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English to Chinese: Strengthening the Media in the Developing World
Source text - English One of the strongest checks on any government is the media. Even if the quality of the journalism is not high, the media is the most reliable instrument for guaranteeing human rights and the rule of law, and holding political leaders accountable to the governed. The more there is public debate and criticism of policies, laws and public services, the more politicians have to take notice.
A strong unfettered pres is essential to the achievement of democracy; equally, progress towards open, democratic government is itself a prerequisite for a strong unfettered press. Although most constitutions guarantee freedom of expression, many politicians in the developing world and elsewhere have sought to prevent criticisms of corruption, inefficiency and mismanagement through increasing government control and/or press censorship. Furthermore, independent journalists are frequently threatened with arbitrary arrest, and even death. Other journalists merely succumb to job threats, political pressure, bribery and patronage.
According to the annual report published by the French-based human rights organisation ‘Reporters Sans Frontiers’, no fewer than 103 journalists were known to have been killed worldwide in 1994 as a result of carry out their normal professional duties, a statistic that proves how courageous and dedicated journalists are in some countries. In addition to harassing journalists, governments can control the media through press censorship, closing down newspapers, arbitrary-imposed government regulations, operating media licensing systems, and restricting access to newsprint or the foreign currency with which to purchase it.
The importance of maintaining an independent media is starkly illustrated by the role of ‘hate radio’ in the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda. The subsequent genocides there lead the Financial Times to conclude ‘postmortems on ethnic conflict always highlight the role of the media in bringing it about. Providing balanced and objective reporting, or helping local journalist to do so, may be the most important contribution the outside world can make’.
English to Chinese: Strengthening the Media in the Developing World
Source text - English One of the strongest checks on any government is the media. Even if the quality of the journalism is not high, the media is the most reliable instrument for guaranteeing human rights and the rule of law, and holding political leaders accountable to the governed. The more there is public debate and criticism of policies, laws and public services, the more politicians have to take notice.
A strong unfettered pres is essential to the achievement of democracy; equally, progress towards open, democratic government is itself a prerequisite for a strong unfettered press. Although most constitutions guarantee freedom of expression, many politicians in the developing world and elsewhere have sought to prevent criticisms of corruption, inefficiency and mismanagement through increasing government control and/or press censorship. Furthermore, independent journalists are frequently threatened with arbitrary arrest, and even death. Other journalists merely succumb to job threats, political pressure, bribery and patronage.
According to the annual report published by the French-based human rights organisation ‘Reporters Sans Frontiers’, no fewer than 103 journalists were known to have been killed worldwide in 1994 as a result of carry out their normal professional duties, a statistic that proves how courageous and dedicated journalists are in some countries. In addition to harassing journalists, governments can control the media through press censorship, closing down newspapers, arbitrary-imposed government regulations, operating media licensing systems, and restricting access to newsprint or the foreign currency with which to purchase it.
The importance of maintaining an independent media is starkly illustrated by the role of ‘hate radio’ in the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda. The subsequent genocides there lead the Financial Times to conclude ‘postmortems on ethnic conflict always highlight the role of the media in bringing it about. Providing balanced and objective reporting, or helping local journalist to do so, may be the most important contribution the outside world can make’.
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