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Sample translations submitted: 3
Russian to English: Bakhtin chronotope academic article General field: Art/Literary Detailed field: Poetry & Literature
Source text - Russian Russian original
Категория времени и пространства, хронотопа, является категорией универсальной. Можно сказать, что каждый человек определяет себя, соотнося с понятиями времени и пространства. И не только для человека, но и для самоопределения народа в целом понятие хронотоп имеет определяющее значение. Стоит лишь нам вспомнить историю человечества, историю нашего народа, чтобы понять это. Художественная литература – это есть своеобразное художественное переосмысление истории человечества в целом и личности в отдельности, поэтому нельзя не согласиться с М.Бахтиным, который определил значимость хронотопа в художественном произведении, предлагая анализировать время и пространство во взаимодействии, для создания целостной картины мира в сознании человека: «слияние пространственных и временных примет в осмысленном и конкретном целом. Время здесь сгущается, уплотняется, становится художественно-зримым; пространство же интенсифицируется, втягивается в движение времени, сюжета, истории. Приметы времени раскрываются в пространстве, и пространство осмысливается и измеряется временем». Хронотоп, перефразируя метафору М.Бахтина, можно охарактеризовать как художественный образ места и времени. Хронотоп является универсальной категорией, которая определяет художественное единство литературного произведения в его отношении к реальной действительности.
Однако следует учесть, что лингвисты расширяют понятие хронотопа М. Бахтина, добавляя в него такие понятия, как «хронотоп наблюдателя», «точка зрения интерпретатора-наблюдателя», «перспектива», «ментальная функция наблюдения, «ментальные миры», «минус-пространство» и др. Таким образом, исследование времени и пространства в художественном произведении может быть многоаспектным, оно помогает определить и идейно-художественной своеобразие произведения, и особенности мировоззрения героев, и особенности сюжетно-композиционного построения художественного текста.
Рассказ А.П. Чехова «Крыжовник» был написан в 1898 году и относится к позднему творчеству писателя. На этом этапе творчества можно заметить такую особенность, как расширение хронотопа. Причем интересно, что для читательского восприятия пространство расширяется - усадьба с крыжовником представляется всей Россией, которая застряла в обманутых представлениях лучшей жизни, а для героя пространство сужается: от всего мира – до усадьбы.
Translation - English The category of time and space, the chronotope, is a universal category. We can say that every person defines themselves in relation to the concepts of time and space. The understanding of the chronotope holds definitive importance not only for man, but also for the self-definition of people as a whole. We need only recall the history of mankind, the history of our people, in order to understand it. Fiction is a kind of artistic reinterpretation of the history of mankind both as a whole, and as separate individuals and it is therefore impossible to disagree with M. Bakhtin who defined the significance of the chronotope in artistic works, suggesting the analysis of the interaction of time and space in order to create a complete picture of the world in the human mind: ‘merging spatial and temporal dimensions in a meaningful and concrete whole’. Here time is condensed, compressed, becoming artistically visible; space is intensified, drawn into the movement of time, siuzhet, and story. The signs of time are shown in space, and space is understood and measured by time’. The chronotope, to paraphrase M. Bakhtin’s metaphor, can be characterised as an artistic image of place and time. The chronotope is a universal category that defines the artistic unity of a literary work in relation to reality.
It should be noted that linguists expand M. Bakhtin’s concept of the chronotope, adding such understandings as ‘observer’s chronotope’, ‘interpreter-observer’s point of view’, ‘perspective’, ‘observer’s mental function’, ‘mental worlds’, ‘negative space’ etc. Thus, the study of time and space in fiction can be multifaceted, and can help to define the ideological and artistic distinctiveness of the work, the uniqueness of the characters’ worldview, and the composition of plot structure in a literary text.
A. P. Chekhov’s story ‘Gooseberries’ was written in 1898 and belongs to the writer’s later works. At this stage in his work you can see features such as the expansion of the chronotope. Moreover, it is interesting that from the perception of the reader space expands – the estate with the gooseberries appears to be all of Russia, which is stuck with faulty notions of a better life, but for the protagonist space narrows: from the whole world to the estate.
French to English: Marketing email General field: Marketing Detailed field: Advertising / Public Relations
Source text - French Cher partenaire potentiel,
C'est avec grand plaisir que nous vous présentons nos produits de **. Après un début fulgurant sur le web depuis un an, nous avons maintenant plus de 2500 clients à travers le monde mais surtout au Canada et au Québec qui commande régulièrement chez nous et beaucoup de ces clients se feront un plaisir de venir acheter nos produits chez vous.
Nous vous offrons 3 lbs de notre ** de première qualité sous différentes formes pour que vous soyez en mesure de les apprécier. Notez que nos statistiques démontrent qu'une quantité à peu près égale de ces produits est achetée par nos clients.
Notre étude de marché confirme que nos prix et la qualité supérieure de notre ** cueilli et transformé avec le plus grand soin nous placent dans une position très avantageuse face à la compétition et nous estimons que vos clients seront charmés par nos produits.
Voici notre liste de prix partenaire:
Morceaux/Pépites/Poudre
$29.95/lb
Promo pour les deux premières commandes:
$25.95/lb
Prix de vente suggéré:
$39.95
Nous vous offrons également nos produits en vrac. Les prix se retrouvent sur notre site web: **
Merci de votre temps précieux,
**
Translation - English Dear potential partner,
It is with great pleasure that we present to you our **** products. After a flying start online over the past year we now have more than 2500 customers around the world, with many customers from Canada and Quebec in particular, who regularly order from us. Many of these clients will be happy to come and purchase our products from you.
We are offering you 3 lbs of premium **** in different forms so that you are able to appreciate them. Note that our statistics show a quantity roughly equal to these products purchased by our customers.
