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Bone is a living, growing tissue that turns over at a rate of about 10% a year. Throughout your lifetime, old bone is constantly being removed (resorption) and replaced by new bone (formation). During early childhood and in the teenage years, new bone is added faster than old bone is removed. As a result, bones become larger, heavier, and denser. Bone formation happens faster than bone resorption until you reach your peak bone mass (maximum bone density and strength), around age 24. After age 24, bone resorption slowly begins to happen faster than bone formation. Bone loss is most rapid in women in the first few years after menopause but continues into the postmenopausal years.
Bone markers are signs of the bone turnover process. Bone resorption markers can be measured in blood or urine. Bone formation markers are measured in blood. Most often, bone markers are used to monitor therapy for bone disease and to help your doctor determine if your body is responding to treatment.