(ii) a characterizing portion - preceded by the words "characterized in that," "characterized by," "wherein the improvement comprises," or any other words to the same effect - stating concisely the technical features which, in combination with the features stated under (i), it is desired to protect.

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Note added at 1 hr (2011-11-06 15:57:45 GMT)
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http://osdir.com/patents/Organic-compounds/2-phenylbenzimida...

Claims:
1. Process for the preparation of 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulphonic acid, comprising reacting 3,4-diaminobenzenesulphonic acid at a pH between 4 and 7 in aqueous solution with 0.9 to 1.5 mol of benzaldehyde per mole of 3,4-diaminobenzenesulphonic acid and with 1.0 to 3.0 mol of SO2 per mole of 3,4-diaminobenzenesulphonic acid, or an agent which comprises 1.0 to 3.0 mol of SO2 per mole of 3.4-diaminobenzenesulphonic acid, wherein the agent is alkali metal salts selected from the group consisting of Na2HSO3, Na2S2O5 and Na2SO3.
2. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that 3,4-diaminobenzenesulphonic acid obtained by sulphonation of 1,2-diaminobenzene is used.
3. ...

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Note added at 15 hrs (2011-11-07 05:44:49 GMT)
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通常，"characterized in that …" 和 "wherein ..." 后面跟的是从句，而 "characterized by …" 后面跟的不是从句，而是词组，例如：
http://www.google.com/patents/about/RE34480_Naphthalocyanine...
2. A naphthalocyanine compound as claimed in claim 1, characterized by being tetra-tert-amylvanadylnaphthalocyanine.
3. A naphthalocyanine compound as claimed in claim 1, characterized by being copper tetra-tert-amylnaphthalocyanine.
…