Our market research confirms that our prices and the superior quality of our ****, that has been harvested and processed with the utmost care, puts us in a very advantageous position against the competition and we believe that your customers will be charmed by our products.
Below is the partner price list:
Pieces/Nugget/Powder:
$29.95/lb
Promotion for the first two orders:
$25.95/lb
Suggested retail price:
$39.95
We also offer our products in bulk. Prices can be found on our website:
****
Thank you for your precious time,
****
French to English: The Sahara and Sahel observatory mission statement General field: Other Detailed field: Agriculture
Source text - French L’Observatoire du Sahara et du Sahel (OSS) compte recruter un consultant/une agence pour la réalisation d’un film d’animation vectorielle à caractère institutionnel. Ce documentaire est conçu pour traduire la vision de l’OSS, sa mission, son expertise, et les résultats enregistrés au cours d’un demi-siècle d’activités et d’engagement dans le domaine de la gestion durable des ressources naturelles, y compris les ressources en eau et la lutte contre les effets du changement climatique en Afrique. 2. CONTEXTE ET JUSTIFICATION L’Observatoire du Sahara et du Sahel (OSS) est une organisation internationale à vocation africaine, créée en 1992 et établie à Tunis. Son action se situe dans les zones arides, semi-arides et subhumides sèches de la région sahélo-saharienne. L’OSS compte parmi ses membres 25 pays africains, 7 pays non-africains, 13 organisations (organisations représentatives de l'Afrique de l'Ouest, de l'Est et du Nord, organisations des Nations unies) dont 3 organisations non gouvernementales. L’OSS a pour mission d’appuyer ses pays membres africains dans la gestion durable de leurs ressources naturelles dans un contexte de changement climatique particulièrement défavorable. Pour cela, il s’investit dans : • La mise en œuvre des Accords multilatéraux sur la désertification, la biodiversité et le changement climatique. • La promotion des initiatives régionales et internationales liées aux défis environnementaux de l’Afrique • La définition de concepts et l’harmonisation d’approches et méthodologies en rapport avec la Gestion durable des Terres et des ressources en Eau et le changement climatique Cette mission s’appuie nécessairement sur la transmission des connaissances, le renforcement des capacités et la sensibilisation de toutes les parties prenantes. Ses activités et ses projets sont financés respectivement par les contributions volontaires des pays membres, et par les subventions et les dons provenant des partenaires au développement. Une structure légère et flexible, une gestion transparente des ressources financières, des mécanismes de gouvernance efficaces et une équipe compétente, multiculturelle et multidisciplinaire permettent à l’OSS d’apporter une contribution à haute valeur ajoutée dans le paysage institutionnel international et africain. Le film institutionnel renforcera communication institutionnelle de l’OSS afin de mieux faire connaitre ses activités et de sensibiliser l’ensemble de ses membres et partenaires sur la gestion des ressources naturelles Pour information, le document en annexe, présente de manière détaillée, l’expertise de l’OSS dans les domaines de la Terre, de l’Eau et du Climat.
Translation - English The Sahara and Sahel observatory (OSS) plans to recruit a consultant/an agency to make a vector animation film of an institutional nature. This documentary has been conceived in order to translate the observatory’s vision, it’s mission, expertise, and the results gained from over half a century of activities and engagement in the field of natural resources, including water resources and the fight against the effects of climate change in Africa.
2. Context and justification
The Sahara and Sahel observatory (OSS) is an international organisation with an African vocation, created in 1992 and established in Tunis. Its action concerns the dry, semi-dry and dry sub humid zones of the Sahel-Sahara region.
Amongst its members OSS counts 25 African countries, 7 non-African countries, 13 organisations (organisations representative of West, East and North Africa and United Nations organisations) of which 3 are non-governmental.
The OSS’s mission is to support its African members in the sustainable management of their natural resources in the context of a particularly unfavourable climate change. In order to do this, they invest in:
• The implementation of multilateral agreements about desertification, biodiversity and climate change.
• The promotion of regional and international initiatives linked to the environmental challenges in Africa
• The definition of concepts and the harmonisation of approaches and methodologies in connection with the durable management of land and water resources and climate change
This mission necessarily relies on the transmission of knowledge, the reinforcement of capabilities and the awareness of all parties involved.
The activities and projects are respectively financed by donations from member countries, by grants and donations by development partners.
A light and flexible structure, transparent management of financial resources, effective governing mechanisms, a competent, multicultural and multidisciplinary team allow OSS to bring a high-value contribution to the international and African institutional landscape.
The institutional film will reinforce OSS’s institutional communication in order to better understand its activities and sensitize the group and its members and partners to the management of natural resources.
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Experience
Years of experience: 8. Registered at ProZ.com: Feb 2021.
French to English (University of Exeter) Russian to English (University College London)
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N/A
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Adobe Acrobat, Aegisub, DeepL, Lokalise, MateCat, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Office Pro, Microsoft Word, Powerpoint, Smartcat, Subtitle Editor, Trados Online Editor, Trados Studio, Translation Workspace, XTM
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CV available upon request
Bio
Hi, I'm Laura.
I'm a native English speaker and I am also fluent in French and Russian.
My qualifications include: PhD (Russian literature from UCL), MA (Russian literature from UCL) and BA (French and Russian from the University of Exeter).
My previous clients include COM translations, SW19 Translations, Proofreadingservices.com, Content Quality and financialtranslationservices.com. Please note that I have also worked with numerous individuals and have signed NDAs for other projects.
I have experience in a wide range of areas including financial, literary, academic and media.
If you need any more information or have any questions please let me know. I will link my Upwork profile as this is where the majority of my reviews and stats are kept.
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