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Sample translations submitted: 2
Chinese to English: 网光伏电站数学模型
Source text - Chinese 关于并网光伏电站数学模型的研究，国外文献提出了多种不同的方案。可归纳为独立核心器件建模[1-4]及整体系统建模[5-8]两种。独立核心器件建模是以光伏发电系统中逆变器为核心，将逆变器两侧元件按照逆变器拓扑结构的要求进行化简而得到等值模型的一种方法。该建模方法缺乏整体协调性，不能全面地反映光伏发电系统各部分的动态特性。关于整体系统建模方案，目前可归纳为三种：（1）等效二端口网络模型[5]；（2）简化等值电路模型[6,7]；（3）受控源模型[8]。文献[5]以无损二端口特性为基础，推导出采用buck-boost电路的DC/DC变流器和推挽式逆变器的并网型光伏系统的等效无损二端口网络模型。并将该无损模型推广至有损模型，并以占空比为控制变量，提出了一套能表征该结构的并网型光伏发电系统的等效有损二端口网络模型。该方法对于各器件效率的评估过于粗略，不能较好地反映损耗的变化，影响了建模的准确度。
Translation - English Regarding the research on mathematical models of grid-connected photovoltaic power station, there have been many different schemes in foreign literatures, and all come down to two points – separate key device modeling [1-4] and integrated system modeling [5-8]. The previous modeling uses the inverter in a photovoltaic generation system as its core to simplify devices at the two sides of the inverter into an equivalent model following the requirements of topology frame. This approach lacks coordination and fails to reflect dynamic characteristics of each part in the system comprehensively. As for integrated system modeling schemes, it can be divided into three catalogues: (1) equivalent two-port network model [5]; (2) simplified equivalent circuit model [6, 7]; (3) controlled source model [8]. Basing on lossless two-port properties, the equivalent lossless two-port network model of a photovoltaic generation system using DC/DC converter of buck-boost circuit and push-pull inverter is derived from documents[5]. By extending the lossless model to the lossy model, using the duty ratio as control variable, a set of equivalent lossy two-port network model representing this kind of grid-connected photovoltaic generation system is brought up. The performance evaluation of parts is too simple in this approach to reflect the change of loss, which affects the accuracy of an model.
English to Chinese: Articles of Association of companyTictacti 有限责任公司章程
Source text - English Articles of Association of company（named: tictacti ltd）
1. For purposes of computing minimum shareholdings required for any purposes under these Articles, each Shareholder shall be entitled to aggregate its holdings in the Company with the holdings of any of its Permitted Transferees, and the aggregate holdings shall be considered to be held by such Shareholder and its Permitted Transferees.
2. Any Amendment of these Articles may be affected by a simple majority vote (on an as converted basis) at a General Meeting of the Company, which is convened in accordance with the procedures set forth in these Articles.
Limitations
3. The following limitations shall apply to the Company:
3.1. tthe number of Shareholders at any time (excluding employees and former employees of the Company who have been Shareholders during their employment and remain Shareholders after termination of their employment with the Company) shall not exceed 50; provided, however, that if two or more individuals hold a share or shares of the Company jointly, they shall be deemed to be one Shareholder for purposes of these Articles; and
3.2. an offer to thet public to subscribe for shares or debentures of the Company is prohibited.
Capital
4. The authorized share capital of the Company is one thousand New Israeli Shekels (NIS 1,000) divided into 10,000,000 (Ten Million) Ordinary Shares.
5. The Ordinary Shares shall rank pari passu between them and shall entitle their holders:
5.1. to receive notices of, and to attend, General Meetings where each Ordinary Share shall have one vote for all purposes;
5.2. to share, on a per share pro rata basis, in Bonus Shares, bonuses, profits or Distributions as may be declared by the Board and approved by the Shareholders, if required, out of funds legally available therefor; and
5.3. upon liquidation or dissolution - to participate in the distribution of the assets of the Company legally available for distribution to Shareholders after payment of all debts and other liabilities of the Company (in each case, proportionally to the number of Ordinary Shares outstanding and the amounts paid by Shareholders on account of their Shares, if not paid in full, before calls for payment were made).
Shares; Pre-emptive Rights
1. Subject to the provisions of these Articles, the unissued shares of the Company shall be at the disposal of the Board who may offer, allot, grant options or otherwise dispose of shares to such Persons, at such times and upon such terms and conditions as the Company may by resolution of the Board determine.
2. The Company may issue shares having the same rights as the existing shares, or having preferred or deferred rights, or rights of redemption, or restricted rights, or any other special right in respect of dividend distributions, voting, appointment or dismissal of directors, return of share capital, distribution of Company's property, or otherwise, all as determined by the Company from time to time, subject to the provisions of these Articles. The Company may convert any part of the issued shares to deferred shares.
3. Subject to the provisions of the Companies Law and these Articles, the Company may issue redeemable shares and redeem them.
