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English to Swedish: Horsebreeding (a short extract)
Source text - English The true placenta undergoes progressive development, becoming increasingly substantial, until between Days 50 and 60 it develops the fine, velvety surface we recognise when it is expelled at birth. But, before describing the structure of this membrane and its relationship with the uterine wall, we must first consider the endometrial cups, a development in pregnancy unique to the horse family. The cups, as their name suggests, are on the inside (endo-) of the uterus (-metrium). They are saucerlike craters appearing about the 36th day of pregnancy, situated in a ring around the junction of the uterine horn and body, on the side where the foetal sac (blastocyst) has taken its position.
The cups begin as fresh active tissue but by the 90th day they are becoming bown and degenerate. Their active life span is thus about fifty days. For many years the cups have been recognised as a source of a pregnancy hormone PMSG. This is present, in large quantities in the mare's blood stream between ablut Day 40 and Day 110 of pregnancy, forming the basis of the blood pregnancy test.
It was not until the early 1970s that Canbridge scientists led by Dr W. R. (Twink) Allen discovered that the origin of the PMSG hormone was in foetal and not, as previously assumed, maternal cells. The foetal cells burrow into the uterine wall om the 35th day of pregnancy, crossing from a girdle of tissue on the surface of the developing placenta. They remain in the uterine wall until rejecte by an immunological reaction similar to that provoked by cells and other matter which is foreign to the body; and, of course, the foetal cells are foreign to the maternal tissues. However, this rejection occurs only after a fairly lengthy period in wich the foetal cells remain healthy and actively secreting hormone.
Translation - Swedish Den verkliga placentan utvecklar sig efterhand, och blir mer och mer substiantiell tills den mellan 50:e och 60:e dygnet utvecklar den fina sammetslena yta som vi ser när den kommer ut vid förlossningen.
Men innan vi beskriver strukturen på denna membran och dess förhållande till livmoderväggen, måste vi först ta en titt på 'endometrial cups' - en utveckling under dräktigheten som är unik för hästsläktet.
Skålarna är som namnet antyder på insidan (endo-) av uterus (-metrium). De utgörs av tefatsliknande kratrar som visar sig på 36:e dygnet av dräktigheten och ligger i en ring runt sammanfogningen av livmoderhornet och livmoderkroppen, på den sida där fosterblåsan (blastocysten) har placerat sig.
Skålarna börjar som frisk aktiv vävnad, men på 90:e dygnet börjar de bli bruna och degenerera. Deras aktiva liv omfattar alltså ca 50 dagar. Sedan länge har man förstått att skålarna är källan till ett dräktighetshormon PMSG. Detta hormon finns i stoets blodbanor i stora mängder mellan ca 40:e och 110:e dygnet på dräktigheten. Dräktighetsundersökning via blodprov baseras på haltbestämning av PMSG.
Det var inte förrän tidigt på 1970-talet som vetenskapsmän i Cambridge, ledda av dr W. R. (Twink) Allen, upptäckte att PMSG-hormonets ursprung fanns i fostrets celler, och inte som man tidigare trott i moderns celler. Fostrets celller borrar sig in i livmoderväggen på 35:e dygnet av dräktigheten och kommer från ett bälte av vävnader på placentans yta. De finns kvar i livmoderväggen tills de stöts bort genom en immunologisk reaktion som liknar den som framkallas av celler och andra ämnen som är främmande för kroppen. Naturligtvis är fostrets celler främmande för moderns vävnader. Denna avstötning sker emellertid först efter en ganska lång period under vilken fostrets celler förblir friska och aktivt utsöndrar hormon.
My mother tongue is Danish, and I am in daily contact with the language, although I have lived in Sweden for 38 years now. I have a Swedish MA in language teaching (English, German and French) and I have worked as a teacher for 23 years. Last year I decided to start as a freelance translator, and since then I have translated a wide variety of texts from Danish, Swedish and English into Swedish, English and Danish. I also have some previous experience as I translated 4 books from German and one from English into Swedish between 1986 and 1994.
Keywords: Swedish, Danish, English, German, French, animals, medicine, pharmaceuticals, invitations to tender, EU texts
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