0.18 - 0.20 CNY per character Chinese to Japanese - Rates: 0.20 - 0.22 CNY per character
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English to Chinese: 氩激光光凝术治疗小型睫状体脱离的长期结局 General field: Medical Detailed field: Medical: Instruments
Source text - English Long-term outcomes of argon laser
photocoagulation in small size cyclodialysis cleft
Jong Chul Han, Young Kyo Kwun, Seok Ho Cho and Changwon Kee*
Abstract
Background: To evaluate the long-term outcomes of Argon laser photocoagulation compared to surgical direct
cyclopexy in small-size cyclodialysis cleft patients.
Methods: This is a retrospective study. Small-size cyclodialysis cleft patients who underwent Argon laser
photocoagulation and surgical direct cyclopexy were reviewed. The mean follow-up period were 82.4 (range, 61 – 145)
months and 99.9 (range, 62 – 184) months in both groups. The comparison of best corrected visual acuity (BCVA),
intraocular pressure (IOP), postoperative peak IOP and time to normalization of IOP before and after the treatment.
Results: The causes of all included 15 cyclodialysis cleft cases were blunt trauma. seven patients underwent Argon laser
photocoagulation and eight patients underwent surgical direct cyclopexy. The mean age of included patients was not
significantly different (p = 0.38). Preoperatively, the mean logMAR BCVA (standard deviation, SD) was 0.7 (0.2) and 1.1 (0.9)
and mean IOP was 4.4 (2.4) mmHg and 3.0 (1.5) mmHg in Argon laser group and surgical direct cyclopexy group (p=0.24
and p = 0.18, respectively). The extension of cyclodialysis and duration of cyclodialysis cleft were not significantly different
between the two groups (p=0.08 and p = 0.24, respectively). The mean follow-up period were 82.4 (range, 61 – 145)
months and 99.9 (range, 62 – 184) months in both groups (p = 0.41). Postoperatively, the mean logMAR BCVA was 0.0 (0.1)
and 0.2 (0.3) and mean IOP was 14.5 (3.1) mmHg and 16.8 (2.5) mmHg (p=0.15 and p = 0.16, respectively). Postoperative
peak IOP and time to normalization of IOP were not different between the two groups (p=0.75 and p = 0.91, respectively).
Discussion: It is necessary to use invasive treatment such as cryotherapy or surgical direct cyclopexy in cyclodialysis cleft
with hypotonic maculopathy. In the present study, Argon laser photocoagulation showed good prognosis in a small-size
cyclodialysis cleft below 1.5 clock-hours. Considering possible complications and cost of surgical direct cyclopexy, Argon
laser can be more beneficial than surgical direct cyclopexy in small-size cyclodialysis cleft below 1.5 clock-hours.
Conclusions: The clinical ourcome of Argon laser photocoagulation seems to be as good as surgical direct cyclopexy in
small-size cyclodialysis cleft below 1.5 clock-hours.
Keywords: Argon laser photocoagulation, Cyclodialysis cleft, Outcomes, Prognosis
Background
Cyclodialysis cleft occurs when the ciliary body is detached
from the scleral spur. This is usually related to blunt
trauma or iatrogenic injury due to ophthalmic surgery. The
communication between the anterior chamber and the
suprachoroidal space can result in clinically significant
hypotony and its complications such as cataract or macular
edema [1]. Clinically, direct suture closure is usually used
for repair [2, 3]. However, several alternative methods for
closing a cyclodialysis cleft have been used, including
penetrating diathermy [4], Argon laser photocoagulation
[5], cryotherapy [6, 7], scleral buckling [8], and vitrectomy
with gas tamponade [9].
Laser photocoagulation using Argon laser has been used
as one of the treatment of choice for repair of cyclodialysis
cleft to avoid major intraocular surgeries [10]. Previously,
Argon laser photocoagulation in cyclodialysis cleft was
introduced by Joondpth [11]. He reported one small-size
cyclodialysis cleft case who recovered visual acuity and
intraocular pressure (IOP) after Argon laser photocoagulation
treatment twice. Harbin also reported that three
small-size cyclodialysis cleft patients treated by Argon laser
photocoagulation showed good prognosis [12]. However,the follow-up periods of the previous reports were relatively
short (2 months to 2 years), there are no long-term
outcomes of the Argon laser photocoagulation in smallsize
cyclodialysis cleft. Therefore, we intended to investigate
the long-term outcomes of Argon laser photocoagulation
compared to surgical direct cyclopexy in small-size cyclodialysis
cleft patients.
Methods
The present study was retrospective study approved by the
Institutional Review Board of Samsung Medical Center and
adhered to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki. The
medical charts of the traumatic cyclodialysis cleft patients
who visited Samsung Medical Center and underwent
Argon laser photocoagulation from January 1999 to
December 2008 were reviewed.
We included the patients with small-size cyclodialysis
cleft below the extent of 2 clock-hours. A single surgeon
(CK) performed all the Argon laser treatment and surgical
direct cyclopexy. All included patients with small-size cyclodialysis
cleft used atropine at least for 2 months at first. In
case the patients had no improvement of the symptoms of
cyclodialysis cleft such as persistent ocular hypotony with
decreased visual acuity or macula edema with medical
treatment, they underwent Argon laser photocoagulation or
surgical direct cyclopexy. The decision which methods the
patient would undergo was made by the patient after
explaining the strength and weakness of the each treatment.
We only included the cases with medical records over five
years after the treatment. The cases with severe ocular complications
such as scleral laceration and choroidal rupture
were excluded. The treatments were fully explained to each
patient, and each provided written informed consent.
