 Member since May '08
Working languages: Italian to Bulgarian
English to Bulgarian
|    vstoycheva
Experienced and reliable
Sofiya-Grad Local time: 16:08 EET (GMT+2)
Native in: Bulgarian  | | |
| Freelancer and outsourcer | | Translation, Editing/proofreading, Voiceover (dubbing) | | Specializes in: | | Automotive / Cars & Trucks | Biology (-tech,-chem,micro-) | | Livestock / Animal Husbandry | Medical: Cardiology | | Medical: Pharmaceuticals | Medical: Health Care | | Medical (general) | Zoology | | Genetics |
| Also works in: | | Accounting | Furniture / Household Appliances | | Forestry / Wood / Timber | Food & Dairy | | Finance (general) | Economics | | Cosmetics, Beauty | Cooking / Culinary | | Law: Contract(s) | Chemistry; Chem Sci/Eng | | Business/Commerce (general) | Botany | | Art, Arts & Crafts, Painting | Agriculture | | Advertising / Public Relations | Tourism & Travel | | Science (general) | Marketing / Market Research | | Management | Certificates, Diplomas, Licenses, CVs | | History | Real Estate | | Poetry & Literature | Sports / Fitness / Recreation | | Textiles / Clothing / Fashion | Geography | | Folklore | Fisheries | | Environment & Ecology |
More Less | | PRO-level points: 75, Questions answered: 42, Questions asked: 48 | Sample translations submitted: 1 | English to Bulgarian: Pharmaceutical translation | Source text - English
PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
Penethamate hydriodide is a prodrug which releases benzylpenicillin quantitatively at hydrolysis.
In aqueous solution penethamate is hydrolysed to form benzylpenicillin and diethylaminoethanol.
Its mode of action is by prevention of cell wall synthesis during bacterial cell growth and is primarily bactericidal.
5.2 Pharmacokinetic particulars
Penethamate hydriodide is a diethylaminoethyl ester of penicillin which, unlike salts of penicillin, is unionised and so exists in a neutral state. It is only weakly water soluble (1% at 20°C) and so forms a suspension in an aqueous environment.
After intramuscular administration, the drug is rapidly absorbed from the site of injection and on entering the blood, penethamate partially dissociates by hydrolysis into penicillin G and diethylaminoethanol.
At the blood pH (7.2), equilibrium is established where 91.8% of the active drug is present in its hydrolysed form (penicillin G) with the remainder persisting as penethamate.
As penethamate leaves the circulation due to its neutral and lipophilic properties and its high affinity to milk, this equilibrium is maintained by re-association of penicillin G and diethylaminoethanol until excretion is complete.
Peak serum levels (measured as dissociated penicillin G) are rapidly reached, 3.76 hours after injection.
Penethamate starts to dissociate as it passes over the blood-milk barrier and this continues during diffusion of the drug through the udder, releasing increasing quantities of penicillin G. The penicillin G is rapidly ionised in the udder (pKa = 2.8) so limiting its return to the circulation.
| Translation - Bulgarian
ФАРМАКОЛОГИЧНИ ОСОБЕНОСТИ
Пенетамат хидройодид е пролекарство, което при хидролиза освобождава количествено бензилпеницилин.
Във воден разтвор пенетаматът се хидролизира до бензилпеницилин и диетиламиноетанол.
Начинът му на действие е чрез предотвратяване синтеза на клетъчната стена по време на растежа на бактериалната клетка и е предимно бактерициден.
5.2 Фармакокинетика
Пенетамат хидройодид е диетиламиноетилов естер на пеницилина, който, за разлика от солите на пеницилина, е неойонизиран и така съществува в неутрално състояние. Той е слабо разтворим във вода (1% при 20°C) и по този начин образува суспензия във водна среда.
След интрамускулно приложение лекарството бързо се абсорбира на мястото на инжектиране и при навлизане в кръвта пенетаматът частично се разпада чрез хидролиза до пеницилин G и диетиламиноетанол.
При pH на кръвта (7.2) се установява равновесие, когато 91.8% от активното лекарство присъства в неговата хидролизирана форма (пеницилин G) с остатъци във вид на пенетамат.
След като пенетаматът напусне кръвообращението поради неговите неутрални и липофилни свойства и високият му афинитет към млякото, това равновесие се поддържа от повторно свързване на пеницилин G и диетиламиноетанола до пълната екскреция.
Пиковите серумни нива (измерени като дисоцииран пеницилин G) се достигат бързо, 3.76 часа след инжектиране.
Пенетаматът започва да се разпада при преминаване на кръвно-млечната бариера, освобождавайки нарастващи количества пеницилин G и това продължава и по време на разпространението на лекарството във вимето. Пеницилин G бързо се йонозира във вимето (pKa = 2.8) като по този начин се възпрепятства връщането му в кръвообращението.
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More Less | | Other | | Years of translation experience: 8. Registered at ProZ.com: Nov 2007. Became a member: May 2008. | | N/A | | N/A | | Adobe Acrobat, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Word, Powerpoint, SDL TRADOS, SDLX | | English (DOC) | | vstoycheva endorses ProZ.com's Professional Guidelines (v1.0). | | About me Professional experience:
I have over 8 years of experience as translator in diverse areas.
Fields of expertise:
motoring, automotive industry, medicine, pharmaceutics, veterinary medicine, animals, biology, chemistry, translations of documents and certificates.
Background:
Master of Veterinary medicine, 2000.
Master of Management, 2005.
Other information:
Wide experience in the automotive industry (over 9 years).
* * *
Esperienza professionale:
Piu di 8 anni di esperienza come traduttrice.
Aree di specializzazione:
automobilismo, industria automobilistica, medicina, pharmaceutica, medicina veterinaria, animali, biologia, chimica, traduzioni di documenti e certificati.
Istruzione:
Laureata in Medicina veterinaria, 2000.
Laureata in Management, 2005.
Altrа informazione:
Vasta esperienza nel settore automobilistico (piu di 9 anni).
* * *
Професионален опит:
Опит като преводач - над 8 години.
Области на специализация:
автомобилизъм, автомобилна индустрия, медицина, фармация, ветеринарна медицина, животни, биология, химия, преводи на документи и удостоверения.
Образование:
Магистър по Ветеринарна медицина, 2000 г.
Магистър по Стопанско управление, 2005 г.
Друга информация:
Значителен опит в автомобилния бизнес (над 9 години)
| This user has earned KudoZ points by helping other translators with PRO-level terms. Click point total(s) to see term translations provided.
Total pts earned: 83
PRO-level pts: 75
| | Top languages (PRO) | | English to Bulgarian | 50 | | Italian to Bulgarian | 11 | | Bulgarian to English | 10 | | Italian to Norwegian | 4 | | Top general fields (PRO) | | Medical | 24 | | Other | 19 | | Science | 16 | | Tech/Engineering | 10 | | Bus/Financial | 6 | | Top specific fields (PRO) | | Medical (general) | 12 | | Medical: Cardiology | 8 | | Zoology | 8 | | Automotive / Cars & Trucks | 6 | | Cosmetics, Beauty | 4 | | Economics | 4 | | Environment & Ecology | 4 | | Pts in 8 more flds > |
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