4. Until the closing of an IPO, each Founder and Shareholder who holds at least 3% (three percent) of the issued and outstanding share capital of the Company (an "Offeree") shall have the right to participate in any issuance of New Securities by the Company at the offering price as follows:
Translation - Chinese Articles of Association of company（named: tictacti ltd）
Tictacti 有限责任公司章程
1. For purposes of computing minimum shareholdings required for any purposes under these Articles, each Shareholder shall be entitled to aggregate its holdings in the Company with the holdings of any of its Permitted Transferees, and the aggregate holdings shall be considered to be held by such Shareholder and its Permitted Transferees.
为了计算章程中各条款要求的最小持股数额，股东有权合计他在公司和承认受让人的总控股额。该总控股额应被承认是该股东以及他的承认受让人的持股。
2. Any Amendment of these Articles may be affected by a simple majority vote (on an as converted basis) at a General Meeting of the Company, which is convened in accordance with the procedures set forth in these Articles.
股东大会可对公司章程的任何修订通过（在折算基础上的）简单多数投票进行决议。股东大会应按照公司章程的规定程序进行。
Limitations限制
3. The following limitations shall apply to the Company:
公司受到下述限制：
3.1. the number of Shareholders at any time (excluding employees and former employees of the Company who have been Shareholders during their employment and remain Shareholders after termination of their employment with the Company) shall not exceed 50; provided, however, that if two or more individuals hold a share or shares of the Company jointly, they shall be deemed to be one Shareholder for purposes of these Articles; and
股东人数（不包在职员工和在职期间任股东解除劳动合同后仍任股东的前员工）不得超过50；在此公司章程下，若两个或两个以上的个人共同持有公司同一份或多份股额时，股东计算为一人。
3.2. an offer to thet public to subscribe for shares or debentures of the Company is prohibited.
禁止公开发行股份和债券。
Capital资金
4. The authorized share capital of the Company is one thousand New Israeli Shekels (NIS 1,000) divided into 10,000,000 (Ten Million) Ordinary Shares.
公司授权股本为1000以色列新克尔除以10，000，000(一千万)份普通股
5. The Ordinary Shares shall rank pari passu between them and shall entitle their holders:
所有普通股处相同地位，普通股股东有以下权利：
5.1. to receive notices of, and to attend, General Meetings where each Ordinary Share shall have one vote for all purposes;
有权收到通知且出席股东大会，对会上所有事宜具有投票权，每持有一份普通股就享有一个投票权
5.2. to share, on a per share pro rata basis, in Bonus Shares, bonuses, profits or Distributions as may be declared by the Board and approved by the Shareholders, if required, out of funds legally available therefor; and
以每股为单位计算，有权凭其所持有的股份，如有要求，从合法可分配基金中，分配公司红股，红利，盈利或可供投资者分配的利润，所有分配都必须由董事会公布，经股东批准。
5.3. upon liquidation or dissolution - to participate in the distribution of the assets of the Company legally available for distribution to Shareholders after payment of all debts and other liabilities of the Company (in each case, proportionally to the number of Ordinary Shares outstanding and the amounts paid by Shareholders on account of their Shares, if not paid in full, before calls for payment were made).
公司清算或解散时，在公司偿还所有债务后，有权参加公司合法可分配资产的分配（无论是清算还是解散，分配基础都是以已发行普通股和股东，若未全额支付，在要求付款前的为所持股份付的资金按比例进行。）
Shares; Pre-emptive Rights 股份和优先购买权
1. Subject to the provisions of these Articles, the unissued shares of the Company shall be at the disposal of the Board who may offer, allot, grant options or otherwise dispose of shares to such Persons, at such times and upon such terms and conditions as the Company may by resolution of the Board determine.
依照此章程规定，所有未发行股份应由董事会处置，董事会可在其认为适当的时间，按其认为适当的条件，将股份分配、允以期权给或以其他方式处置给其认为适当的人
2. The Company may issue shares having the same rights as the existing shares, or having preferred or deferred rights, or rights of redemption, or restricted rights, or any other special right in respect of dividend distributions, voting, appointment or dismissal of directors, return of share capital, distribution of Company's property, or otherwise, all as determined by the Company from time to time, subject to the provisions of these Articles. The Company may convert any part of the issued shares to deferred shares.
根据此章程规定，公司可发行股票，所发行的股票可附有按公司通常决议所决定的有关股息分配、投票、理事的任免，股份资本利润、公司资产分配或其他事项的同等，优先、延期、赎回，制约或其他特殊权利。公司可将已发行的股份的任何部分改为延期股。
3. Subject to the provisions of the Companies Law and these Articles, the Company may issue redeemable shares and redeem them.
根据公司法和此章程规定，公司可发行偿还股并可赎回这些股份。
4. Until the closing of an IPO, each Founder and Shareholder who holds at least 3% (three percent) of the issued and outstanding share capital of the Company (an "Offeree") shall have the right to participate in any issuance of New Securities by the Company at the offering price as follows:
IPO(首次公开发行股票)收盘前，每个持股占已发行和流通在外股份资本3%的公司设立者和股东（即受股人）有权参加公司任何新的有价证券的发行和报价
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Years of experience: 20. Registered at ProZ.com: Aug 2008.
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