All patients underwent routine ophthalmologic examinations
including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), slitlamp
examination, Goldmann applanation tonometry and
fundus photo. Gonioscopic examination and ultrasound
biomicroscopy (UBM) (Fig. 1a and b) were used in all patients
for confirmation of the location and extent of cyclodialysis
cleft before laser treatment. After the treatment,
the patients underwent ophthalmologic examinations such
as BCVA, Goldmann applanation tonometry, gonioscopic
examination and fundus examination at 1 week, 1 month
and 3 months, and every 6 month. UBM was performed
at 3 month after the treatment. Follow-up period was
regarded as the duration between initial visit and last visit
to outpatient clinic for cyclodialysis cleft. Duration of
cyclodialysis cleft before treatment (DOC), postoperative
maximum IOP and time to IOP normalization (TNP) were
evaluated. Normalized IOP was defined as the IOP between
10 and 21 mmHg.
Translation - Chinese 氩激光光凝术治疗小型睫状体脱离的长期结局
Jong Chul Han，Young Kyo Kwun，Seok Ho Cho和Changwon Kee *
所有患者接受例行眼科检查，包括最佳矫正视力（BCVA）、裂隙灯检查、Goldmann压平式眼压测量和眼底照片。对所有患者施用前房角镜检查和超声生物显微镜（UBM）（图1a和b），以便在激光治疗前确认睫状体脱离的部位和范围。治疗后，患者在1周、1个月和3个月及每6个月时接受BCVA、GOldmann压平式眼压测量、前房角镜检查和眼底检查等眼科检查。治疗后实施UBM检查。随访期是指因睫状体脱离到门诊诊所初次就诊和末次就诊之间的持续时间。评估治疗前睫状体脱离持续时间（DPC）、术后最大IOP和IOP正常化时间（TNP）。正常化IOP被定义为介于10和21 mm Hg之间的IOP。
Japanese to Chinese: 物 理 General field: Science Detailed field: Other
① 陰極線の正体は正に帯電した粒子（陽イオン）の流れである。
② 絹の布でガラス棒をこするとガラス棒から絹の布に電子が移動する。その結果，ガラス某は負に帯電し，絹の布は正に帯電する。
③ 負に帯電したエボナイト棒を小さな紙片に近づけると，紙片がエボナイト棒に引き寄せられる。これは，エボナイト棒を近づけると紙片全体が正に帯電するからである。
④ 金属の電気抵抗の値は金属の温度が高いほど大きくなる。
B 図2のように，温度調節器Hを底面に取り付けた円筒容器を水平な床の上に置く。円筒容器内には，気密でなめらかに動くピストンによって，気体が閉じ込められている。円筒容器およびピストンは断熱材でできているが，気体は温度調節器Hとの間で熱のやり取り（吸収・放出）をすることができる。ピストンの断面積をS〔〕，大気圧をP0〔Pa〕とする。
はじめ，円筒容器内の気体の圧力はP0〔Pa〕，絶対温度はT0〔K〕である。この状態から，気体の絶対温度をT0〔K〕に保ちながらピストンに鉛直下向きの外力を加え，気体の体積をはじめの半分に圧縮した。
① 気体は温度調節器Hとの間で熱のやり取りをせず、気体の内部エネルギーは変化しない。
② 気体は温度調節器Hとの間で熱のやり取りをせず、気体の内部エネルギーは増加する。
③ 気体は温度調節器Hに熱を放出し，気体の内部エネルギーは変化しない。
④ 気体は温度調節器Hに熱を放出し，気体の内部エネルギーは減少する。
第4問 次の文章（A・B）を読み，下の問い（問1～5）に答えよ。
A 軸上に，互いにばねで連結された小球が並べられている。小球の質量，ばねのばね定数と自然長はすべて等しい。図1-Aは，すべての小球が静止しているつり合いの状態を示しており，このときの小球aの位置を 軸の原点Oにとる。一方，図1-Bは各小球が 軸に沿って振動することによって生じた縦波（疎密波）が， 軸の正の向きに伝わっている様子をある時刻について示したものである。
C D
① 箭头方向相同的电流方向。 箭头方向相同的电流方向。
② 箭头方向相同的电流方向。 箭头方向相反的电流方向。
③ 箭头方向相反的电流方向。 箭头方向相同的电流方向。
④ 箭头方向相反的电流方向。 箭头方向相反的电流方向。
第2题、 阅读下面（A、B）的文字，回答以下的问题（问题１～６）。
A 、 如图1所示，事先准备了2个小物体P和Q。在时间时，小物体P从水平方向向右以初速度在同一时刻，小物体Q沿垂直方向以初速度落下。时间时，从小物体P处看到小物体Q位于水平距离为，垂直高度为的位置。对于小物体P，其在水平方向的运动可以看作速度匀速直线运动，在垂直方向的运动可以看作加速度为重力加速度的自由落体运动。小物体P和小物体Q在下落到地面之前，当时间时，在空中发生相撞。空气的阻力忽略不计。
Translation - Japanese POWERING THE WORLD OF WORK IS HUMANLY POSSIBLE
Permanent Recruitment
Contract Staffing
Workforce experts in Talent-driven needs
Training and Talent Assessment
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We have a small translation group which include 5 freelancer (2 English-Chinese translator(include me),2 Japanese-Chinese translator，1 English-Japanese translator).
We have worked together for over 10 years, and during these years we have translated lots of documents, meanly related to the IT industry, legal contracts, medical devices and software. The total number of translated words is more than 50 million.
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