... or 'measurement of axial force under abuse conditions

As your text says 'bis zum Ausfall zu ermitteln', this sounds like destructive testing ('bis zum Ausfall' means 'until failure', and with a mechanical part this usually means breakage). It thus seems unlikely that this would be part of routine factory inspection -- more likely as part of product qualification.

An abuse test involves intentionally applying a force or load to a device that exceeds the normal or specified value in order to see 'how much it can take', and in the case of the test described here, how much force must be applied to cause failure of the device. Among other things, this gives an idea of how much safety margin there is in normal use.

sample refs:

Example topics included in this GM E collection include: front and rear wheel hubs, roll geometry of a passenger car wheel suspension, wheel and axle rates, suspension geometry, tire function test, tread noises, steering response, vehicle handling under wet road conditions, winter conditions, measurement of braking distance, abuse test of front suspension, high speed test, brake chatter and pulsation, steering effort, steering wheel torsional vibrations, and parking brake.
http://auto.ihs.com/collections/gme/es132.htm

Suspension Abuse Test Simulation
it is difficult to consider the exact damping force. On the other hand, the abuse test simulation implies the virtual reconstruction of the extreme ...
210.91.70.202/msccon/kor/2004/pdf/hun_kkt.pdf

IEC 60601-1 / UL 2601-1 TEST CHECKLIST
Impact Test can be waived if UL mechanical abuse test conducted (1/13.5 x energy of UL ball drop). [Force Gauge, Impact hammer or UL Ball] ...
www.mecassociates.us/601tests.pdf